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acharner

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

French

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Etymology

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Froma- +‎Old Frenchcharn(flesh) +‎-er.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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acharner

  1. (transitive) toincite; tosic [withdirect object‘someone or something, e.g. a dog’,along withaprèsorcontreorsur‘on someone/something’]
    On avaitacharné les chiens contre le taureau.
    Wesicced the dogs on the bull.
  2. (pronominal) tohound, to fiercelyattack[withaprèsorcontreorsur‘someone/something’]
    • 1883,Théodore de Banville, “74”, inLa Lanterne magique, page116:
      Avec l’intrépidité du désespoir, Florigny lutte contre une tête de lapin qui rira bien, parce qu’elle rira la dernière, et tandis qu’ils’acharne sur elle, un grand chien funèbre et jaune, vautré sous la table,s’acharne sur ses mollets à lui, et les dévore.
      (pleaseadd an English translation of this quotation)
  3. (pronominal, figuratively) toslave away, topersevere[withaprèsorcontreorsur‘at something’]
  4. (intransitive, pronominal, figuratively) toattach oneself excessively[withà‘to someone/something’]
    • 1837,Louis Viardot, “I”, inL’Ingénieux Hidalgo Don Quichotte de la Manche, translation of original byMiguel de Cervantes:
      Enfin, notre hidalgos’acharna tellement à sa lecture, que ses nuits se passaient en lisant du soir au matin, et ses jours, du matin au soir.
      Finally, our hidalgoattached himself so much to his reading that his nights were spent reading from evening to morning, and his days, from morning to evening.

Conjugation

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Conjugation ofs'acharner(see alsoAppendix:French verbs)
infinitivesimples'acharner
compounds'être + past participle
present participle orgerund1simples'acharnant
/sa.ʃaʁ.nɑ̃/
compoundayantorétant + past participle
past participleacharné
/a.ʃaʁ.ne/
singularplural
firstsecondthirdfirstsecondthird
indicativeje (j’)tuil, elle, onnousvousils, elles
(simple
tenses)
presentm'acharne
/ma.ʃaʁn/
t'acharnes
/ta.ʃaʁn/
s'acharne
/sa.ʃaʁn/
nousacharnons
/nu.z‿a.ʃaʁ.nɔ̃/
vousacharnez
/vu.z‿a.ʃaʁ.ne/
s'acharnent
/sa.ʃaʁn/
imperfectm'acharnais
/ma.ʃaʁ.nɛ/
t'acharnais
/ta.ʃaʁ.nɛ/
s'acharnait
/sa.ʃaʁ.nɛ/
nousacharnions
/nu.z‿a.ʃaʁ.njɔ̃/
vousacharniez
/vu.z‿a.ʃaʁ.nje/
s'acharnaient
/sa.ʃaʁ.nɛ/
past historic2m'acharnai
/ma.ʃaʁ.ne/
t'acharnas
/ta.ʃaʁ.na/
s'acharna
/sa.ʃaʁ.na/
nousacharnâmes
/nu.z‿a.ʃaʁ.nam/
vousacharnâtes
/vu.z‿a.ʃaʁ.nat/
s'acharnèrent
/sa.ʃaʁ.nɛʁ/
futurem'acharnerai
/ma.ʃaʁ.nə.ʁe/
t'acharneras
/ta.ʃaʁ.nə.ʁa/
s'acharnera
/sa.ʃaʁ.nə.ʁa/
nousacharnerons
/nu.z‿a.ʃaʁ.nə.ʁɔ̃/
vousacharnerez
/vu.z‿a.ʃaʁ.nə.ʁe/
s'acharneront
/sa.ʃaʁ.nə.ʁɔ̃/
conditionalm'acharnerais
/ma.ʃaʁ.nə.ʁɛ/
t'acharnerais
/ta.ʃaʁ.nə.ʁɛ/
s'acharnerait
/sa.ʃaʁ.nə.ʁɛ/
nousacharnerions
/nu.z‿a.ʃaʁ.nə.ʁjɔ̃/
vousacharneriez
/vu.z‿a.ʃaʁ.nə.ʁje/
s'acharneraient
/sa.ʃaʁ.nə.ʁɛ/
(compound
tenses)
present perfectpresent indicative ofs'être + past participle
pluperfectimperfect indicative ofs'être + past participle
past anterior2past historic ofs'être + past participle
future perfectfuture ofs'être + past participle
conditional perfectconditional ofs'être + past participle
subjunctiveque je (j’)que tuqu’il, qu’elleque nousque vousqu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses)
presentm'acharne
/ma.ʃaʁn/
t'acharnes
/ta.ʃaʁn/
s'acharne
/sa.ʃaʁn/
nousacharnions
/nu.z‿a.ʃaʁ.njɔ̃/
vousacharniez
/vu.z‿a.ʃaʁ.nje/
s'acharnent
/sa.ʃaʁn/
imperfect2m'acharnasse
/ma.ʃaʁ.nas/
t'acharnasses
/ta.ʃaʁ.nas/
s'acharnât
/sa.ʃaʁ.na/
nousacharnassions
/nu.z‿a.ʃaʁ.na.sjɔ̃/
vousacharnassiez
/vu.z‿a.ʃaʁ.na.sje/
s'acharnassent
/sa.ʃaʁ.nas/
(compound
tenses)
pastpresent subjunctive ofs'être + past participle
pluperfect2imperfect subjunctive ofs'être + past participle
imperativetunousvous
simpleacharne-toi
/a.ʃaʁn.twa/
acharnons-nous
/a.ʃaʁ.nɔ̃.nu/
acharnez-vous
/a.ʃaʁ.ne.vu/
compoundsimple imperative ofs'être + past participlesimple imperative ofs'être + past participlesimple imperative ofs'être + past participle
1 The French gerund is usable only with the prepositionen.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
past historic → present perfect
past anterior → pluperfect
imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

(Christopher Kendris [1995],Master the Basics: French, pp.77,78,79,81).

Derived terms

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Related terms

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Descendants

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Further reading

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