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bes

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Appendix:Variations of "bes"
Languages (23)
Translingual • English
Aromanian • Balinese • Catalan • Chipewyan • Cornish • Dutch • Jamaican Creole • Kankanaey • Kashubian • Latin • Malay • Middle English • Norwegian Bokmål • Old Irish • Papiamentu • Polish • Serbo-Croatian • Spanish • Swedish • Tagalog • Western Yugur
Page categories

Translingual

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Etymology

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Clipping ofEnglishBesme.

Symbol

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bes

  1. (international standards)ISO 639-3language code forBesme.

See also

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English

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Etymology 1

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FromMiddle Englishbes.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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bes

  1. (now chiefly dialectal)third-personsingularsimplepresentindicative ofbe
    • 1850, William Stevens Balch,Ireland, as I Saw it:
      Shebes there these five yare, an' has sint hoome foor her broother an' sister, the mooney for their passage, an' they bes goone these thra yares.
    • 1916,The Windsor Magazine - Volume 44, page353:
      "An' hebes free times as old as herself," he wailed, " an' ugly as a squid ! But hebes rich — rich as any marchant — an' for the bread an' the fixin's an' the gold shebes takin' 'im."
    • 2005, Brenda Dooling,The Diamond Cage,→ISBN, page236:
      And shebes white. Now, I bes what they use to call a house nigra. I don't work in no fields. And you know, I likes my color. Sho' not real fair, and not real dark either. I bes just who I be.
  2. (dialectal, nonstandard)Present tense inflected form ofbe:am orare.
    • 1850, William Stevens Balch,Ireland, as I Saw it:
      She bes there these five yare, an' has sint hoome foor her broother an' sister, the mooney for their passage, an' theybes goone these thra yares.
    • 2005, Brenda Dooling,The Diamond Cage,→ISBN, page236:
      And she bes white. Now, Ibes what they use to call a house nigra. I don't work in no fields. And you know, I likes my color. Sho' not real fair, and not real dark either. Ibes just who I be.
Usage notes
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Into the Early Modern English period,be was still sometimes inflected like regular verbs in the ordinary present indicative (i.e. "they be", in addition to "they are"), although "he bes" was uncommon (compare "hebeeth").[1] Today, such inflected forms are limited to thealternate, dynamic / lexical conjugation ofbe described in its Usage notes.

Synonyms
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References

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  1. ^Henry Sweet,A Primer of Historical English Grammar (1893), page 88: The use ofbe in the pres. indic. is still kept up in Early MnE:I be,thou beest,they be, etc.; the formhe bes is, however, very rare.

Etymology 2

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Borrowed fromLatinbes.

Noun

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EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

bes (pluralbesses)

  1. (historical, numismatics) Abronzecoin of theRoman Republic, worthtwo thirds of anas.

Etymology 3

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Noun

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bes

  1. plural ofbe(Cyrillic letter)

Etymology 4

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Noun

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bes

  1. Alternative form ofbeth(Semitic letter).

Anagrams

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Aromanian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Inherited fromLatinvissiō. CompareRomanianbăși.

Verb

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bes (participlebishitã)

  1. tofart

Synonyms

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Related terms

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Balinese

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Conjunction

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bes (Balinese scriptᬩᭂᬲ᭄)

  1. too (as intoo hard,too much etc.)
    besjohtoo far (away).

Further reading

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  • bes”, inBalinese–Indonesian Dictionary[Kamus Bahasa Bali–Indonesia] (in Balinese), Denpasar, Indonesia: The Linguistic Center of Bali Province[Balai Bahasa Provinsi Bali].

Catalan

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Noun

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bes

  1. plural ofbe(the letter B)

Etymology 2

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Inherited fromLatinbasium, fromProto-Indo-European*bu. CompareOccitanbais,Spanishbeso,Italianbacio.

Noun

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bes m (pluralbesos)

  1. kiss
    Synonyms:petó,besada
Related terms
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Etymology 3

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Inherited fromLatinversus.Doublet ofvers.

Noun

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bes m (pluralbessos)

  1. (nautical) strip of cloth used as part of asail or aflag

Further reading

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Chipewyan

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Etymology

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FromProto-Athabaskan*weˑš

Noun

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bes

  1. knife

Cornish

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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FromProto-Brythonic*bɨd, fromProto-Celtic*bitus.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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bes m (pluralbesow)

  1. (Revived Late Cornish)world

Mutation

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Mutation ofbes
radicalsoftaspiratehardmixed
besvesunchangedpesfes,
ves*

* after'th
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Cornish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Dutch

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromMiddle Dutchbes,bese, fromOld Dutchbesi, fromProto-West Germanic*basi, fromProto-Germanic*basją. CompareEnglishberry,Gothic𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌱𐌰𐍃𐌹(weinabasi,grape).

Noun

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bes f (pluralbessen,diminutivebesje nor(dialectal)bessie n)

  1. berry
    Synonyms:(dated or regional)bei,(dated or regional)bees,(dated or regional)bezie
Derived terms
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Descendants
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  • Afrikaans:bessie(from the diminutive)
  • Papiamentu:bèshi(from the diminutive)
  • Jersey Dutch:bääśe(from the diminutive)

Etymology 2

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(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

Noun

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bes f (pluralbessen,diminutivebesje n)

  1. (music)B-flat
Descendants
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  • Indonesian:Bes

Etymology 3

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Backformation frombesje, from olderbestje, frombestemoer orbestemoeder(grandma, old woman).

Alternative forms

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Noun

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bes f (pluralbessen,diminutivebesje n)

  1. (chiefly diminutive) anold woman
    • a.1525, anonymous author, “Lied van de twee koningskinderen”, inHaerlems Oudt Liedt-boeck, 27th edition, published1716:
      Met een quam daer eenbesje,
      Een oude fenyndebes,
      But then there came anold woman,
      An old meanhag,

Jamaican Creole

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Adjective

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bes

  1. superlative degree ofgud:best

Kankanaey

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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bës

  1. act oflooking the clothes of a dead person

Synonyms

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Dialectal synonyms & variants of bes
Southern / Central
Mt. ProvinceTadianbes,
(Lubon)beh,
(Banaao,Cadad-anan,Cagubatan,Dacudac,Lenga,Pandayan)boh
Baukobes,
(Banao,Bila,Otucan)beh
Sabanganbes,
(Tambingan,Supang,Data,Lagan,Losad,Poblacion)bes,
(Bun-ayan,Pingad,Bao-angan,Camatagan,Napua,Gayang,Capinitan,Busa,Namatec)beh
Northern / Applai
Mt. ProvinceSagadabes,
(Tanulong)ghes

Derived terms

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References

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  • Morice Vanoverbergh (1933), “bes”, inA Dictionary of Lepanto Igorot or Kankanay. As it is spoken at Bauco (Linguistische Anthropos-Bibliothek; XII)‎[1], Mödling bei Wien, St. Gabriel, Österreich: Verlag der Internationalen Zeitschrift „Anthropos“,→OCLC, page83

Kashubian

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Etymology

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Inherited fromProto-Slavic*bъzъ.

Etymology

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Noun

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bes inan

  1. elder (Sambucus)

Further reading

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  • Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011), “bez”, inSłownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi[2]
  • bes”, inInternetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby,2022

Latin

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Etymology

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From a derivative of*duō(two) (comparebis) +as.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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bes m (genitivebessis);third declension

  1. two-thirds, or a two-thirds part of any unit
  2. acoin worth two-thirds of anas

Declension

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Third-declension noun (i-stem).

singularplural
nominativebesbessēs
genitivebessisbessium
dativebessībessibus
accusativebessembessēs
bessīs
ablativebessebessibus
vocativebesbessēs

Derived terms

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References

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  • bes”, inGaffiot, Félix (1934),Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

Malay

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MalayWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipediams

Etymology

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FromEnglishbase.

Noun

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bes (Jawi spellingبيس,pluralbes-besorbes2)

  1. (chemistry)base, any of a class of generally water-soluble compounds, having bitter taste, that turn red litmus blue, and react with acids to form salts.

Alternative forms

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Further reading

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Middle English

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Etymology

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A version ofbith with the third-person singular ending replaced with-es as in other verbs (in some dialects) and the vowel of the infinitivebeen leveled in.

Verb

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bes

  1. alternative form ofbith

Norwegian Bokmål

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Verb

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bes

  1. passive form ofbe

Old Irish

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Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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bes

  1. third-personsingularpresentsubjunctiverelative ofis

Mutation

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Mutation ofbes
radicallenitionnasalization
besbes
pronounced with/βʲ-/
mbes

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Papiamentu

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Etymology

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FromPortuguesevez andSpanishvez andKabuverdianuvés.

Noun

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bes

  1. times as in "three times is too much"
  2. occasion,instance

Polish

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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bes inan

  1. (Kuyavia, Southern Greater Poland, Miejska Górka, Far Masovian, Ciechanów, Western Kraków, Kraków, Bochnia, Wadowice, Żywiec)alternative form ofbez

Declension

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Thegenitivesingular in theKuyavia dialect,Southern Greater Poland dialect,Far Masovian dialect, andWestern Kraków dialect isbesu.

Further reading

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  • Jan Karłowicz (1900), “bez”, inSłownik gwar polskich [Dictionary of Polish dialects] (in Polish), volume 1: Ado E, Kraków: Akademia Umiejętności, page67

Serbo-Croatian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Inherited fromProto-Slavic*běsъ(evil spirit).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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bȇs inan (Cyrillic spellingбе̑с)(Ekavian)

  1. rage
  2. fury
  3. madness
  4. mania
  5. tantrum
  6. wildness
  7. ferocity
  8. rampage

Declension

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Declension ofbes
singularplural
nominativebȇsbȅsovi
genitivebesabesova
dativebesubesovima
accusativebesbesove
vocativebesebesovi
locativebesubesovima
instrumentalbesombesovima

Spanish

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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bes m (pluralbeses)

  1. bes(two-thirds of anas (Roman measurement), around 219.3 grams)

Noun

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bes pl

  1. plural ofbe

Further reading

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Swedish

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Verb

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bes

  1. passiveinfinitive ofbe
  2. presentpassive ofbe

Tagalog

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Clipping fromEnglishbest friend.

Noun

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bes (Baybayin spellingᜊᜒᜐ᜔)(colloquial, women's speech, gayslang)

  1. endearingterm of address for one'sfriend, especially aclosefriend orbestfriend:friend;best friend
Usage notes
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Related terms
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See also
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Etymology 2

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Borrowed fromSpanishvez, fromLatinvicis(change, alternation).Doublet ofbeses.

Noun

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bes (Baybayin spellingᜊᜒᜐ᜔)(Cavite)

  1. time;instance;repetition
    Synonyms:ulit,beses

Western Yugur

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Western Yugur cardinal numbers
 <  456  > 
   Cardinal :bes

Numeral

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bes

  1. five
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