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bend

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Bendandbənd

English

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EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
A bend in a river

Etymology

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Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European*bʰendʰ-der.
Proto-Germanic*bindaną
Proto-Indo-European*-yeti
Proto-Indo-European*-éyeti
Proto-Germanic*-janą
Proto-Germanic*bandijaną
Proto-West Germanic*bandijan
Old Englishbendan
Middle Englishbenden
Englishbend

    FromMiddle Englishbenden, fromOld Englishbendan(“to bind or bend (a bow), fetter, restrain”), fromProto-West Germanic*bandijan, fromProto-Germanic*bandijaną(“to bend”), fromProto-Indo-European*bʰendʰ-(“to bind, tie”).

    Cognate withMiddle High Germanbenden(“to fetter”),Danishbænde(“to bend”),Norwegianbende(“to bend”),Faroesebenda(“to bend, inflect”),Icelandicbenda(“to bend”). Related tobind,band,bond.

    Pronunciation

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    Verb

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    bend (third-person singular simple presentbends,present participlebending,simple past and past participlebentor(archaic)bended)

    1. (transitive) To cause (something) to change its shape into acurve, byphysicalforce,chemical action, or any other means.
      Synonym:flex
      If youbend the pipe too far, it will break.
      Don’tbend your knees.
    2. (intransitive) To becomecurved.
      Synonym:flex
      Look at the treesbending in the wind.
    3. (transitive) To cause to change direction.
    4. (intransitive) To change direction.
      The roadbends to the right.
    5. (intransitive) To be inclined; to direct itself.
    6. (intransitive, usually with "down") Tostoop.
      Hebent down to pick up the pieces.
    7. (intransitive) Tobow in prayer, or in token of submission.
    8. (transitive) To force tosubmit.
      Theybent me to their will.
      • 1611 April (first recorded performance),William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Cymbeline”, inMr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, andEd[ward] Blount, published1623,→OCLC,[Act I, scene v]:
        Of liegers for her sweet, and which she after
        Except shebend her humour, shall be assured
        To taste of too.
      • 2012,BioWare,Mass Effect 3: Leviathan, Redwood City: Electronic Arts, PC, scene: 2181 Despoina:
        Leviathan: You cannot conceive of a galaxy thatbends to your will.
        Leviathan: Every creature, every nation, every planet we discovered became our tools. We were above the concerns of lesser species.
    9. (intransitive) To submit.
      I ambending to my desire to eat junk food.
    10. (transitive) To apply to a task or purpose.
      Hebent the company's resources to gaining market share.
      • 1679,William Temple, “An Essay upon the Cure of Gout by Moxa. […]”, inMiscellanea. […], London: […] A. M. and R. R. for Edw[ard] Gellibrand, […],→OCLC, page192:
        And I remember one great Miniſter that confeſt to me, when he fell into one of his uſual Fits of theGout, He was no longer able tobend his mind or thoughts to any Publick Buſineſs, [...]
      • 1714,Alexander Pope, “The Rape of the Lock”, inThe Works of Mr. Alexander Pope, volume I, London: […] W[illiam] Bowyer, forBernard Lintot, […], published1717,→OCLC, canto III:
        when to mischief mortalsbend their will
    11. (intransitive) To apply oneself to a task or purpose.
      Hebent to the goal of gaining market share.
    12. (transitive) To adapt or interpret to for a purpose or beneficiary.
      • 2011, Demetrios S. Katos,Palladius of Helenopolis: The Origenist Advocate, page60:
        Palladius did not lie, although he might havebent the facts a bit and even passed over in silence whatever might not have benefited his client's cause.
    13. (transitive, nautical) Totie, as insecuring a line to acleat; toshackle achain to ananchor; makefast.
      Bend the sail to the yard.
    14. (transitive, music) To smoothly change the pitch of a note.
      You shouldbend the G slightly sharp in the next measure.
    15. (intransitive, nautical) Toswing thebody whenrowing.

    Derived terms

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    Translations

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    to cause to shape into a curve
    to become curved
    to cause to change direction
    to change direction
    to be inclined; to direct itself
    to stoop
    to bow in prayer, or in token of submission—see alsobow
    to force to submit
    to submit
    to apply to a task or purpose
    • Bulgarian:please add this translation if you can
    • Finnish:suunnata (fi)
    to apply oneself to a task or purpose
    • Bulgarian:please add this translation if you can
    • Finnish:suuntautua (fi)
    to adapt or interpret to for a purpose or beneficiary
    to tie a line
    to change the pitch
    to swing the body when rowing
    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
    Translations to be checked

    Noun

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    bend (pluralbends)

    Azure abend or, the arms of Scrope
    1. Acurve.
      There's a sharpbend in the road ahead.
      • 1968,Johnny Cash,Folsom Prison Blues:
        I hear the train a comin'/It's rolling round thebend
      • 1913,Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter I, inMr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y.; London:D[aniel] Appleton and Company,→OCLC:
        I stumbled along through the young pines and huckleberry bushes. Pretty soon I struck into a sort of path that, I cal'lated, might lead to the road I was hunting for. It twisted and turned, and, the first thing I knew, made a suddenbend around a bunch of bayberry scrub and opened out into a big clear space like a lawn.
    2. Any of the variousknots whichjoin the ends of twolines.
      • 2012, Percy W. Blandford,Practical Knots and Ropework, page67:
        A simpler version of the commonbend with its ends in the same direction is used to join binder twine in a hay baling machine.
    3. (in theplural, medicine, underwaterdiving, withthe) Aseverecondition caused by excessively quickdecompression, causing bubbles ofnitrogen to form in theblood;decompression sickness.
      A diver who stays deep for too long must ascend very slowly in order to prevent thebends.
    4. (heraldry) One of thehonourableordinaries formed by twodiagonallines drawn from thedexter chief to thesinisterbase; it generally occupies afifth part of theshield ifuncharged, but ifcharged onethird.
      Coordinate terms:bendlet,cost,garter,riband,baton,scrape
      • 1968, Charles MacKinnon of Dunakin,The Observer's Book of Heraldry, pages63–64:
        Perhaps the most celebrated coat of arms is that of Scrope, which is Azure abend Or. This is the coat over which, from 1385 to 1390, Sir Robert le Grosvenor and Sir Richard le Scrope invoked the High Court of Chivalry to decide which of them had the right to bear these arms. Chaucer gave evidence before the court. In the end the arms were awarded to Scrope, and Grosvenor was ordered to difference with a bordure Argent. This he disdained to do, and being highly dissatisfied with the verdict he appealed to Richard II who altered the decision of the court by refusing to allow thebend to Grosvenorat all! Grosvenor then adopted a garb, or sheaf of corn.
    5. (obsolete) Turn; purpose; inclination; ends.
    6. In the leather trade, the best quality ofsoleleather; abutt; sometimes, half a butt cut lengthwise.
    7. (mining) Hard,induratedclay;bind.
    8. (nautical, in theplural) The thickest and strongestplanks in a ship's sides, more generally calledwales, which have the beams, knees, and futtocks bolted to them.
    9. (nautical, in theplural) The frames or ribs that form the ship's body from thekeel to the top of the sides.
      the midshipbends
    10. (music) Aglissando, orglide between onepitch and another, especially one accomplished by bending a string (such as onguitar).

    Derived terms

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    terms derived frombend (noun)

    Translations

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    curve
    knot
    decompression sickness—seedecompression sickness
    heraldry: one of the ordinaries
    turn; purpose; inclination; ends
    best quality of sole leather
    hard, indurated clay
    nautical: thickest and strongest planks in a ship's sides
    nautical: frames or ribs that form the ship's body
    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
    Translations to be checked

    Related terms

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    References

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    • The Manual of Heraldry, Fifth Edition, by Anonymous, London, 1862, online at[1]

    Anagrams

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    Albanian

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    Etymology

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    FromProto-Indo-European*band(“drop”). ComparePhrygianβεδυ(bedu,“water”),Sanskritबिन्दु(bindú,“drop”),Middle Irishbanna,baina(“drop”) and possiblyLatinFōnsBandusiae.

    Noun

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    bend m

    1. pond,waterreservoir
    2. idle orprovocativewords
    3. servant,henchman

    Related terms

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    Northern Kurdish

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    Noun

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    bend ?

    1. slave

    Norwegian Nynorsk

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    Etymology

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    Frombenda,bende(“to bend”).

    Noun

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    bend n (definite singularbendet,indefinite pluralbend,definite pluralbenda)

    1. abend
    2. abentposition
    3. abutt on a thickrope

    Participle

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    bend (neuterbendt,definite singular and pluralbende)

    1. pastparticiple ofbenda

    Verb

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    bend

    1. imperative ofbenda

    References

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    Old English

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    Alternative forms

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    Etymology

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      FromProto-Germanic*bandiz.

      Pronunciation

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      Noun

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      bend m

      1. bond,coil
      2. ribbon
      3. crown,ornament

      Declension

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      Stronga-stem:

      singularplural
      nominativebendbendas
      accusativebendbendas
      genitivebendesbenda
      dativebendebendum

      Derived terms

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      References

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      Old Norse

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      Participle

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      bend

      1. inflection ofbendr:
        1. strongfemininenominativesingular
        2. strongneuternominative/accusativeplural

      Verb

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      bend

      1. second-personsingularactiveimperative ofbenda

      Portuguese

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      Etymology

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      Unadapted borrowing fromEnglishbend.

      Pronunciation

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      Noun

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      bend m (pluralbends)

      1. (music, electric guitar)bend(change in pitch produced by bending a string)

      Serbo-Croatian

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      Etymology

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      Borrowed fromEnglishband.

      Pronunciation

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      Noun

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      bȅnd m inan (Cyrillic spellingбе̏нд)

      1. (music)band (group of musicians)

      Declension

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      Declension ofbend
      singularplural
      nominativebȅndbendovi /bendi
      genitivebendabendova /benda
      dativebendubendovima /bendima
      accusativebȅndbendove /bende
      vocativebȅndebendovi /bendi
      locativebendubendovima /bendima
      instrumentalbendombendovima /bendima
      Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=bend&oldid=89536681"
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