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Fromaster +-oid, lit. "star-like".Coined byWilliam Herschel.
asteroid (pluralasteroids)
The term "asteroid" has never been precisely defined. It was coined for objects which looked like stars in a telescope but moved like planets. These were known from theasteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter, and were later found co-orbiting with Jupiter (Trojan asteroids) and within the orbit of Mars. They were naturally distinguished fromcomets, which did not look at all starlike. Starting in the 1970s, small non-cometary bodies were found outside the orbit of Jupiter, and usage became divided as to whether to call these "asteroids" as well. Some astronomers restrict the term "asteroid" to rocky or rocky-icy bodies with orbits up to Jupiter. They may retain the termplanetoid for all small bodies, and thus tend to use it for icy or rocky-icy bodies beyond Jupiter, or may use dedicated words such ascentaurs,Kuiper belt objects,transneptunian objects, etc. for the latter. Other astronomers use "asteroid" for all non-cometary bodies smaller than a planet, even large ones such asSedna and (occasionally)Pluto. However, the distinction between asteroid and comet is an artificial one; many outer "asteroids" would become comets if they ventured nearer the Sun. The IAU terminology since 2006 has beensmall Solar System body for any body that orbits the Sun directly and whose shape is not dominated by gravity.
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Borrowed fromAncient Greekἀστεροειδής(asteroeidḗs), fromἀστήρ(astḗr,“star”) +εἶδος(eîdos,“form”). Analyzable asaster- +-oid.Piecewise doublet ofetymology 1. Compare also the botanical taxonAsteroideae.
asteroid (pluralasteroids)
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | asteroid | asteroidy |
| genitive | asteroidu | asteroidů |
| dative | asteroidu | asteroidům |
| accusative | asteroid | asteroidy |
| vocative | asteroide | asteroidy |
| locative | asteroidu | asteroidech |
| instrumental | asteroidem | asteroidy |
(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)
asteroid (genitiveasteroidi,partitiveasteroidi)
| Declension ofasteroid (ÕS type22e/riik, length gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | asteroid | asteroidid | |
| accusative | nom. | ||
| gen. | asteroidi | ||
| genitive | asteroidide | ||
| partitive | asteroidi | asteroide asteroidisid | |
| illative | asteroidi asteroidisse | asteroididesse asteroidesse | |
| inessive | asteroidis | asteroidides asteroides | |
| elative | asteroidist | asteroididest asteroidest | |
| allative | asteroidile | asteroididele asteroidele | |
| adessive | asteroidil | asteroididel asteroidel | |
| ablative | asteroidilt | asteroididelt asteroidelt | |
| translative | asteroidiks | asteroidideks asteroideks | |
| terminative | asteroidini | asteroidideni | |
| essive | asteroidina | asteroididena | |
| abessive | asteroidita | asteroidideta | |
| comitative | asteroidiga | asteroididega | |
astéroid (pluralasteroid-asteroid)
| singular | plural | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | ||
| nominative-accusative | asteroid | asteroidul | asteroizi | asteroizii | |
| genitive-dative | asteroid | asteroidului | asteroizi | asteroizilor | |
| vocative | asteroidule | asteroizilor | |||
asteròīd m inan (Cyrillic spellingастеро̀ӣд)
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | asteròīd | asteroidi |
| genitive | asteroída | asteroida |
| dative | asteroidu | asteroidima |
| accusative | asteroid | asteroide |
| vocative | asteroide | asteroidi |
| locative | asteroidu | asteroidima |
| instrumental | asteroidom | asteroidima |
 | Thediacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks. |
| Masculine inan., hard o-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nom. sing. | asteroȋd | ||
| gen. sing. | asteroȋda | ||
| singular | dual | plural | |
| nominative (imenovȃlnik) | asteroȋd | asteroȋda | asteroȋdi |
| genitive (rodȋlnik) | asteroȋda | asteroȋdov | asteroȋdov |
| dative (dajȃlnik) | asteroȋdu | asteroȋdoma | asteroȋdom |
| accusative (tožȋlnik) | asteroȋd | asteroȋda | asteroȋde |
| locative (mẹ̑stnik) | asteroȋdu | asteroȋdih | asteroȋdih |
| instrumental (orọ̑dnik) | asteroȋdom | asteroȋdoma | asteroȋdi |
asteroid c
| nominative | genitive | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | indefinite | asteroid | asteroids |
| definite | asteroiden | asteroidens | |
| plural | indefinite | asteroider | asteroiders |
| definite | asteroiderna | asteroidernas |
