arriver (pluralarrivers)
Inherited fromMiddle Frencharriver, fromOld Frenchariver, fromEarly Medieval Latinadrīpāre. Synchronicallya- +rive +-er.
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arriver
| infinitive | simple | arriver | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | être + past participle | ||||||
| present participle orgerund1 | simple | arrivant /a.ʁi.vɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | étant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | arrivé /a.ʁi.ve/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | arrive /a.ʁiv/ | arrives /a.ʁiv/ | arrive /a.ʁiv/ | arrivons /a.ʁi.vɔ̃/ | arrivez /a.ʁi.ve/ | arrivent /a.ʁiv/ |
| imperfect | arrivais /a.ʁi.vɛ/ | arrivais /a.ʁi.vɛ/ | arrivait /a.ʁi.vɛ/ | arrivions /a.ʁi.vjɔ̃/ | arriviez /a.ʁi.vje/ | arrivaient /a.ʁi.vɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | arrivai /a.ʁi.ve/ | arrivas /a.ʁi.va/ | arriva /a.ʁi.va/ | arrivâmes /a.ʁi.vam/ | arrivâtes /a.ʁi.vat/ | arrivèrent /a.ʁi.vɛʁ/ | |
| future | arriverai /a.ʁi.vʁe/ | arriveras /a.ʁi.vʁa/ | arrivera /a.ʁi.vʁa/ | arriverons /a.ʁi.vʁɔ̃/ | arriverez /a.ʁi.vʁe/ | arriveront /a.ʁi.vʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | arriverais /a.ʁi.vʁɛ/ | arriverais /a.ʁi.vʁɛ/ | arriverait /a.ʁi.vʁɛ/ | arriverions /a.ʁi.və.ʁjɔ̃/ | arriveriez /a.ʁi.və.ʁje/ | arriveraient /a.ʁi.vʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative ofêtre + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative ofêtre + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic ofêtre + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future ofêtre + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional ofêtre + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | arrive /a.ʁiv/ | arrives /a.ʁiv/ | arrive /a.ʁiv/ | arrivions /a.ʁi.vjɔ̃/ | arriviez /a.ʁi.vje/ | arrivent /a.ʁiv/ |
| imperfect2 | arrivasse /a.ʁi.vas/ | arrivasses /a.ʁi.vas/ | arrivât /a.ʁi.va/ | arrivassions /a.ʁi.va.sjɔ̃/ | arrivassiez /a.ʁi.va.sje/ | arrivassent /a.ʁi.vas/ | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive ofêtre + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive ofêtre + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | arrive /a.ʁiv/ | — | arrivons /a.ʁi.vɔ̃/ | arrivez /a.ʁi.ve/ | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative ofêtre + past participle | — | simple imperative ofêtre + past participle | simple imperative ofêtre + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the prepositionen. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995],Master the Basics: French, pp.77,78,79,81). | |||||||
FromOld Frenchariver.
arriver
| infinitive | simple | arriver | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | estre + past participle | ||||||
| present participle1 orgerund2 | simple | arrivant | |||||
| compound | present participle or gerund ofestre + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | arrivé | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | ie (i’) | tu | il, elle | nous | vous | ilz, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | arrive | arrives | arrive | arrivons | arrivez | arrivent |
| imperfect | arrivois,arrivoys | arrivois,arrivoys | arrivoit,arrivoyt | arrivions,arrivyons | arriviez,arrivyez | arrivoient,arrivoyent | |
| past historic | arriva | arrivas | arriva | arrivasmes | arrivastes | arriverent | |
| future | arriverai,arriveray | arriveras | arrivera | arriverons | arriverez | arriveront | |
| conditional | arriverois,arriveroys | arriverois,arriveroys | arriveroit,arriveroyt | arriverions,arriveryons | arriveriez,arriveryez | arriveroient,arriveroyent | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative ofestre + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative ofestre + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | past historic ofestre + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future ofestre + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional ofestre + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que ie (i’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ilz, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | arrive | arrives | arrive | arrivons | arrivez | arrivent |
| imperfect | arrivasse | arrivasses | arrivast | arrivassions | arrivassiez | arrivassent | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive ofestre + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive ofestre + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | arrive | — | arrivons | arrivez | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative ofestre + past participle | — | simple imperative ofestre + past participle | simple imperative ofestre + past participle | — | |
| 1 The present participle was variable in gender and number until the 17th century (Anne Sancier-Château [1995],Une esthétique nouvelle: Honoré d'Urfé, correcteur de l'Astrée, p.179). TheFrench Academy would eventually declare it not to be declined in 1679. | |||||||
| 2 The gerund was held to be invariable by grammarians of the early 17th century, and was usable with prepositionen, as inModern French, although the preposition was not mandatory (Anne Sancier-Château [1995],op. cit., p.180). | |||||||
Inherited fromEarly Medieval Latinadrīpāre. Synchronicallya- +rive +-er.
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arriver
