- ac(esp. before consonants)
- adque(about as common as the form with-t-)
Perhaps fromProto-Italic*at-kʷe orProto-Italic*ad-kʷe. The term may be cognate withUmbrian𐌀𐌐𐌄(ape), although De Vaan considers this uncertain due to the different meanings of the terms. Alternatively, may be fromad(“to”) +-que(“and”) or fromat(“yet, whereas”) +-que(“and”).[1]
atque
- and,andalso,andbesides,andtoo,andeven,and infact
Ad vimatque ad arma cōnfugere.- To resort to violenceand toarms.
habēmus pāpam – ēminentissimumac reverendissimum dominum[…]- We have a Pope – the Most Eminentand Most Reverend Lord […]
- (literally, “...the most outstanding and most to-be-revered...”)
29BCE – 19BCE,
Virgil,
Aeneid4.663:
- Dīxerat,atque illam mediā inter tālia, [...].
- [Dido] had spoken,and even in the midst of her [speech], during such [final words], [...].
63BCE,
Cicero,
Catiline OrationsOratio in Catilinam Prima in Senatu Habita.1:
- Quam diū quisquam erit quī tē dēfendēre audeat, vīvēs, et vīvēs ita ut nunc vīvis, multīs meīs et firmīs praesidiīs obsessus nē commōvēre tē contrā rem pūblicam possīs. Multōrum tē etiam oculī et aurēs nōn sentientem, sīcut adhūc fēcērunt, speculābunturatque custōdient.
- As long as one person exists who can dare to defend you, you shall live; but you shall live as you do now, surrounded by my many and trusty guards, so that you shall not be able to stir one finger against the republic: many people's eyes and ears shall still observeand watch you, as they have hitherto done, though you shall not perceive them.
- yet,nevertheless
- (after words expressing comparison)as,than
100BCE – 44BCE,
Julius Caesar,
Commentaries on the Civil War 3.51.4:
- […]alia enimsunt lēgātī partēsatque imperātōris[…]
- […] after all, the duties of the legate aren't the sameas those of the general […]
86BCE –c. 35BCE,
Sallust,
The War with Jugurtha 7.3.1:
- Sed ea rēs longē aliter,ac ratus erat, ēvēnit.
- But the result was far differentfrom what he had anticipated.
- Although there is much variation in manuscript spellings,atque is usually found in front of words beginning with a vowel orh whileac is more common before consonants.
- ^De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “ad”, inEtymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill,→ISBN,pages24, 59
- “atque”, inCharlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879),A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “atque”, inCharlton T. Lewis (1891),An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “atque”, inGaffiot, Félix (1934),Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894),Latin Phrase-Book[1], London:Macmillan and Co.
- more than once; repeatedly:semel atque iterum; iterum ac saepius; identidem; etiam atque etiam
- the spirit of the times, the fashion:saeculiconsuetudo orratio atque inclinatio temporis (temporum)
- to entreat earnestly; to make urgent requests:magno opere, vehementer, etiam atque etiam rogare aliquem
- to strain every nerve, do one's utmost in a matter:omni ope atque opera oromni virium contentione eniti, ut
- zealous pursuit of truth:veri inquisitio atque investigatio
- to have had practical experience:in rebus atque in usu versatum esse
- to have attained to a high degree of culture:omni vita atque victu excultum atque expolitum esse (Brut. 25. 95)
- the exalted strain of the speech:elatio atque altitudo orationis
- to be dear to some one:carum atque iucundum esse alicui
- something is contrary to my moral sense, goes against my principles:aliquid abhorret a meis moribus (opp.insitum [atque innatum] est animo orin animo alicuius)
- to have the good of the state at heart:omnia de re publica praeclara atque egregia sentire
- an impartial witness:testis incorruptus atque integer
- to carry off booty:ferre atque agerepraedam
- to ravage with fire and sword:omnia ferro ignique, ferro atque igni orferro flammaque vastare
- to surrender oneself to the discretion of some one:se permittere in fidem atque in potestatem alicuius (B. G. 2. 3)
- as if the victory were already won:sicut parta iam atque explorata victoria
- so much for this subject...; enough has been said on..:atque orsed haec (quidem) hactenus
- so much for this subject...; enough has been said on..:atque haec quidem de...
- there is this also to notice:atque etiam hoc animadvertendum est
- it is quite manifest:exstat atque eminet
- atque inRamminger, Johann (16 July 2016 (last accessed)),Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700[2], pre-publication website, 2005-2016
- De Vaan, Michiel (2008),Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill,→ISBN,page59
