| ThisProto-Indo-European entry containsreconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directlyattested, but are hypothesized to have existed based oncomparative evidence. |
| A user suggests that this Proto-Indo-European reconstruction entry be cleaned up, giving the reason:“manual table should be moved to a template”. | |
|---|---|
| Please see the discussion onRequests for cleanup(+) or thetalk page for more information and remove this template after the problem has been dealt with. |
| Andrew Sihler's reconstruction[7] | ||
|---|---|---|
| dual | plural | |
| nominative | *yū́h₁ (?*yūh₁) | *yū́s (?*yúHs) |
| accusative | *uh₁-wé ~ *wō̆h₁ | *usmé ~ *wō̆s |
| genitive | ? | *usóm ~ *wō̆s |
| ablative | ? | *usm-ét |
| dative | ? | *usm-éy ~ *wō̆s |
| Donald Ringe's reconstruction[5] | ||
|---|---|---|
| dual | plural | |
| nominative | *yú | *yū́ |
| accusative | *uh₃wé ~ *woh₃ | *uswé ~ *wos |
| genitive | ? | ? ~*wos |
| dative | ? | ? ~*wos |
| Alwin Kloekhorst's reconstruction[8] | |
|---|---|
| Proto-Nuclear-Indo-European | plural |
| nominative | *yuH |
| accusative | *us ~ *wōs (?) |
| genitive | ? |
| dative | ? |
| oblique | *us- ~ *wos |
| Outer-Anatolian IE | plural |
| nominative | *yuH |
| oblique | *us- |
| enclitic | *wos |
| Proto-Indo-European | plural |
| nominative | ? |
| accusative | ? |
| oblique | ? |
| Robert Beekes' reconstruction[4] | |
|---|---|
| plural | |
| nominative | *yuH |
| accusative | *usmé ~ *wōs |
| genitive | *yus(er)o- ~ *wos |
| ablative | *usmed |
| dative | *usmey |
| locative | *usmi |
| instrumental | ? |
| poss. adj. | *usos |
| Frederik Kortlandt's reconstruction[6] | ||
|---|---|---|
| dual | plural | |
| nominative | *yuh₁- | *yu- |
| accusative | *uh₁e | *usme |
| genitive | *woh₁ | *wos |
| ablative | ? | ? |
| dative | ? | ? |
| locative | *uh₁i | *usmi |
| Michiel de Vaan's reconstruction[9] | |
|---|---|
| plural | |
| nominative | *yúH(s) |
| accusative | *wōs |
| genitive | *wos/*wes |
| ablative | ? |
| dative | ? |
| poss. adj. | *us-tero-s? |
| |||||