accorder (pluralaccorders)
Inherited fromMiddle Frenchaccorder, fromOld Frenchacorder, fromVulgar Latin*accordāre, derived fromLatincor(“heart”). Bysurface analysis,accord +-er.
accorder
| infinitive | simple | accorder | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle orgerund1 | simple | accordant /a.kɔʁ.dɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | accordé /a.kɔʁ.de/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | accorde /a.kɔʁd/ | accordes /a.kɔʁd/ | accorde /a.kɔʁd/ | accordons /a.kɔʁ.dɔ̃/ | accordez /a.kɔʁ.de/ | accordent /a.kɔʁd/ |
| imperfect | accordais /a.kɔʁ.dɛ/ | accordais /a.kɔʁ.dɛ/ | accordait /a.kɔʁ.dɛ/ | accordions /a.kɔʁ.djɔ̃/ | accordiez /a.kɔʁ.dje/ | accordaient /a.kɔʁ.dɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | accordai /a.kɔʁ.de/ | accordas /a.kɔʁ.da/ | accorda /a.kɔʁ.da/ | accordâmes /a.kɔʁ.dam/ | accordâtes /a.kɔʁ.dat/ | accordèrent /a.kɔʁ.dɛʁ/ | |
| future | accorderai /a.kɔʁ.də.ʁe/ | accorderas /a.kɔʁ.də.ʁa/ | accordera /a.kɔʁ.də.ʁa/ | accorderons /a.kɔʁ.də.ʁɔ̃/ | accorderez /a.kɔʁ.də.ʁe/ | accorderont /a.kɔʁ.də.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | accorderais /a.kɔʁ.də.ʁɛ/ | accorderais /a.kɔʁ.də.ʁɛ/ | accorderait /a.kɔʁ.də.ʁɛ/ | accorderions /a.kɔʁ.də.ʁjɔ̃/ | accorderiez /a.kɔʁ.də.ʁje/ | accorderaient /a.kɔʁ.də.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative ofavoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | accorde /a.kɔʁd/ | accordes /a.kɔʁd/ | accorde /a.kɔʁd/ | accordions /a.kɔʁ.djɔ̃/ | accordiez /a.kɔʁ.dje/ | accordent /a.kɔʁd/ |
| imperfect2 | accordasse /a.kɔʁ.das/ | accordasses /a.kɔʁ.das/ | accordât /a.kɔʁ.da/ | accordassions /a.kɔʁ.da.sjɔ̃/ | accordassiez /a.kɔʁ.da.sje/ | accordassent /a.kɔʁ.das/ | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive ofavoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | accorde /a.kɔʁd/ | — | accordons /a.kɔʁ.dɔ̃/ | accordez /a.kɔʁ.de/ | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative ofavoir + past participle | — | simple imperative ofavoir + past participle | simple imperative ofavoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the prepositionen. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995],Master the Basics: French, pp.77,78,79,81). | |||||||
FromOld Frenchacorder.
accorder
| infinitive | simple | accorder | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle1 orgerund2 | simple | accordant | |||||
| compound | present participle or gerund ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | accordé | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | ie (i’) | tu | il, elle | nous | vous | ilz, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | accorde | accordes | accorde | accordons | accordez | accordent |
| imperfect | accordois,accordoys | accordois,accordoys | accordoit,accordoyt | accordions,accordyons | accordiez,accordyez | accordoient,accordoyent | |
| past historic | accorda | accordas | accorda | accordasmes | accordastes | accorderent | |
| future | accorderai,accorderay | accorderas | accordera | accorderons | accorderez | accorderont | |
| conditional | accorderois,accorderoys | accorderois,accorderoys | accorderoit,accorderoyt | accorderions,accorderyons | accorderiez,accorderyez | accorderoient,accorderoyent | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative ofavoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | past historic ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que ie (i’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ilz, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | accorde | accordes | accorde | accordons | accordez | accordent |
| imperfect | accordasse | accordasses | accordast | accordassions | accordassiez | accordassent | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive ofavoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | accorde | — | accordons | accordez | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative ofavoir + past participle | — | simple imperative ofavoir + past participle | simple imperative ofavoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The present participle was variable in gender and number until the 17th century (Anne Sancier-Château [1995],Une esthétique nouvelle: Honoré d'Urfé, correcteur de l'Astrée, p.179). TheFrench Academy would eventually declare it not to be declined in 1679. | |||||||
| 2 The gerund was held to be invariable by grammarians of the early 17th century, and was usable with prepositionen, as inModern French, although the preposition was not mandatory (Anne Sancier-Château [1995],op. cit., p.180). | |||||||