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Wiktionary:Chinese entry guidelines/Southern Pinghua

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
<Wiktionary:Chinese entry guidelines

Southern Pinghua (Chinese:桂南平話) is a language subfamily of theYue branch of Chinese. Currently under Wiktionary, the Yue branch does not exist, so Southern Pinghua is classified as a direct descendent family ofMiddle Chinese.

Nanning Pinghua

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Currently,Nanning Pinghua, the representative lect, is included in Wiktionary, with Tingzi (亭子) being the representative locality. For the romanization,Jyutping++ is adopted as below.

Initials

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Under the current analysis, Nanning Pinghua has 22 initials, including the zero-initial.

Jyutping++IPAExamples
b/p/
p/pʰ/
m/m/ /
f/f/
w/β/ /
d/t/ /
t/tʰ/
n/n/ /
l/l/ /
z/t͡s/ /
c/t͡sʰ/ /
nj/ɲ/ /
s/s/ /
sl/ɬ/ /
j/j/
g/k/
k/kʰ/
ng/ŋ/ /
h/h/
gw/kʷ/ /
kw/kʰʷ/
 /

Finals

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Under the current analysis, Nanning Pinghua has 49 finals, including a syllabic/ŋ̍/.

-i-u-m-n-ng-p-t-k
aaaa
/a/
aai
/ai/
aau
/au/
aam
/am/
aan
/an/
aang
/aŋ/
aap
/ap̚/
aat
/at̚/
aak
/ak̚/
aai
/əi/
au
/əu/
am
/əm/
an
/ən/
ang
/əŋ/
ap
/əp̚/
at
/ət̚/
ak
/ək̚/
ee
/e/
eu
/eu/
em
/em/
en
/en/
iang
/iɐŋ/
ep
/ep̚/
et
/et̚/
iak
/iɐk̚/
oo
/o/
on
/on/
ot
/ot̚/
ii
/i/
iu
/iu/
im
/im/
in
/in/
ing
/ɪŋ/
ip
/ip̚/
it
/it̚/
ik
/ɪk̚/
uu
/u/
ui
/ui/
un
/un/
ung
/ʊŋ/
ut
/ut̚/
uk
/ʊk̚/
yuyu
/y/
yun
/yun/
yut
/yut̚/
oeoe
/ø/
oeng
/øŋ/
oek
/øk̚/
ngng
/ŋ̍/

Tones

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Nanning Pinghua has 10 tones, which are represented by 6 symbols.

Jyutping++IPACategoryExamples
1/⁵³/light level (陰平)
2/³³/light rising (陰上)
3/⁵⁵/light departing (陰去)
4/²¹/dark level (陽平)
5/²⁴/dark rising (陽上)
6/²²/dark departing (陽去)
3/⁵⁵/upper light entering (上陰入)
2/³³/lower light entering (下陰入)
5/²⁴/upper dark entering (上陽入)
6/²²/lower dark entering (下陽入)

Allophonic relations

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  • As with Jyutping for Cantonese, we use an analysis where glides are all transferred to (part of) the initial. For example:
    • We analyse/uai ~ βai/ with initial ⟨w⟩ and final ⟨aai⟩.
    • We analyse/kuai ~ kwai/ with initial ⟨kw⟩ and final ⟨aai⟩.
  • As with Jyutping for Cantonese, we disallow syllables starting with a high vowel. For example:
    • ⟨ji⟩ is preferred over *⟨i⟩ for/ji ~ i/.
    • ⟨wu⟩ is preferred over *⟨u⟩ for/βu ~ u/.
    • ⟨jyu⟩ is preferred over *⟨yu⟩ for/jy ~ y/.
    • However, for our analysis,/iɐ/ does not count as starting with a high vowel, because it is an allophone of/e/ before/ŋ/ and/k̚/, so ⟨iak⟩/iɐk̚/ and ⟨jak⟩/jək̚/ are both valid syllables.

Input format

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In the pronunciation section of each entry, under the{{zh-pron}} template, use the|sp= parameter to indicate the pronunciation of the entry in Jyutping++ as described above. Use commas, without spaces to separate alternate readings.

|sp=njoek5,njyu6


|sp=njyu6 mai5


See also

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Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Wiktionary:Chinese_entry_guidelines/Southern_Pinghua&oldid=86004492"

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