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alibi

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

See also:Alibiandálibi

English

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Etymology

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From the 18th century, fromLatinalibī(“elsewhere, at another place”,adverb). Probably afterFrenchalibi, which has this use since the late 14th century.

Pronunciation

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(US)IPA^(key): /ˈæl.ə.baɪ/
Audio(US): (file)

Noun

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alibi (pluralalibis)

(law) Theplea or mode ofdefense under which a person on trial for a crime proves or attempts to prove being in another place when thealleged act was committed.
to set up analibi
to prove analibi
- 1959, Danny Dill and Marijohn Wilkin, “Long Black Veil”:
  The judge said, “Son, what is youralibi? If you were somewhere else, then you won’t have to die.”
- 1988,Criminal Law Deskbook,→ISBN:
  Alibi is different from all of the other defenses . . . it is based upon the premise that the defendant is truly innocent.
(sometimes proscribed) Anexcuse, especially one used to avoidresponsibility orblame.
- 1984,Jocelyn Brown, “Somebody Else's Guy”, inSomebody Else's Guy:
  That day in September, I'm sure you can remember / That's when all the stuff hit the fan (the stuff hit the fan) / You told me a lie, and you didn't have analibi / But baby, yet I still cared

Usage notes

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A very goodalibi might be described e.g. asperfect,watertight,airtight,solid oriron-clad. A bad alibi may be said to beimplausible orpaper-thin or to nothold/tread water.
Some arguealibi should not be used colloquially to meanan explanation or excuse to avoid blame or justify action, since this sense is unrelated to the word's original meaning ofelsewhere.

Derived terms

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Translations

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criminal legal defense

Arabic:دَفْع بِالْغَائِبَة m(dafʕ bi-l-ḡāʔiba),حُجَّة غِيَاب f(ḥujja(t) ḡiyāb)
Armenian:ալիբի (hy)(alibi),այլուրեքություն (hy)(aylurekʻutʻyun)
Belarusian:а́лібі n(álibi)
Catalan:coartada,àlibi (ca)
Chinese:
Mandarin:不在場證明 /不在场证明 (zh)(bùzàichǎng zhèngmíng)
Czech:alibi (cs) n
Danish:alibi (da)
Dutch:alibi (nl) n
Esperanto:alibio
Finnish:alibi (fi)
French:alibi (fr) m
German:Alibi (de) n
Greek:άλλοθι (el) n(állothi)
Hungarian:alibi (hu)
Icelandic:fjarvistarsönnun (is) f
Indonesian:alibi (id)
Italian:alibi (it) m
Japanese:アリバイ (ja)(aribai),現場不在証明(げんじょうふざいしょうめい, genjōfuzaishōmei)
Kannada:ಅಲಿಬಿ(alibi)
Korean:알리바이 (ko)(allibai),알리비(allibi),현장부재증명(現場不在證明)(hyeonjangbujaejeungmyeong)
Lao:ຫຼັກຖານທີ່ຢູ່(lak thān thī yū)
Marathi:अन्यत्र उपस्थिति(anyatra upasthiti)
Norwegian:alibi (no)
Polish:alibi (pl) n
Portuguese:álibi (pt) m
Russian:а́либи (ru) n(álibi)
Serbo-Croatian:alibi m
Slovak:alibi n
Spanish:coartada (es) f
Swedish:alibi (sv) n
Thai:หลักฐานที่อยู่
Ukrainian:а́лібі (uk) n(álibi)

excuse

Arabic:عُذْر m(ʕuḏr)
Chinese:
Mandarin:藉口 /借口 (zh)(jièkǒu)
Danish:please add this translation if you can
Finnish:veruke (fi)
German:Alibi (de) n,Rechtfertigung (de) f,Ausrede (de) f,Entschuldigung (de) f
Greek:άλλοθι (el) n(állothi),δικαιολογία (el) f(dikaiología)
Italian:alibi (it) m
Polish:alibi (pl) n
Portuguese:desculpa (pt) f
Spanish:excusa (es) f

Verb

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alibi (third-person singular simple presentalibisoralibies,present participlealibiing,simple past and past participlealibied)

(transitive) Toprovide analibi for.
(transitive) Toprovide anexcuse for.

Anagrams

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baili

Danish

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Etymology

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FromLatinalibī.

Noun

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alibi n (singular definitealibiet,plural indefinitealibier)

(law)alibi
(by extension)excuse,justification

Declension

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Declension ofalibi
neuter gender	singular		plural
neuter gender	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	alibi	alibiet	alibier	alibierne
genitive	alibis	alibiets	alibiers	alibiernes

References

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“alibi” inDen Danske Ordbog

Dutch

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromLatinalibī.

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /ˈaː.liˌbi/
Audio: (file)
Hyphenation:ali‧bi

Noun

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alibi n or m (pluralalibi's,diminutivealibietje n)

[[]]alibi

Descendants

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→ Indonesian:alibi

Finnish

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromLatinalibi.

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /ˈɑlibi/,[ˈɑ̝libi]
Rhymes:-ɑlibi
Syllabification^(key):a‧li‧bi
Hyphenation^(key):ali‧bi

Noun

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alibi

alibi

Declension

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Inflection ofalibi (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation)
nominative		alibi	alibit
genitive		alibin	alibien
partitive		alibia	alibeja
illative		alibiin	alibeihin
		singular	plural
nominative		alibi	alibit
accusative	nom.	alibi	alibit
accusative	gen.	alibin	alibit
genitive		alibin	alibien
partitive		alibia	alibeja
inessive		alibissa	alibeissa
elative		alibista	alibeista
illative		alibiin	alibeihin
adessive		alibilla	alibeilla
ablative		alibilta	alibeilta
allative		alibille	alibeille
essive		alibina	alibeina
translative		alibiksi	alibeiksi
abessive		alibitta	alibeitta
instructive		—	alibein
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms ofalibi(Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		alibini	alibini
accusative	nom.	alibini	alibini
accusative	gen.	alibini	alibini
genitive		alibini	alibieni
partitive		alibiani	alibejani
inessive		alibissani	alibeissani
elative		alibistani	alibeistani
illative		alibiini	alibeihini
adessive		alibillani	alibeillani
ablative		alibiltani	alibeiltani
allative		alibilleni	alibeilleni
essive		alibinani	alibeinani
translative		alibikseni	alibeikseni
abessive		alibittani	alibeittani
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	alibeineni

second-person singular possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		alibisi	alibisi
accusative	nom.	alibisi	alibisi
accusative	gen.	alibisi	alibisi
genitive		alibisi	alibiesi
partitive		alibiasi	alibejasi
inessive		alibissasi	alibeissasi
elative		alibistasi	alibeistasi
illative		alibiisi	alibeihisi
adessive		alibillasi	alibeillasi
ablative		alibiltasi	alibeiltasi
allative		alibillesi	alibeillesi
essive		alibinasi	alibeinasi
translative		alibiksesi	alibeiksesi
abessive		alibittasi	alibeittasi
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	alibeinesi

first-person plural possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		alibimme	alibimme
accusative	nom.	alibimme	alibimme
accusative	gen.	alibimme	alibimme
genitive		alibimme	alibiemme
partitive		alibiamme	alibejamme
inessive		alibissamme	alibeissamme
elative		alibistamme	alibeistamme
illative		alibiimme	alibeihimme
adessive		alibillamme	alibeillamme
ablative		alibiltamme	alibeiltamme
allative		alibillemme	alibeillemme
essive		alibinamme	alibeinamme
translative		alibiksemme	alibeiksemme
abessive		alibittamme	alibeittamme
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	alibeinemme

second-person plural possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		alibinne	alibinne
accusative	nom.	alibinne	alibinne
accusative	gen.	alibinne	alibinne
genitive		alibinne	alibienne
partitive		alibianne	alibejanne
inessive		alibissanne	alibeissanne
elative		alibistanne	alibeistanne
illative		alibiinne	alibeihinne
adessive		alibillanne	alibeillanne
ablative		alibiltanne	alibeiltanne
allative		alibillenne	alibeillenne
essive		alibinanne	alibeinanne
translative		alibiksenne	alibeiksenne
abessive		alibittanne	alibeittanne
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	alibeinenne

third-person possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		alibinsa	alibinsa
accusative	nom.	alibinsa	alibinsa
accusative	gen.	alibinsa	alibinsa
genitive		alibinsa	alibiensa
partitive		alibiaan alibiansa	alibejaan alibejansa
inessive		alibissaan alibissansa	alibeissaan alibeissansa
elative		alibistaan alibistansa	alibeistaan alibeistansa
illative		alibiinsa	alibeihinsa
adessive		alibillaan alibillansa	alibeillaan alibeillansa
ablative		alibiltaan alibiltansa	alibeiltaan alibeiltansa
allative		alibilleen alibillensa	alibeilleen alibeillensa
essive		alibinaan alibinansa	alibeinaan alibeinansa
translative		alibikseen alibiksensa	alibeikseen alibeiksensa
abessive		alibittaan alibittansa	alibeittaan alibeittansa
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	alibeineen alibeinensa

French

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alibi m (pluralalibisor(archaic)alibi)

alibi

Hungarian

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Etymology

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Internationalism chiefly viaGermanAlibi(“alibi”), fromLatinalibī(“elsewhere, at another place”). First attested in 1839.^[1]

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): [ˈɒlibi]
Hyphenation:ali‧bi
Rhymes:-bi

Noun

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alibi (pluralalibik)

alibi(plea or mode of defense under which a person on trial for a crime proves or attempts to prove being in another place when the alleged act was committed)
alibi(excuse, especially one used to avoid responsibility or blame)
Synonyms:kibúvó,mentség,ürügy

Declension

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Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, front unrounded harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	alibi	alibik
accusative	alibit	alibiket
dative	alibinek	alibiknek
instrumental	alibivel	alibikkel
causal-final	alibiért	alibikért
translative	alibivé	alibikké
terminative	alibiig	alibikig
essive-formal	alibiként	alibikként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	alibiben	alibikben
superessive	alibin	alibiken
adessive	alibinél	alibiknél
illative	alibibe	alibikbe
sublative	alibire	alibikre
allative	alibihez	alibikhez
elative	alibiből	alibikből
delative	alibiről	alibikről
ablative	alibitől	alibiktől
non-attributive possessive – singular	alibié	alibiké
non-attributive possessive – plural	alibiéi	alibikéi

Possessive forms ofalibi
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	alibim	alibijeim (oralibiim)
2nd person sing.	alibid	alibijeid (oralibiid)
3rd person sing.	alibije	alibijei (oralibii)
1st person plural	alibink	alibijeink (oralibiink)
2nd person plural	alibitek	alibijeitek (oralibiitek)
3rd person plural	alibijük	alibijeik (oralibiik)

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	alibi	alibik
accusative	alibit	alibikat
dative	alibinak	alibiknak
instrumental	alibival	alibikkal
causal-final	alibiért	alibikért
translative	alibivá	alibikká
terminative	alibiig	alibikig
essive-formal	alibiként	alibikként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	alibiban	alibikban
superessive	alibin	alibikon
adessive	alibinál	alibiknál
illative	alibiba	alibikba
sublative	alibira	alibikra
allative	alibihoz	alibikhoz
elative	alibiból	alibikból
delative	alibiról	alibikról
ablative	alibitól	alibiktól
non-attributive possessive – singular	alibié	alibiké
non-attributive possessive – plural	alibiéi	alibikéi

Possessive forms ofalibi
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	alibim	alibijaim (oralibiim)
2nd person sing.	alibid	alibijaid (oralibiid)
3rd person sing.	alibija	alibijai (oralibii)
1st person plural	alibink	alibijaink (oralibiink)
2nd person plural	alibitok	alibijaitok (oralibiitok)
3rd person plural	alibijuk	alibijaik (oralibiik)

Derived terms

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alibizik

References

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^alibi in Károly Gerstner, editor,Új magyar etimológiai szótár [New Etymological Dictionary of Hungarian] (ÚESz.), Online edition (beta version), Budapest: MTA Research Institute for Linguistics /Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics, 2011–2025.

Indonesian

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IndonesianWikipedia has an article on:

alibi

Wikipedia^id

Etymology

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Borrowed fromDutchalibi, fromLatinalibī(“elsewhere, at another place”).

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): [ˈali.bi]
Hyphenation:ali‧bi

Noun

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alibi (pluralalibi-alibi)

alibi:
1. (law) the plea or mode of defense under which a person on trial for a crime proves or attempts to prove being in another place when the alleged act was committed
2. (slang)excuse
  Synonym:alasan

Italian

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromLatinalibi.

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /ˈa.li.bi/
Rhymes:-alibi
Hyphenation:à‧li‧bi

Noun

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alibi m (invariable)

alibi

Anagrams

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Libia,abili,bilia

Latin

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Alternative forms

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aliubi(rare)

Etymology

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Fromalius(“other, another”) +‎ibī.

Pronunciation

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(Classical Latin)IPA^(key): [ˈa.lɪ.biː]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)IPA^(key): [ˈaː.li.bi]

Adverb

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alibī (notcomparable)

elsewhere,somewhere else

Related terms

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Latin correlatives^(edit)

type	demonstrative			realis			irrealis		interrogative				indefinite					alternative
type	proximal	medial	distal	anaphoric	identity	affirmative	conditional	negative		indefinite	irrelative / emphatic	relative		irrelative	free choice	universal	negative polarity	alternative
basic	hic	iste istic	ille illic	is	ipse īdem	quisquidem	sīquis	nēquisquam nēmō nihil nūllus	numquis	ecquis ecquī ecquisnam ecquīnam	quisnam quīnam	quis quī	quisquis quīcumque	quīdam aliquis,quis aliquī,quī quispiam	quīvis quīlibet	quisque	quisquam ūllus °aliquisquam	alius
comparative	huiusmodī huiuscemodī	istī̆usmodī	illī̆usmodī	eiusmodī	eiusdemmodī		sīcuiusmodī	nēcuiusquammodī	numcuiusmodī		cuiusnammodī	cuiusmodī	cuiusmodīcumque	alicuiusmodī cuiusdammodī	cuiusvīsmodī	cuiusquemodī	cuiusquammodī	alterī̆usmodī
dual								neuter			uternam	uter	utercumque	alteruter	utervīs uterlibet	uterque		alter
place	hīc	istīc	illīc	ibī̆	ibī̆dem		sīcubī	nusquam nūllibī			ubinam	ubī̆	ubī̆cumque ubiubī̆	alicubī̆ uspiam	ubivīs ubilibet	ubīque	usquam	alibī aliās
source	hinc	ºistim istinc	ºillim illinc	ºim inde īnsecus	indidem		sīcunde	°nūllunde			undenam	ºcum unde	undecumque undeunde	alicunde	°undelibet	undique	°undiquam	aliunde
destination	hūc hōc °hōrsum	istūc istōc °istōrsum	illūc illōc °illōrsum	eō	eōdem	quōquidem	sīquō	nusquam °nūllōrsum	numquō	ecquō	quōnam	quō quōrsum	quōcumque quōquō °quōrsumcumque	aliquō quōpiam °aliquōvorsum	quōvīs quōlibet	quōque	quōquam	aliō aliōrsum
means, way, path, place	hāc	istāc	illāc	eā	eādem	quāquidem	sīquā	nēquāquam haudquāquam	numquā	ecquā	quānam	quā	quācumque quāquā	aliquā	quāvīs quālibet	quāque	°quāquam ūllā	aliā
distance	hāctenus	°istātenus °istāctenus	°illātenus °illāctenus	eātenus				nūllātenus		°ecquātenus	°quātenusnam	quātenus	°quātenuscumque °quāquātenus	aliquātenus quādantenus	°quātenusvīs °quātenuslibet		ūllātenus	aliātenus
reason	°hācpropter °hōccircā	°istāpropter	°illāpropter	eāpropter eōcircā				°nullāpropter °nullōcircā				cūr quāpropter quōcircā quārē	°quāproptercumque	°quādampropter		°quōquecircā		°aliāpropter
manner	hōcmodō	istōmodō	illōmodō	ita sīc eōmodō	item itidem	quidem	sīquī	nihil nihilō neutiquam °neutī̆que nēquīquam nē quidem nūllōmodō	numquī	ecquī	utinam	ut prout quī quōmodō quōmodo quemadmodum quiter quārē	utcumque utut proutcumque quōmodocumque °quemadmodumcumque	quī quōdammodō aliquōmodō	quōmodolibet	utīque	°utiquam °quīquam ūllōmodō	aliter aliōquī alterō/aliōmodō
time	†num nunc	†dum dunc dūdum	ōlim	tum tunc	simul	quandōquidem	sīquandō	numquam	numquandō	ecquandō	quandōnam	quandō ‡cum	quandōcumque quandōque cumque °quandōnē °quandōquandō °cumcumque	quondam aliquandō	quandōlibet	quandōque	umquam	aliās
quantity				tam	†tamen †tandem	°quamquidem						quam	quamcumque †quamquam	aliquam	quamvīs quamlibet	quamque
size				tantus	tantusdem							quantus	quantuscumque quantusquantus	aliquantus	quantusvīs quantuslibet	quantusque
quality				tālis						°ecquālis	quālisnam	quālis	quāliscumque quālisquālis	aliquālis	quālislibet	quālisque
number				tot	totidem						°quotnam °quotinam	quot	quotquot quotcumque	aliquot	quotlibet
order/fractional				totus								quotus	°quotuscumque	°aliquotus	°quotuslibet	°quotusque °quotusquisque
repetition				totiēns				nullotiēns				quotiēns	quotiēnscumque	aliquotiēns	quotiēnslibet	quotiēnsque °quotiēnsquisque
multiplication				totuplex								quotuplex
proportion				°totuplus								quotuplus
† Turned conjunction with original meaning somewhat changed ° Rare ‡ Only used as a conjunction, not as an interrogative.

Descendants

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→ English:alibi
→ Danish:alibi
→ Dutch:alibi
→ Finnish:alibi
→ French:alibi
→ German:Alibi
→ Italian:alibi
→ Norwegian:alibi
→ Polish:alibi(learned)
→ Portuguese:álibi
→ Romanian:alibi,aiurea
→ Russian:а́либи(álibi)
→ Spanish:álibi
→ Swedish:alibi

References

[edit]

“alibi”, inCharlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879),A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“alibi”, inCharlton T. Lewis (1891),An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
“alibi”, inGaffiot, Félix (1934),Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

Polish

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PolishWikipedia has an article on:

alibi

Wikipedia^pl

Etymology

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Learned borrowing fromLatinalibī.^[1]^[2] First attested in 1802.^[3]^[4]

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /aˈli.bi/
Audio: (file)
Rhymes:-ibi
Syllabification:a‧li‧bi

Noun

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alibi n (indeclinable)

(law)alibi(plea or mode of defense under which a person on trial for a crime proves or attempts to prove being in another place when the alleged act was committed)
(literary)alibi(excuse, especially one used to avoid responsibility or blame)

Derived terms

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nouns

Collocations

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Collocations

wygodnealibi ―a convenientalibi
niezbitealibi ―an irrefutablealibi
żelaznealibi ―an iron-clad/cast-ironalibi
swoistealibi ―a peculiaralibi
stuprocentowealibi ―an airtightalibi
murowanealibi ―a rock-solidalibi
wiarygodnealibi ―a crediblealibi
mocnealibi ―a strongalibi
fałszywealibi ―a false/fakealibi
doskonałealibi ―a perfectalibi
świetnealibi ―a greatalibi
moralnealibi ―a moralalibi
kiepskiealibi ―a lousy/flimsyalibi
dobrealibi ―a goodalibi
znakomitealibi ―a greatalibi
sensownealibi ―a sensible/logicalalibi
politycznealibi ―a politicalalibi
alibi oskarżonego/oskarżonej ―the accused'salibi
miećalibi ―to havealibi
zapewnić/dostarczać/dostarczyć/podaćalibi ―to provide analibi
szukaćalibi ―to look for analibi
sprawdzać/sprawdzićalibi ―to verify/check analibi
stanowićalibi ―to bealibi
stwarzać/stworzyćalibi ―to craft analibi
przedstawiać/przedstawićalibi ―to present analibi
obalićalibi ―to bust/crack/disprove analibi
dawać/daćalibi ―to givealibi
potwierdzićalibi ―to confirm/corroboratealibi
wymyślićalibi ―to come up with/think up/concoct analibi
stracićalibi ―to lose analibi
potrzebowaćalibi ―to need analibi
znaleźćalibi ―to find analibi
uzyskaćalibi ―to get analibi

References

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^Mirosław Bańko; Lidia Wiśniakowska (2021), “alibi”, inWielki słownik wyrazów obcych,→ISBN
^Witold Doroszewski, editor (1958–1969), “alibi”, inSłownik języka polskiego (in Polish), Warszawa:PWN
^Gazeta Korrespondenta Warszawskiego y Zagranicznego‎^[1] (in Polish), number74,1802, page944
^alibi in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego

Romanian

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromFrenchalibi.

Noun

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alibi n (pluralalibiuri)

alibi

Declension

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	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
	singular		plural
nominative-accusative	alibi	alibiul	alibiuri	alibiurile
genitive-dative	alibi	alibiului	alibiuri	alibiurilor
vocative	alibiule		alibiurilor

Rukai

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Noun

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alibi

stone tiles of aroof

Serbo-Croatian

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Noun

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àlībi m inan (Cyrillic spellingа̀лӣби)

alibi

Declension

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Declension ofalibi
	singular	plural
nominative	alibi	alibiji
genitive	alibija	alibija
dative	alibiju	alibijima
accusative	alibi	alibije
vocative	alibi	alibiji
locative	alibiju	alibijima
instrumental	alibijem	alibijima