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ajak

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

See also:Ajakanda jak

English

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ajak (pluralajaks)

(Indonesia) Thedhole (Cuon alpinus).
- 1991, Bill Dalton,Indonesia Handbook, page374:
  Indonesia where theajak, the handsome, rufous, bushy-tailed wild dog (a subspecies of the Indian dhole) still thrives.
- 2015,Eka Kurniawan, translated by Labodalih Sembiring,Man Tiger, Verso, page 7:
  They didn't want the hogs to die, because they would later throw them into battle with theajaks, in a public spectacle at the end of the hunting season.

Greenlandic

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Pronunciation

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(Nuuk)IPA^(key): /ajak/,[a.jək]

Noun

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ajak (pluralajaat)

Alternative form ofaja

Declension

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Declension ofajak
case	singular	plural
absolutive	ajak	ajaat
ergative	ajaap	ajaat
allative	ajammut	ajannut
ablative	ajammit	ajannit
prolative	ajakkut	ajatsigut
locative	ajammi	ajanni
instrumental	ajammik	ajannik
equative	ajattut

References

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ajak inKatersat

Hungarian

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Alternative forms

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ajk(archaic, literary)

Etymology

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From the obsoleteaj(“valley; opening”) +‎-k(“diminutive suffix”), fromProto-Uralic*aŋe(“opening, incision, deepening”).^[1]^[2]^[3]Alternatively, possible cognate ofYakutайах(ayaq,“mouth”).^[4]

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): [ˈɒjɒk]
Audio: (file)
Hyphenation:ajak
Rhymes:-ɒk

Noun

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ajak (pluralajkak)

(anatomy)lip(either of the two fleshy protrusions around the opening of the mouth)
- 1825,Mihály Vörösmarty,Zalán futása,^[1] canto 1, lines 5–6, translation by Watson Kirkconnell and Adam Makkai:
  Hol vagyon, aki merészajakát hadi dalnak eresztvén, / A riadó vak mélységet fölverje szavával,[…]
  Where is the one who, withlips all bold, could thunder a war-song / rousing the gloom of the deep and unsighty abysses, […]
(anatomy)labium(one of the two pairs of folds of skin either side of the vulva)

Declension

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Inflection (stem in-a-, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	ajak	ajkak
accusative	ajkat	ajkakat
dative	ajaknak	ajkaknak
instrumental	ajakkal	ajkakkal
causal-final	ajakért	ajkakért
translative	ajakká	ajkakká
terminative	ajakig	ajkakig
essive-formal	ajakként	ajkakként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	ajakban	ajkakban
superessive	ajkon	ajkakon
adessive	ajaknál	ajkaknál
illative	ajakba	ajkakba
sublative	ajakra	ajkakra
allative	ajakhoz	ajkakhoz
elative	ajakból	ajkakból
delative	ajakról	ajkakról
ablative	ajaktól	ajkaktól
non-attributive possessive – singular	ajaké	ajkaké
non-attributive possessive – plural	ajakéi	ajkakéi

Possessive forms ofajak
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	ajkam	ajkaim
2nd person sing.	ajkad	ajkaid
3rd person sing.	ajka	ajkai
1st person plural	ajkunk	ajkaink
2nd person plural	ajkatok	ajkaitok
3rd person plural	ajkuk	ajkaik

Derived terms

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(Compound words):

References

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^Entry #17 inUralonet, online Uralic etymological database of theHungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
^ajak inTótfalusi, István.Magyar etimológiai nagyszótár (’Hungarian Comprehensive Dictionary of Etymology’). Budapest: Arcanum Adatbázis, 2001; Arcanum DVD Könyvtár→ISBN
^ajak in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.).Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006,→ISBN. (See alsoits 2nd edition.)
^Martti Räsänen (1969)Versuch Eines Etymologischen Wörterbuch der Türksprachen, page11

Indonesian

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Pronunciation

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(Standard Indonesian)IPA^(key): /ˈad͡ʒaʔ/[ˈa.d͡ʒaʔ]
Rhymes:-ad͡ʒaʔ
Syllabification:a‧jak

Etymology 1

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Inherited fromMalayajak, fromProto-Malayic*ajak, from (Western)Proto-Malayo-Polynesian*azak.

Verb

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ajak (activemengajak,passivediajak)

toinvite(ask for the presence or participation of someone)

Conjugation

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Conjugation of ajak (meng-, transitive)
	active	reflective passive	ordinary passive	imperative	emphatic / jussive
root	ajak

	ordinary
active	mengajak	–	diajak	ajak	ajaklah
locative	–	–	–	–	–
perfective causative / applicative¹	–	–	–	–	–
	causative
active	–	–	–	–	–
locative	–	–	–	–	–
perfective causative / applicative¹	–	–	–	–	–

¹ The-kan row is either causative or applicative. With transitive roots it mostly has applicative meaning.
Some of these forms do not normally exist or are rarely used in standard Indonesian. Some forms may also change meaning.

Derived terms

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ajakan(“invitation”)
pengajak(“inviter”)
terajak(“invited”)

Etymology 2

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IndonesianWikipedia has an article on:

ajak

Wikipedia^id

FromMalayajak.

Noun

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ajak (pluralajak-ajak)

dhole (Cuon alpinus)
Synonym:anjing ajak

Derived terms

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anjing ajak

Descendants

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→ English:ajak

Etymology 3

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FromMinangkabau.

Adjective

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ajak

(dialectal)Synonym ofmirip(“similar”)

Derived terms

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(dialectal)ajakkan(“to consider; to exemplify”)

Etymology 4

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FromBanjarese.

Adjective

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ajak

(dialectal)Synonym ofkalah(“defeated”)

Etymology 5

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Borrowed fromOsing.

Verb

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ajak

(dialectal) to betamed.

References

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Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*azak”, in the CLDF dataset fromThe Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–),→DOI

Karaim

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Etymology

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FromProto-Turkic*adak.

Noun

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ajak

foot,leg

References

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N. A. Baskakov, S.M. Šapšala, editor (1973), “ajak”, inKaraimsko-Russko-Polʹskij Slovarʹ [Karaim-Russian-Polish Dictionary], Moscow: Moskva,→ISBN

Kott

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Etymology

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FromProto-Yeniseian*ʔaj(a)k(˜x-,-g).

Noun

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ajak

thunder

Malay

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Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /ad͡ʒaʔ/
Rhymes:-ad͡ʒaʔ

Etymology 1

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FromProto-Malayic*ajak, fromProto-Malayo-Polynesian*azak.

Noun

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ajak (Jawi spellingاجق,pluralajak-ajak,informal 1st possessiveajakku,2nd possessiveajakmu,3rd possessiveajaknya)

invitation

Verb

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ajak (Jawi spellingاجق)

toinvite(ask for the presence or participation of someone)

Etymology 2

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(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.).

Noun

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ajak (Jawi spellingاجق,pluralajak-ajak,informal 1st possessiveajakku,2nd possessiveajakmu,3rd possessiveajaknya)