FromMiddle English an- Old English an- on- ( “ on- ” ) , fromProto-West Germanic *ana- Proto-Germanic *ana- ( “ on ” ) . More aton
an-
Alternative form ofon- .an comean ealan entFromAncient Greek ἀν- ( an- ) . Doublet ofun- andin- .
an-
not ; used to make words that have a sense opposite to the word (or stem) to which the prefix is attached. Used with stems that begin with vowels and "h".Without ,lacking .an oxia( without oxygen ) ,an androus( without male parts )
FromAncient Greek ἀνα- ( ana- ) , fromἀνά ( aná ,“ on, up, above, throughout ” ) .Doublet ofon-
an-
Alternative form ofana- .an-
alternative form ofãn- am- labial )an-
Subject prefix for verbs; it indicates that the subject is second-person plural ;you ,you all .FromProto-Brythonic *an- Proto-Celtic *an- Welsh an-
an-
un- ,non- Synonyms: di- dis- heb on- an- + galladow ( “ possible ” ) → analladow ( “ impossible ” ) an- + dien ( “ complete ” ) → andhien ( “ incomplete ” ) Triggers soft mutation ofb, d, and g . Akademi Kernewek Gerlyver Kernewek (FSS) Cornish Dictionary (SWF) (in Cornish),2018 , published2018 , page11 FromAncient Greek ἀ- ( a- ) (ἀν- ( an- ) immediately preceding a vowel).
an-
an- FromAncient Greek ἀ- ( a- ) (ἀν- ( an- ) immediately preceding a vowel).
an-
an- Not , without, opposite ofan-
in- ,an- alternative form ofa- before a vowel or h From the prepositionan Middle High German an(e) Proto-West Germanic *ana Proto-Germanic *ana Dutch aan- English on-
IPA (key ) : /an/ ,[ʔan] IPA (key ) : /aːn/ ( still sometimes Austria, Switzerland; in Germany now highly archaic ) an-
onto ,at ,towards (the object)an- + schrauben ( “ to screw ” ) → anschrauben ( “ to screw on, attach by screwing ” ) an- + schreien ( “ to shout ” ) → anschreien ( “ to shout at ” ) an- + bauen ( “ to build ” ) → anbauen ( “ to attach, expand, build next to ” ) near ,over ,towards (the subject)Synonyms: her- herbei- Antonyms: ab- weg- fort- an- + ziehen ( “ to pull ” ) → anziehen ( “ to attract, pull towards one ” ) an- + kaufen ( “ to buy ” ) → ankaufen ( “ to buy so as to form a stock, buy up ” ) expresses a beginning, partial or slight action Antonyms: durch- fertig -weg- an- + knabbern ( “ to nibble ” ) → anknabbern ( “ to nibble part of, start to nibble ” ) an- + braten ( “ to fry ” ) → anbraten ( “ to sear, fry outwardly or slightly ” ) an- + zahlen ( “ to pay ” ) → anzahlen ( “ to pay down, pay part of ” ) on ,in use Antonym: aus- an- + stellen ( “ to put ” ) → anstellen ( “ to turn on ” ) Also occurs in many nouns, but these are generallydeverbal . FromAncient Greek ἀ- ( a- ) (ἀν- ( an- ) immediately preceding a vowel), fromProto-Indo-European *n̥- ( “ un-, not ” ) ,zero-grade form of*né ( “ not ” ) .
an-
forming words with the sense of negation,an- Froman ( “ at, on ” ) .
an-
at ,on FromOld Irish an- Proto-Celtic *an- Proto-Indo-European *n̥-
ana- ( form used before consonants in Munster ) an-
( with adjectives, always spelled with a hyphen ) very Synonyms: fíor- rí- ( with adjectives ) over- ,excessively ,intensely ( with nouns ) great ,excessive In some dialects (e.g. Aran), it also changess tots : an- + saor an-tsaor ( “ very cheap ” ) (standard forman-saor )In Munster, this form is used only before a vowel; before a consonant the variantana- FromOld Irish an- ,in- Proto-Celtic *an- Proto-Indo-European *n̥-
ain- ( used before slender vowels and consonants ) an- (usually spelled without a hyphen )
in- ,un- ,not bad ,unnatural FromAncient Greek ἀν- ( an- ) .
an-
an- ( not ) FromOld Irish an- Proto-Celtic *sani ( “ apart ” ) , fromProto-Indo-European *sn̥Hi
an-
denoting a movement away from some reference point, used to form adverbs of place , for exampleanuas ( “ from above ” ) Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904 ), “an- ”, inFoclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla page27 Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904 ), “an ”, inFoclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla page27 Finck, F. N. (1899 ),Die araner mundart The Aran Dialect Second volume: Dictionary ], Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page16 Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977 ), “an- ”, inFoclóir Gaeilge–Béarla , Dublin: An Gúm,→ISBN an-
alternative form ofa- indicating lack or loss From the prepositionan Proto-Germanic *in German ein- English in-
an-
in- (indicates physical or metaphorical motion into something)When attached to a verb stem beginning with a consonant sound other than /d/, /h/, /n/, /t/ or /t͡s/, the prefix becomesa- as a result of theEifeler Regel . an-
prefix element ofan- -ana an-
alternative form ofen- FromProto-Brythonic *an- Proto-Celtic *an- Proto-Indo-European *n̥-
an-
un- ,not FromProto-West Germanic *aina- Proto-Germanic *aina- ( “ one, uni- ” ) , equivalent to Old Englishān ( “ one ” ) .
ān-
one ;mono- ,uni- ān- +-hende ( “ handed ” ) →ānhende ( “ one-handed ” ) ān- +horn ( “ horn ” ) →ānhorn ( “ unicorn ” ) ān- +-īeġe ( “ -eyed ” ) →ānīeġe ( “ one-eyed ” ) ān- +-mōd ( “ -minded ” ) →ānmōd ( “ unanimous ” ) ān- +-nes ( “ -ness ” ) →ānnes ( “ unity ” ) ān- +wīġ ( “ battle ” ) →ānwīġ ( “ duel ” ) ān- +-wille ( “ -willed ” ) →ānwille ( “ stubborn ” ) ān- +-wintre ( “ years old ” ) →ānwintre ( “ one year old ” ) lone ,alone ān- +*genġa ( “ walker ” ) →āngenġa ( “ loner ” ) ān- +*setla ( “ settler ” ) →ānsetla ( “ hermit ” ) an-
alternative form ofen- FromProto-Celtic *an- Proto-Indo-European *n̥- Old English un- Latin in- Ancient Greek ἀ- ( a- ) .
an-
un- ,not bad Uncertain. Maybe related to Welshen- ande- Andecarus ( literally“ very dear ” ) andAnderoudus ( literally“ very red ” ) .[ 1] an- ( “ un- ” ) byDIL (see Further reading).
an-
very FromProto-Celtic *sani ( “ apart ” ) , fromProto-Indo-European *sn̥Hi [ 2] Latin sine ( “ without ” ) .[ 3] [ 4] Doublet ofsain- ( “ different, special ” ) .[ 5]
an-
denoting a movement away from some reference point, used to form adverbs of place , for exampleanúas ( “ from above ” ) ^ Vendryes, Joseph (1959 ), “an- , particule intensive”, inLexique étymologique de l’irlandais ancien [Etymological lexicon of Old Irish A-70 ^ Hamp, Eric (1982 ), “Ad ZCP 37, 170-73 ”, inZeitschrift für celtische Philologie , volume39 , number 1,→DOI →ISSN 219 ^ Hamp, Eric (1986 ), “Varia II”, inÉriu , volume37 , Royal Irish Academy,→ISSN →JSTOR 183–184 ^ Schumacher, Stefan (2022 ), “The Development of Proto-Celtic *au in British Celtic”, in Simon Rodway, Jenny Rowland, Erich Poppe, editors,Celts, Gaels, and Britons: Studies in Language and Literature from Antiquity to the Middle Ages in Honour of Patrick Sims-Williams (Medieval Texts and Cultures of Northern Europe), Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols,→ISBN 201 ^ Dunkel, George E. (2014 ), “*sń ‘enfemt, getrennt, abseits; ohne’”, inLexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme Lexicon of Indo-European Particles and Pronominal Stems →ISBN 712 Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019 ), “an- ”, ineDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language (Negative prefix:)Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940 ) [1909 ],D. A. Binchy andOsborn Bergin , transl.,A Grammar of Old Irish , Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, translation ofHandbuch des Alt-Irischen →ISBN § 869-72 , pages542-44 ; reprinted2017 (Adverbs of place:)Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940 ) [1909 ],D. A. Binchy andOsborn Bergin , transl.,A Grammar of Old Irish , Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, translation ofHandbuch des Alt-Irischen →ISBN § 483 , page305 ; reprinted2017 an-
alternative form ofa- used before words beginning with vowelsPali Text Society (1921–1925 ), “an- ”, inPali-English Dictionary , London: Chipstead an-
( personal ) you , second-person plural subject marker.An tekitit tik ne mil?Doyou work at the cornfield? Before a vowel,an- changes toanh - [ŋ] . Example: Anh ajsiket peyna.You came early.Pipil verb subject markers singular plural 1st person ni- ti- 2nd person ti- shi- an- shi- 3rd person - -
an-
alternative form ofa- an- in Polish dictionaries at PWNFromOld Frisian an- Proto-West Germanic *ana- West Frisian oan- German an-
an-
combining form ofan FromOld Irish an-
an-
un- ,anti- bad ,unnatural an-
Used toemphasise theroot . IPA (key ) : /an/ [ãn] Syllabification:an- an-
an- From theOld Swedish and-
an-
against ,towards Inherited fromProto-Italic *ana- Proto-Indo-European *h₂en-
an- ( lateIguvine )
alternative form of𐌀𐌍- ( an- ) Inherited fromProto-Italic *ən- Proto-Indo-European *n̥-
an- ( earlyIguvine )
alternative form of𐌀- ( a- ) Buck, Carl Darling (1904 ),A Grammar of Oscan and Umbrian: With a Collection of Inscriptions and a Glossary Poultney, James Wilson (1959 ),The Bronze Tables of Iguvium [1] De Vaan, Michiel (2008 ),Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill,→ISBN pages36-37 FromMiddle Welsh an- Proto-Brythonic *an- Proto-Celtic *an- Proto-Indo-European *n̥- [ 1] Cornish an-
an-
not ,un- ,non- ,an- ,dis- ,negative prefix Synonym: ( used beforegl ,ll ,rh , and consonantali ) af- an- + parch ( “ respect ” ) → amarch ( “ disrespect ” ) an- + prisiadwy ( “ valuable ” ) → amhrisiadwy ( “ invaluable ” ) an- + teg ( “ fair ” ) → annheg ( “ unfair ” ) an- + cofio ( “ to remember ” ) → anghofio ( “ to forget ” ) an- + diwedd ( “ end ” ) → anniwedd ( “ endless ” ) an- + gwybod ( “ to know ” ) → anwybod ( “ ignorance ” ) an- + mantais ( “ advantage ” ) → anfantais ( “ disadvantage ” ) Triggers thenasal mutation ofp ,t ,c andd , sometimes with accompanying euphonic or orthographic adjustments, and thesoft mutation ofb ,g andm .
FromProto-Celtic *ande- *ando- ( “ inside ” ) .
an- ( not productive )
intensive prefix in- ,inside ,inward Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke,et al. , editors (1950–present), “an- ”, inGeiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
Variant orthographies ALIV an- Brazilian standard an- New Tribes an-
an-
allomorph ofön- ( negative/sociative irrealis prefix ) used for stems that begin witha ore 
