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bed

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Appendix:Variations of "bed"

Translingual

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Symbol

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bed

  1. (international standards)ISO 639-3language code forBedoanas.

See also

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English

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Etymology

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    A bed (furniture)

    Inherited fromMiddle Englishbed,bedde, fromOld Englishbedd, fromProto-West Germanic*badi, fromProto-Germanic*badją(resting-place, plot of ground).

    Cognates

    Cognate withScotsbed,North Frisianbaad,beed,Bēr,Saterland FrisianBääd,West Frisianbêd,Cimbrianpett,Dutchbed,Dutch Low Saxonbedde,GermanBett,Bette,German Low GermanBedd,LuxembourgishBett,Vilamovianbet,Danish andNorwegian Bokmålbed,Faroese andIcelandicbeð,beður,Norwegian Nynorskbed,bedd,Swedishbädd,Gothic𐌱𐌰𐌳𐌹(badi), all meaning “bed”.

    further possible etymology and cognates

    TheProto-Germanic term may in turn be fromProto-Indo-European*bʰedʰ-(to dig) with various theories explaining the development in meaning. If it is, the term is also cognate withAncient Greekβοθυρος(bothuros,pit),Latinfossa(ditch),Latvianbedre(hole),Welshbedd(grave),Bretonbez(grave); and probably alsoRussianбодать(bodatʹ,to butt, gore).

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    bed (countable anduncountable,pluralbeds)

    1. (countable) A piece offurniture, usually flat and soft, on which torest orsleep.
      My cat often sleeps on mybed.
      I keep a glass of water next to mybed when I sleep.
      • 1762,Charles Johnstone,The Reverie; or, A Flight to the Paradise of Fools, volume 2, Dublin: Printed by Dillon Chamberlaine,→OCLC, page202:
        At length, one night, when the company by ſome accident broke up much ſooner than ordinary, ſo that the candles were not half burnt out, ſhe was not able to reſiſt the temptation, but reſolved to have them ſome way or other. Accordingly, as ſoon as the hurry was over, and the ſervants, as ſhe thought, all gone to ſleep, ſhe ſtole out of herbed, and went down ſtairs, naked to her ſhift as ſhe was, with a deſign to ſteal them [].
      1. A preparedspot in which to spend the night.
        When camping, he usually makes abed for the night from hay and a blanket.
      2. (usually after a preposition) One's place of sleep or rest.
        I had breakfast inbed this morning.
      3. (uncountable, usually after a preposition) Sleep; rest; getting to sleep.
        He's been afraid ofbed since he saw the scary film.
      4. (uncountable, usually after a preposition) The time for going to sleep or resting in bed;bedtime.
        I read untilbed.
      5. (uncountable) Time spent in a bed.
        • 1903, Thomas Stretch Dowse,Lectures on Massage and Electricity in the Treatment of Disease, page276:
          I am quite sure that too muchbed, if not too much sleep, is prejudicial, though a certain amount is absolutely necessary.
        • 1907,Jabez Spencer Balfour,My Prison Life, page181:
          Some prisoners, indeed, are always up before the bell rings — such was my practice — they prefer to grope about in the dark to tossing about in the utter weariness of too muchbed.
        • 1972, James Verney Cable,Principles of Medicine: An Integrated Textbook for Nurses:
          This condition is one of the dangers of “too muchbed”. The nurse should inspect the legs of each patient daily
      6. (figurative)Marriage.
      7. (figurative, uncountable)Sexualactivity.
        Too muchbed, not enough rest.
      8. Clipping ofbedroom.
        2beds, 1 bath
    2. A place, or flatsurface orlayer, on which something elserests or islaid.
      The meats and cheeses lay on abed of lettuce.
      1. (countable) Thebottom of a body of water, such as anocean,sea,lake, orriver.[from later 16thc.]
        seabed
        riverbed
        There’s a lot of trash on thebed of the river.
      2. An area where a large number ofoysters,mussels, othersessileshellfish, or a large amount ofseaweed is found.
        Oysters are farmed from theirbeds.
        • 1941,Emily Carr, chapter 18, inKlee Wyck[1]:
          I knew that there werekelpbeds and reefs which could rip the bottoms from boats down in Skedans Bay.
      3. Agardenplot.
        We added a new bush to our rosebed.
        • 1907 August,Robert W[illiam] Chambers, “Afterglow”, inThe Younger Set, New York, N.Y.:D. Appleton & Company,→OCLC,page168:
          Breezes blowing frombeds of iris quickened her breath with their perfume; she saw the tufted lilacs sway in the wind, and the streamers of mauve-tinted wistaria swinging, all a-glisten with golden bees; she saw a crimson cardinal winging through the foliage, and amorous tanagers flashing like scarlet flames athwart the pines.
      4. A foundation or supporting surface formed of afluid.
        Abed of concrete makes a strong subsurface for an asphalt parking lot.
      5. The superficialearthwork, orballast, of arailroad.
      6. (US, Canada, automotive) Theplatform of a truck, trailer, wagon, railcar, or other vehicle that supports theload to be hauled.
        Synonym:tray
        Hyponym:truckbed
        The parcels were loaded onto the truckbed before transportation.
      7. Ashaped piece oftimber to hold acask clear of aship’sfloor; apallet.
      8. (printing, dated) The flat part of thepress, on which theform is laid.
      9. (computing) The flat surface of ascanner on which adocument is placed to be scanned.
      10. A piece ofmusic, normallyinstrumental, over which aradioDJ talks.
      11. (darts) Any of the sections of a dartboard with a point value,delimited by awire.
      12. (trampoline) The taut surface of atrampoline.
        • 2000,Sports: The Complete Visual Reference[2]:
          These 5 judges mark the athlete's staying in the center of thebed, uniformity of bounce heights, and general style.
    3. (heading)A horizontallayer orsurface.
      1. Adeposit ofore,coal,etc.
      2. (countable, geology) The smallest division of a geologic formation orstratigraphic rock series marked by well-defined divisional planes (bedding planes) separating it from layers above and below.
        Synonyms:layer,stratum
      3. (masonry) The horizontal surface of a building stone.
        the upper and lowerbeds
      4. (masonry) The lower surface of a brick, slate, or tile.[1]
      5. (masonry) Acourse of stone or brick in awall.

    Usage notes

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    • To prepare a bed (in the sense of sleeping furniture) is usually tomake the bed, or(Southern US) tospread the bed, the verbspread probably having been developed frombedspread. Like many nouns denoting places where people spend time,bed requires no article after certain prepositions: hencein bed(lying in a bed),go to bed(get into a bed), and so on. The formsin a bed, etc. do exist, but tend to imply mere presence in the bed, without it being for the purpose of sleep.

    See alsoAppendix:Collocations of do, have, make, and take.

    Derived terms

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    Descendants

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    Translations

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    Seebed/translations § Noun.

    Verb

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    bed (third-person singular simple presentbeds,present participlebedding,simple past and past participlebedded)

    1. Senses relating to a bed as a place for resting or sleeping.
      1. (intransitive) To go to bed; to put oneself tosleep.
        I usually listen to music before Ibed.
      2. (transitive) To place in a bed.
      3. (transitive) To furnish with a bed or bedding.
      4. (ambitransitive) To havesex (with).[from early 14th c.]
        Synonyms:coitize,go to bed with,sleep with;see alsoThesaurus:copulate with
        • 1730, William Forbes,The Institutes of the Law of Scotland, page121:
          And he who lies with another Man's Wife after she is married, even before her Husband hadbedded with her, is guilty of Adultery,[]
      5. (intransitive, hunting) Of largegame animals: to be atrest.
    2. Senses relating to a bed as a place or layer on which something else rests or is laid.
      1. (transitive) To lay or put in any hollow place, or place of rest and security, surrounded or enclosed; toembed.
        • 1810/1835,William Wordsworth,Guide to the Lakes
          Among all chains or clusters of mountains where large bodies of still water arebedded.
        • 2014 August 17, Jeff Howell, “Home improvements: Repairing and replacing floorboards [print version: Never buy anything from a salesman, 16 August 2014, p. P7]”, inThe Daily Telegraph (Property)[3]:
          But I must warn you that chipboard floors are always likely to squeak. The material is still being used in new-builds, but developers now use adhesive tobed and joint it, rather than screws or nails. I suspect the adhesive will eventually embrittle and crack, resulting in the same squeaking problems as before.
      2. (transitive) To set in a softmatrix, aspavingstones insand, ortiles incement.
      3. (transitive) To set out (plants) in agarden bed.
      4. (transitive) To dress or prepare the surface of (stone) so it can serve as a bed.
      5. (transitive) To lay flat; to lay in order; to place in a horizontal orrecumbent position.
      6. Tosettle, as machinery.

    Derived terms

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    Translations

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    Seebed/translations § Verb.

    References

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    1. ^Edward H[enry] Knight (1877), “Bed”, inKnight’s American Mechanical Dictionary. [], volumes I (A–GAS), New York, N.Y.:Hurd and Houghton [],→OCLC.

    Further reading

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    Anagrams

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    Afrikaans

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    Etymology

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    FromDutchbed, fromMiddle Dutchbedde, fromOld Dutchbedde, fromProto-Germanic*badją.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    bed (pluralbeddens,diminutivebedjie)

    1. bed
      Synonym:kooi

    Australian Kriol

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    Etymology 1

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    FromEnglishbird.

    Noun

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    bed

    1. bird

    Etymology 2

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    FromEnglishbed.

    Noun

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    bed

    1. bed

    Breton

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    Alternative forms

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    Etymology

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    FromProto-Brythonic*bɨd, fromProto-Celtic*bitus. Cognates includeWelshbyd andCornishbys.

    Noun

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    bed m (pluralbedoù)

    1. world
    2. universe

    Mutation

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    Mutation ofbed
    unmutatedsoftaspiratehard
    singularbedvedunchangedped
    pluralbedoùvedoùunchangedpedoù

    Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Breton.
    All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

    References

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    • Ian Press (1986),A grammar of modern Breton, Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter,→ISBN, page322

    Danish

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    Etymology 1

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    FromGermanBeet(bed for plants), originally the same word asBett(bed for sleeping), fromProto-Germanic*badją, cognate withEnglishbed andSwedishbädd.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    bed n (singular definitebedet,plural indefinitebede)

    1. bed(a garden plot)
    Inflection
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    Declension ofbed
    neuter
    gender
    singularplural
    indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
    nominativebedbedetbedebedene
    genitivebedsbedetsbedesbedenes

    Etymology 2

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    FromOld Norsebeit f(pasturage),Old Norsebeita f(bait), fromProto-Germanic*baitō(food, bait), cognate withGermanBeize(mordant) (whenceDanishbejdse).

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): [ˈb̥eˀð],[ˈb̥eðˀ]

    Noun

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    bed (definitive pluralbedene)

    1. (obsolete)pasturage
      only in the expression: nogen i bedene "poach on someone's preserves"

    Etymology 3

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    See the etymology of the correspondinglemma form.

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): [ˈb̥eˀð],[ˈb̥eðˀ]

    Verb

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    bed

    1. past ofbide

    Etymology 4

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    See the etymology of the correspondinglemma form.

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): [ˈb̥eˀ],(solemnly)IPA(key): [ˈb̥eˀð],[ˈb̥eðˀ]

    Verb

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    bed

    1. imperative ofbede

    Dutch

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    Etymology

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    FromMiddle Dutchbedde, fromOld Dutchbedde, fromProto-West Germanic*badi, fromProto-Germanic*badją.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    bed n (pluralbedden,diminutivebedje n)

    1. bed(furniture for sleeping)
      Ze kocht een nieuwbed voor haar nieuwe appartement.She bought a newbed for her new apartment.
      Ik wil vroeg naarbed gaan vanavond.I want to go tobed early tonight.
      Ditbed is zo comfortabel dat ik er de hele dag in zou kunnen blijven.Thisbed is so comfortable, I could stay in it all day.
    2. (garden, agriculture)patch,bed
    3. layer, often asubstratum
    4. bed of a body ofwater
      • 1950, Willy van der Heide,Drie jongens op een onbewoond eiland, Stenvert:
        Op een gegeven ogenblik stieten ze op een uitgedroogde beekbedding; hetbed van de beek was naakte lava.
        (pleaseadd an English translation of this quotation)

    Derived terms

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    Descendants

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    Hawaiian Creole

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    Etymology

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    Derived fromEnglishbed.

    Noun

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    bed

    1. (countable)bed(a piece offurniture, usually flat and soft, on which torest orsleep)
      • 2000, “Matthew 8”, in Joseph Grimes, transl.,Da Jesus Book: Hawaii Pidgin New Testament[4], Wycliffe Bible Translators,→ISBN,page22:
        Den Jesus wen go Peter’s house. He go inside, an see Peter’s mudda-in-law on top dabed. She get feva.
        And when Jesus had come into Peter’s house, he saw his wife’s mother inbed, very ill.

    Middle English

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    Etymology 1

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      Inherited fromOld Englishbedd,[1] fromProto-West Germanic*badi, formProto-Germanic*badją.

      Alternative forms

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      Pronunciation

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      Noun

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      bed (pluralbeddes, genitive singularbeddes, dative singularbedde)

      1. Aplace ofrest orsleep:
        1. Abed; apiece offurniture forsleeping on.
        2. Apallet,bedroll, or otherportablebed.
        3. (rare) Abedroom orresting-place.
      2. Aflowerbed; agardenplot.
      3. In extended or figurative senses:
        1. Sex;sexualintercourse.
        2. Apersonalattribute thatsupports(someone orsomething).
        3. A kind ofroughfabric forbedding.[2]
        4. (rare) One'slineage ordescent.
        5. (rare) One'splace ofburial.
      Related terms
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      Descendants
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      References
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      1. ^bed,n.(1).”, inMED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.:University of Michigan,2007.
      2. ^bed,n.(2).”, inMED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.:University of Michigan,2007.

      Etymology 2

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      Noun

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      bed

      1. alternative form ofbede

      Northern Kurdish

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      Pronunciation

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      Adjective

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      bed

      1. bad

      Norwegian Bokmål

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      Pronunciation

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      Etymology 1

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      FromDanishbed, fromGermanBeet.

      Noun

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      bed n (definite singularbedet,indefinite pluralbed,definite pluralbedaorbedene)

      1. (horticulture) abed(for plants)
      Derived terms
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      Etymology 2

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      Verb

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      bed

      1. imperative ofbede

      References

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      Norwegian Nynorsk

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      Etymology 1

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      FromGermanBeet.

      Noun

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      bed n (definite singularbedet,indefinite pluralbed,definite pluralbeda)

      1. (horticulture) abed(for plants)
      Derived terms
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      Etymology 2

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      Verb

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      bed

      1. presenttense ofbeda
      2. imperative ofbeda

      Etymology 3

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      FromOld Norsebeðr.

      Noun

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      bed m (definite singularbeden,indefinite pluralbedar,definite pluralbedane)

      1. (pre-2012)alternative form ofbedd

      References

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      Old English

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      Pronunciation

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      Noun

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      bed n

      1. alternative form ofbedd

      Declension

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      Stronga-stem:

      singularplural
      nominativebedbed
      accusativebedbed
      genitivebedesbeda
      dativebedebedum

      Old Irish

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      Pronunciation

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      Etymology 1

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      See the etymology of the correspondinglemma form.

      Verb

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      ·bed

      1. third-personsingularpastsubjunctive ofat·tá
      Alternative forms
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      Etymology 2

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      See the etymology of the correspondinglemma form.

      Verb

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      bed

      1. inflection ofis:
        1. third-personsingularpastsubjunctive
        2. third-personsingular/second-personpluralimperative
        3. third-personsingularconditionalrelative
      Alternative forms
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      • bad(3 sg. past subj.; 3 sg. and 2 pl. imperative)

      Mutation

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      Mutation ofbed
      radicallenitionnasalization
      bedbed
      pronounced with/βʲ-/
      mbed

      Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
      All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

      Old Saxon

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      Alternative forms

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      Etymology

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      FromProto-West Germanic*badi, fromProto-Germanic*badją(dug sleeping-place), fromProto-Indo-European*bʰedʰ-(to dig).

      Cognate withOld Frisianbed,Old Englishbedd,Dutchbed,Old High Germanbetti,Old Norsebeðr,Gothic𐌱𐌰𐌳𐌹(badi). The Indo-European root is also the source ofAncient Greekβοθυρος(bothuros,pit),Latinfossa(ditch),Latvianbedre(hole),Welshbedd,Bretonbez(grave).

      Noun

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      bed n

      1. bed
        • (Can wedate this quote?),Heliand, verse 2309:
          thena lefna lamon bārun mid isbeddiu
          They were bearing the living lame man with hisbed

      Declension

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      bed (neuter a-stem)
      singularplural
      nominativebedbed
      accusativebedbed
      genitivebeddesbeddō
      dativebeddebeddum
      instrumental

      Descendants

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      Scots

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      Etymology

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      Inherited fromMiddle Englishbed,bedde, fromOld Englishbedd, fromProto-West Germanic*badi, fromProto-Germanic*badją(resting-place, plot of ground).

      Noun

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      bed (pluralbeds)

      1. (countable)bed(a piece offurniture, usually flat and soft, on which torest orsleep)
        • 1904, “Luke XI”, in William Wye Smith, transl.,The New Testament in Braid Scots[5], Paisley: Alexander Gardner,page89:
          And he in‐by sal say, ‘Fash‐me‐na ! the door has been steekit, and my weans are a’ wi’ me i’ thebed ; and I canna rise to gie ye !’
          And he from within will answer and say, ‘Don’t bother me. The door is now shut, and my children are with me inbed. I can’t get up and give it to you.’

      Swedish

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      Verb

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      bed (contractedbe)

      1. imperative ofbedja

      Volapük

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      Etymology

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      Borrowed fromEnglishbed andGermanBett.

      Pronunciation

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      Noun

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      bed (nominative pluralbeds)

      1. bed

      Declension

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      Declension ofbed
      singularplural
      nominativebedbeds
      genitivebedabedas
      dativebedebedes
      accusativebedibedis
      vocative1obed!obeds!
      predicative2bedubedus

      1 status as a case is disputed
      2 in later, non-classical Volapük only

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