Movatterモバイル変換

[0]ホーム
URL:

Jump to content
WiktionaryThe Free Dictionary
Search

miser

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Miserandmisër

English

[edit]
EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology

[edit]

FromMiddle Englishmisser, fromLate Latinmiser(“wretched, unfortunate, unhappy, miserable, sick, ill, bad, worthless, etc.”).

Pronunciation

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

miser (pluralmisers)

  1. (derogatory) A person whohoardsmoney rather thanspending it; one who is cheap or extremelyparsimonious.[late 16th c.]
    Synonyms:seeThesaurus:miser
    Antonyms:seeThesaurus:spendthrift
    Scrooge was a typicalmiser: spending nothing he could save, nor enjoying his wealth.
    • 1577,Antonio de Guevara, translated by Edward Hellowes,A Chronicle, Conteyning the Liues of Tenne Emperours of Rome […] , London:Ralph Newbery,page257:
      […] foꝛ it was many times notoꝛious vnto al mẽ,yͭ he did eate in his houſe no other fleſh by the ſpace of iii. dayes, but on Hare, whiche was ſent him. He was ſuch amiſer to ſpend, ⁊ ſo deſirous to hooꝛd and lay vp money, yͭ had it not béene foꝛ ſome dayes of ſacrifices, oꝛ his bidden gueſts, not a moꝛsel of fleſh was eaten in his houſe: but only fed of his pꝛouiſion from his garden.
  2. (obsolete) A person who iswretched ordespicable; awretch.
    • c.1598–1600 (date written),William Shakespeare, “As You Like It”, inMr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, andEd[ward] Blount, published1623,→OCLC,[Act V, scene iv],page206, column 1:
      […] a poore virgin ſir, an il-fauor’d thing ſir, but mine owne, a poore humour of mine ſir, to take that that no man elſe will: rich honeſtie dwels like amiſer ſir, in a poore houſe, as your Pearle in your foule oyſter.
  3. A kind of earthauger, typically large-bored and often hand-operated.

Derived terms

[edit]

Related terms

[edit]

Translations

[edit]
skinflint or scrooge
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

See also

[edit]

Further reading

[edit]

Anagrams

[edit]

French

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Frommise +‎-er.

Pronunciation

[edit]

Verb

[edit]

miser

  1. (gambling) tobet (place a bet)

Conjugation

[edit]
Conjugation ofmiser(see alsoAppendix:French verbs)
infinitivesimplemiser
compoundavoir + past participle
present participle orgerund1simplemisant
/mi.zɑ̃/
compoundayant + past participle
past participlemisé
/mi.ze/
singularplural
firstsecondthirdfirstsecondthird
indicativeje (j’)tuil, elle, onnousvousils, elles
(simple
tenses)		presentmise
/miz/		mises
/miz/		mise
/miz/		misons
/mi.zɔ̃/		misez
/mi.ze/		misent
/miz/
imperfectmisais
/mi.zɛ/		misais
/mi.zɛ/		misait
/mi.zɛ/		misions
/mi.zjɔ̃/		misiez
/mi.zje/		misaient
/mi.zɛ/
past historic2misai
/mi.ze/		misas
/mi.za/		misa
/mi.za/		misâmes
/mi.zam/		misâtes
/mi.zat/		misèrent
/mi.zɛʁ/
futuremiserai
/miz.ʁe/		miseras
/miz.ʁa/		misera
/miz.ʁa/		miserons
/miz.ʁɔ̃/		miserez
/miz.ʁe/		miseront
/miz.ʁɔ̃/
conditionalmiserais
/miz.ʁɛ/		miserais
/miz.ʁɛ/		miserait
/miz.ʁɛ/		miserions
/mi.zə.ʁjɔ̃/		miseriez
/mi.zə.ʁje/		miseraient
/miz.ʁɛ/
(compound
tenses)		present perfectpresent indicative ofavoir + past participle
pluperfectimperfect indicative ofavoir + past participle
past anterior2past historic ofavoir + past participle
future perfectfuture ofavoir + past participle
conditional perfectconditional ofavoir + past participle
subjunctiveque je (j’)que tuqu’il, qu’elleque nousque vousqu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses)		presentmise
/miz/		mises
/miz/		mise
/miz/		misions
/mi.zjɔ̃/		misiez
/mi.zje/		misent
/miz/
imperfect2misasse
/mi.zas/		misasses
/mi.zas/		misât
/mi.za/		misassions
/mi.za.sjɔ̃/		misassiez
/mi.za.sje/		misassent
/mi.zas/
(compound
tenses)		pastpresent subjunctive ofavoir + past participle
pluperfect2imperfect subjunctive ofavoir + past participle
imperative–tu–nousvous–
simple—mise
/miz/		—misons
/mi.zɔ̃/		misez
/mi.ze/		—
compound—simple imperative ofavoir + past participle—simple imperative ofavoir + past participlesimple imperative ofavoir + past participle—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the prepositionen.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
past historic → present perfect
past anterior → pluperfect
imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

(Christopher Kendris [1995],Master the Basics: French, pp.77,78,79,81).

Derived terms

[edit]

Descendants

[edit]

Further reading

[edit]

Anagrams

[edit]

Latin

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

FromProto-Italic*misseros, of unknown origin. Possibly from aProto-Indo-European*mh₂isros(“complaining, emotional about”), the same root of Latinmaereō,Tocharian Bmsär(“difficult”),[1] andAncient Greekμῖσος(mîsos,“hatred”).

Pronunciation

[edit]

Adjective

[edit]

miser (femininemisera,neutermiserum,comparativemiserior,superlativemiserrimus,adverbmiserē ormiseriter);first/second-declension adjective (nominative masculine singular in-er)

  1. poor,wretched,pitiful
    • ca. 54 BC,Catullus.Catullus 8
      Miser Catulle, dēsinās ineptīre
      Poor Catullus, stop with the nonsense
    • 29bc.Vergil.Aeneid, Book I
      nōn ignāra malīmiserīs succurrere discō
      being not unacquainted with woe, I learn to helpthe unfortunate
    • 8CE,Ovid,Fasti6.517:
      ‘dīque virīque locī,miserae succurrite mātrī!’
      “Gods and men of this place, hasten [your] aidto a wretched mother!”
      (The poetic voice is that ofIno (Greek mythology).)
  2. miserable,unhappy
    Synonyms:maestus,trīstis,infēlīx,aeger
    Antonyms:laetus,alacer,fēlīx
    • 166BCE,Publius Terentius Afer,Andria616–617:
      PAMPHILUS: Ehodum, bone vir, quid ais? Vidēn mē cōnsiliīs tuīs /miserum impedītum esse?
      PAMPHILUS: Hey there, good fellow, what are you saying? Can’t you see howyour advice has got memiserably entangled?
      (“miserum” functions adverbially here;vidēn =vidēsne:vidēs plus the interrogative particle-ne.)
  3. worthless,null
    Synonyms:vīlis,inānis
  4. tragic,unfortunate
  5. sick
    Synonyms:aeger,languidus,fessus,affectus
    Antonyms:sānus,salvus,validus,integer,intāctus,salūber
  6. tormenting

Declension

[edit]

First/second-declension adjective (nominative masculine singular in-er).

singularplural
masculinefeminineneutermasculinefeminineneuter
nominativemisermiseramiserummiserīmiseraemisera
genitivemiserīmiseraemiserīmiserōrummiserārummiserōrum
dativemiserōmiseraemiserōmiserīs
accusativemiserummiserammiserummiserōsmiserāsmisera
ablativemiserōmiserāmiserōmiserīs
vocativemisermiseramiserummiserīmiseraemisera

Derived terms

[edit]

Related terms

[edit]

Descendants

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “miser”, inEtymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill,→ISBN,page383
  2. ^Oryol, Vladimir E. (1998), “mjerë”, inAlbanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden; Boston; Köln: Brill,→ISBN, page270

Further reading

[edit]
  • “miser”, inCharlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879),A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “miser”, inCharlton T. Lewis (1891),An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • “miser”, inGaffiot, Félix (1934),Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894),Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London:Macmillan and Co.
    • (ambiguous) to live a happy (unhappy) life:vitam beatam (miseram) degere
  • H. H. Mallinckrodt,Latijn Nederlands woordenboek (Aula n° 24), Utrecht-Antwerpen, Spectrum, 1959 [Latin - Dutch dictionary in Dutch]
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=miser&oldid=89349822"
Categories:
Hidden categories:
[8]ページ先頭
©2009-2026 Movatter.jp