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aver

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:avér,avēr,avêr,avër,anda ver

English

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WOTD – 30 April 2021

Etymology 1

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FromMiddle Englishaverren,[1] fromOld Frenchaverer, fromEarly Medieval Latinadvērō, a verb derived fromLatinvērus(true). Compare ModernFrenchavérer.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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aver (third-person singular simple presentavers,present participleaverringor(obsolete)avering,simple past and past participleaverredor(obsolete)avered)

  1. (ambitransitive) Toassert thetruth of (something); toaffirm (something) withconfidence; todeclare (something) in apositivemanner.
    • 1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym;Robert Burton], “Causes of Heroicall Loue, Temperature, Full Diet, Idlenesse, Place, Climat, &c.”, inThe Anatomy of Melancholy: [], 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: [] John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps,→OCLC, partition 3, section 2, member 2, subsection 1,page209:
      A rare thing to ſee a yong man or woman, that liues idlely, and fares well, of what condition ſoeuer, not to bee in loue.Vbicumqꝫ ſecuritas, ibi libido dominatur, luſt & ſecurity domineere together, as StHieromeauerreth.
    • 1660,Samuel Fisher, “[Rusticus ad Academicos in Exercitationibus Expostulatoriis, Apologeticis Quatuor. The Rustick’s Alarm to the Rabbies: Or, The Country Correcting the University and Clergy, and (Not without Good Cause) Contesting for the Truth, against the Nursing Mothers and Their Children. In Four Apologetical and Expostulatory Exercitations; [...]] The Third Apologetical, and Expostulatory Exercitation”, inThe Testimony of Truth Exalted, [],[London?]:[s.n.], published1679,→OCLC, chapter I,page411:
      Now as to the Scriptures being the Word of God, and evidently known to be ſo, or evidencing themſelves to be ſo, and that of right, and properly they are to be ſo called; all which thou J. O. very abſolutelyaverreſt,[]
    • 1662 (indicated as1663), [Samuel Butler], “[The First Part of Hudibras]. Canto II.”, inHudibras. The First and Second Parts. [], London: [] John Martyn andHenry Herringman, [], published1678,→OCLC; republished inA[lfred] R[ayney] Waller, editor,Hudibras: Written in the Time of the Late Wars, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire:University Press,1905,→OCLC,page31:
      Chiron, the four-legg'd Bard, had both / A Beard and Tail of his own growth; / And yet by Authors 'tisaverr'd, / He made use onely of his Beard.
    • 1701, Lawrence Smith, “[First Discourse on2 Timothy 1:10]”, inThe Evidence of Things Not Seen: Or, The Immortality of the Human Soul, and the Separate Condition thereof in the Other World, Asserted and Made Manifest: [], London: [] Thomas Speed, [],→OCLC,page 1:
      [T]he partial Infidel[]averreth the Sleep or Inſenſibility of the Soul both in good and bad perſons, from the time of their Deceaſe hence until their Reſurrection;[]
    • 1819, Miching Mallecho [pseudonym;Percy Bysshe Shelley], “Peter Bell the Third”, in[Mary] Shelley, editor,The Poetical Works of Percy Bysshe Shelley. [], new edition, London:Edward Moxon [], published1840,→OCLC, part the second (The Devil), stanza 1,page239:
      The Devil, I safely canaver, / Has neither hoof, nor tail, nor sting; / Nor is he, as some sages swear, / A spirit, neither here nor there, / In nothing—yet in everything.
    • 1851 November 14,Herman Melville, “Cetology”, inMoby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.:Harper & Brothers; London:Richard Bentley,→OCLC,page156:
      An Irish authoravers that the Earl of Leicester, on bended knees, did likewise present to her highness another horn, pertaining to a land beast of the unicorn nature.
    • 1939 August 25, “Ding-Dong! The Witch Is Dead”, inYip Harburg (lyrics),Harold Arlen (music),The Wizard of Oz (soundtrack),Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer:
      As Coroner, I mustaver, I thoroughly examined her. / And she's not only merely dead, she's really most sincerely dead.
    • 1997, Frederick W. Case, Jr., Roberta B. Case, “The North American Trilliums”, inTrilliums, Portland, Or.:Timber Press,→ISBN,page109:
      Horticulturalist Richard Lighty has a form [ofTrillium grandiflorum] that heavers to open almost a cerise-red.
    • 2007 July 26,European Court of Human Rights (Fifth Section),Peev v. Bulgaria (Application no. 64209/01)‎[1], Strasbourg, paragraph 19:
      In the meantime, on 5 June 2000, the applicant had brought a civil action against the Prosecutor's Office. He alleged that the termination of his contract had been unlawful and sought reinstatement and compensation for loss of salary. Heaverred,inter alia, that the climate in the Supreme Cassation Prosecutor's Office had deteriorated as a result of the actions of the Chief Prosecutor.
    • 2019 April 14, Alex McLevy, “Winter is Here onGame of Thrones’ Final Season Premiere (Newbies)”, inThe A.V. Club[2], archived fromthe original on18 December 2020:
      [W]hen Yara tells him he picked the losing side, heavers that he might just as soon head back to the Iron Islands—"But first, I'm gonna fuck the queen" [...]
  2. (ambitransitive, law) Tojustify orprove (anallegation orplea that one hasmade).
  3. (transitive, obsolete) Toavouch, prove, orverify theexistence orhappening of (something), or tooffer to do so.
    • 1611 April (first recorded performance),William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Cymbeline”, inMr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies [] (First Folio), London: [] Isaac Iaggard, andEd[ward] Blount, published1623,→OCLC,[Act V, scene v],page396, column 2:
      [] I return'd with ſimular proofe enough, / To make the NobleLeonatus mad, / By wounding his beleefe in her Renowne, / With tokens thus, and thus:auerring notes / Of Chamber-hanging, Pictures, this her Bracelet / (Oh cunning how I got) nay ſome markes / Of ſecret on her perſon, that he could not / But thinke her bond of Chaſtity quite crack'd, / I hauing tane the forfeyt.
    • 1641 May,John Milton,Of Reformation Touching Church-Discipline in England: And the Cavvses that hitherto have Hindred it; republished as Will Taliaferro Hale, editor,Of Reformation Touching Church-Discipline in England (Yale Studies in English; LIV), New Haven, Conn.:Yale University Press,1916,→OCLC, 2nd book,pages46–47:
      Upon a time the Body summon'd all the Members to meet in the Guild for the common good (asAesops Chroniclesaverre many stranger Accidents) the head by right takes the first seat, and next to it a huge and monstrous Wen little lesse than the Head it selfe, growing to it by a narrower excrescency.
    • 1841 December,R[ichard] R[obert] Madden, “Address on Slavery in Cuba, Presented to the General Anti-slavery Convention”, inThe Churchman’s Monthly Review, London: R. B. Seeley and W. Burnside; and sold by L. and G. Seeley, [],→OCLC,page705:
      [A]lthough thouaverrest this, andaverrest it truly, we are nevertheless constrained to plead guilty to the possession of so much of this sensibility [a refusal to hear details] (call it "sickly" if thou wilt) as that they case once proved, our feeling of duty refuses to sustain us any longer against that combined and overwhelming influence of shattered nerves and a sickened heart.
Conjugation
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Conjugation ofaver
infinitive(to)aver
present tensepast tense
1st-personsingularaveraverred
2nd-personsingularaver,averrestaverred,averredst
3rd-personsingularavers,averrethaverred
pluralaver
subjunctiveaveraverred
imperativeaver
participlesaverringaverred
Synonyms
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Derived terms
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Related terms
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Translations
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to assert the truth of (something); to affirm (something) with confidence; to declare (something) in a positive manner
to prove or justify (an allegation or plea that one has made)

Etymology 2

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FromMiddle Englishaver,avere(workhorse; any beast of burden (?); things which are owned, possessions, property, wealth; state of being rich, wealth; ownership, possession) [and other forms],[2][3] and then either:

Pronunciation

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Noun

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aver (pluralavers)

  1. (British, dialectal, archaic) Abeast of burden; chiefly aworkhorse, but also aworkingox or otheranimal.
  2. (Northern England, Scotland, dialectal, archaic) Anold,uselesshorse; anag.

References

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  1. ^averren,v.”, inMED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.:University of Michigan,2007.
  2. 2.02.1āver,n.(1)”, inMED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.:University of Michigan,2007.
  3. ^avēr,n.(2)”, inMED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.:University of Michigan,2007.
  4. ^aver,n.”, inOED OnlinePaid subscription required, Oxford:Oxford University Press, March 2021.

Anagrams

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Franco-Provençal

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Verb

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aver(Old Dauphinois)

  1. Alternative form ofavêr(tohave)

References

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Italian

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Alternative forms

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Verb

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aver (apocopated)

  1. Apocopic form ofavere

Anagrams

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Ladino

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Etymology

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FromOld Spanishaver, fromLatinhabēre(hold, have).

Verb

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aver (Hebrew spellingאביר)

  1. tohave
  2. (impersonal, in third person singular only) toexist; “there is”, “there are” (ay); “there was”, “there were” (avia)

Middle English

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Etymology

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FromOld Frenchaver,aveir,avoir(possession, property; (collectively) beasts of burden; domestic animals; cattle) (modernFrenchavoir(asset, possession)), fromaveir,avoir(to have), fromLatinhabēre(to have, hold; to have, own (possessions)),[1] fromProto-Indo-European*gʰeh₁bʰ-, *ǵʰeh₁bʰ-(to grab, take). Cognate withMiddle Frenchavoir,Normanaver,aveir.

Noun

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aver (pluralavers)

  1. belongings,possessions,property,wealth

References

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  1. ^avēr,n.(2)”, inMED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.:University of Michigan,2007.

Norman

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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FromOld Frenchaveir, archaic form ofavoir, fromLatinhabēre(have, hold, possess).

Verb

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aver

  1. (Jersey, alternative form in Guernsey) tohave

Conjugation

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    Jersey Norman - Conjugation
infinitiveaver
gerundayant
auxiliaryaver
past participlemasculinefeminine
singularieu
plural
singularplural
1st person2nd person3rd person1st person2nd person3rd person
indicativejé (j')tu (tu')il (i'),
oulle (ou)
jé (j')ous (ou)il' (i')
presentaiasaavonsavezont
imperfectavaisavaisavaitavionsaviezavaient
preteriteeuseuseuteûnmeseûteseûtent
futureéthaiéthaséthaéthonséthezéthont
conditionaléthaiséthaiséthaitéthionséthiezéthaient
subjunctivequé j'qué tu'qu'il,
qu'oulle
qué j'qu'ousqu'il'
presentaieaiesaitayonsayizaient
imperfecteûsseeûsseseûsseeûssionseûssyizor eûssiezeûssent
imperativetu'j'ous
affirmativeaiayonsayizor ayez

Derived terms

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Occitan

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Etymology

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FromOld Occitanaver,haver, fromLatinhabēre(to have, hold, keep). Cognate withFrenchavoir,Italianavere,Portuguesehaver,Romanianavea,avere, andSardinian (Campidaneseairi,Logudoreseàere),Spanishhaber, andEnglishaver(borrowed via Old French).

Pronunciation

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Verb

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aver

  1. tohave; topossess
    Synonym:possedir
  2. (auxiliary) tohave

Conjugation

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    Lengadocian (Central Occitan)
simplecompound
infinitiveaveraver agut
gerundaventuse gerund ofaver + past participle
past participleagut
personsingularplural
firstsecondthirdfirstsecondthird
indicativeieutuelnosautresvosautreseles
presentaiasaavèmavètzan
imperfectaviáiaviásaviáaviamaviatzavián
preteriteaguèriaguèresaguètaguèremaguèretzaguèron
futureauraiauràsauràauremauretzauràn
conditionalauriáiauriásauriáauriamauriatzaurián
conditional 2nd form1aguèraaguèrasaguèraagueramagueratzaguèran
compound
tenses
present perfectuse the present tense ofaver + past participle
pluperfectuse the imperfect tense ofaver + past participle
past anterioruse the preterite tense ofaver + past participle
future perfectuse the future tense ofaver + past participle
conditional perfectuse the conditional tense ofaver + past participle
subjunctiveque ieuque tuque elque nosautresque vosautresque eles
presentajaajasajaajamajatzajan
imperfectaguèsseaguèssesaguèsseaguèssemaguèssetzaguèsson
compound
tenses
pastuse the present subjunctive ofaver + past participle
pluperfectuse the imperfect subjunctive ofaver + past participle
imperativetunosautresvosautres
ajaajamajatz1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

Derived terms

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Old French

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Verb

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aver

  1. Alternative form ofavoir

Noun

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averoblique singularm (oblique pluralavers,nominative singularavers,nominative pluralaver)

  1. Alternative form ofavoir
    • c.1150, Thomas d'Angleterre,Le Roman de Tristan, Champion Classiques edition,→ISBN, page216, line2832:
      de sesavers li volt mustrer.
      he wants to show his possessions to her.

Old Galician-Portuguese

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Inherited fromLatinhabēre(to have, to hold, to possess). Cognate withOld Spanish andOld Occitanaver,Old Frenchaveir.

Pronunciation

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  • (Galicia)IPA(key): /aˈβeɾ/
  • (Portugal)IPA(key): /aˈβeɾ/,/aˈveɾ/

Verb

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aver

  1. tohave
    Pedroa duas filhas.
    Pedrohas two daughters.
  2. toexist

Conjugation

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The templateTemplate:roa-opt-conj (aver) does not use the parameter(s):
1=2=haver
Please seeModule:checkparams for help with this warning.

Conjugation ofaver
infinitivesimpleaver
compoundinfinitive ofhaver1 + past participle
gerundsimpleavendo
compoundgerund ofhaver1 + past participle
past participlesingularplural
masculineavudo,avidoavudos,avidos
feminineavuda,avidaavudas,avidas
present participleaventeaventes
personsingularplural
firstsecondthirdfirstsecondthird
indicative moodeu
ei
tuel~ele
ela
vossa mercee
nos
nos outros
nos outras
vos
vos outros
vos outras
eles
elas
simple
tenses
presentei,ajoásá,aiavemosavedesan
imperfectaviaaviasaviaaviamos,avíamosaviades,avíadesavian
preteriteouve,oue,ouvemosouveste,ouviste, *ouvesche,ouvische, *ouveche, *ouvicheouve,ouvo, *oueouvemosouveronforon
pluperfectouveraouverasouveraouveramos,ouvéramosouverades,ouvéradesouveran
futureavereiaverásaveráaveremosaveredesaverán
conditionalaveriaaveriasaveriaaveriamos,averíamosaveriades,averíadesaverian
compound
tenses
present perfectpresent ofhaver1 + past participle
present imperfectimperfect ofhaver1 + past participle
past anteriorpreterite ofhaver1 + past participle
pluperfectsimple pluperfect ofhaver1 + past participle
future perfectfuture ofhaver1 + past participle
conditional perfectconditional ofhaver1 + past participle
subjunctive moodeu
ei
tuel~ele
ela
vossa mercee
nos
nos outros
nos outras
vos
vos outros
vos outras
eles
elas
simple
tenses
presentajaajasajaajamosajadesajan
imperfectouvesseouvessesouvesseouvessemos,ouvéssemosouvessedes,ouvéssedesouvessen
futureouver,oerouveresouver,ouer,oerouvermos,ouermosouverdesouveren,oueren
compound
tenses
present perfectpresent subjunctive ofhaver1 + past participle
pluperfectpreterite subjunctive ofhaver1 + past participle
future perfectfuture subjunctive ofhaver1 + past participle
imperative moodtuvossa merceenos
nos outros
nos outras
vos
vos outros
vos outras
affirmativeaveajaajamosavede
negativenonajasnonajanonajamosnonajades
personal infinitiveeu
ei
tuel~ele
ela
vossa mercee
nos
nos outros
nos outras
vos
vos outros
vos outras
eles
elas
averaveresaveravermosaverdesaveren
1Its alternative spelling,aver, can be used as well.

Descendants

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Further reading

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Old Occitan

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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FromLatinhabēre(to have, hold, keep). Cognate withOld Frenchavoir,aver,aveir,avoyr, OldSardinianavere, andOld Spanishaver.

Verb

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aver

  1. tohave; topossess

Descendants

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Old Spanish

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Etymology

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FromLatinhabēre(to have, hold, keep). Cognate withOld Frenchavoir,aver,aveir,avoyr, andOld Occitanaver,haver.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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aver

  1. tohave
    Pedroha dos fijas.
    Pedrohas two daughters.

Descendants

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Portuguese

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Verb

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aver (first-person singular present indicativeei,past participleavido)

  1. Obsolete spelling ofhaver.

Conjugation

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This verb needs aninflection-table template.

Noun

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aver m (pluralaveres)

  1. Obsolete spelling ofhaver.

Romani

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Inherited fromSauraseni Prakrit𑀅𑀯𑀭(avara), fromSanskritअपर(apara).

Adjective

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aver

  1. other

References

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  • Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “ápara”, inA Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press,page20
  • Boretzky, Norbert, Igla, Birgit (1994) “avér”, inWörterbuch Romani-Deutsch-Englisch für den südosteuropäischen Raum : mit einer Grammatik der Dialektvarianten [Romani-German-English dictionary for the Southern European region] (in German), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag,→ISBN, page14
  • Marcel Courthiade (2009) “aver B-ćham: -e”, in Melinda Rézműves, editor,Morri angluni rromane ćhibǎqi evroputni lavustik = Első rromani nyelvű európai szótáram : cigány, magyar, angol, francia, spanyol, német, ukrán, román, horvát, szlovák, görög [My First European-Romani Dictionary: Romani, Hungarian, English, French, Spanish, German, Ukrainian, Romanian, Croatian, Slovak, Greek] (overall work in Hungarian and English), Budapest: Fővárosi Onkormányzat Cigány Ház--Romano Kher,→ISBN, page68

Spanish

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Verb

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aver

  1. Obsolete spelling ofhaber.

Venetan

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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FromLatinhabēre.

Verb

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aver

  1. (transitive) tohave
  2. (transitive) topossess

Conjugation

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* Venetan conjugation varies from one region to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.

Conjugation ofaver (irregular)
infinitiveaver
auxiliary verbavergerundavéndo
past participlevùo,avudo,vudo,
personsingularplural
firstsecondthirdfirstsecondthird
indicativemitieło / ełanoialtri / noialtrevoialtri / voialtrełuri / łore
presentgo,ò(te)ghè, (te)ga(el/ła)ga, (el/ła)àavémo,gavémo,òn,avònavì(i/łe)ga, (i/łe)à
imperfectavéa,gavéa(te)avivi, (te)avevi(el/ła)avéa, (el/ła)gavéaavévimoavivi,avevi(i/łe)avéa, (i/łe)gavéa
futureavarò(te)avarè(el/ła)avaràavarémo,avarònavarè(i/łe)avarà
conditionalavarìa,averàve,gavaria(te)avarisi(el/ła)avarìa, (el/ła)averàve, (el/ła)gavariaavarìsimoavarisi(i/łe)avarìa, (i/łe)averàve, (i/łe)gavaria
subjunctiveche miche tiche eło / ełache noialtri / noialtreche voialtri / voialtreche łuri / łore
presentabia(te)abi(el/ła)abiaavémoavì(i/łe)abia
imperfectavése(te)avisi(el/ła)avéseavésimoavisi(i/łe)avése
imperativetieło / ełanoialtri / noialtrevoialtri / voialtrełuri / łore
(te)abi(el/ła)abiaavémoavì(i/łe)abia

References

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  • Silvano Belloni (2009)Grammatica Veneta [Venetan Grammar]‎[3] (in Italian), Esedra Editrice,→ISBN, page75
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