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Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/leyd-

    From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
    		ThisProto-Indo-European entry containsreconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directlyattested, but are hypothesized to have existed based oncomparative evidence.

    Proto-Indo-European

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    Root

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    *leyd-[1][2]

    2. tolet,allow
    3. tolet go,release

    Derived terms

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    • *léyd-ti ~ *lid-énti(athematic root present)(or perhaps this and the following (reduplicated) verb should be reconstructed asmolō-present*lóyd- ~ *léyd-[2])
    • *le-loyd-ti ~ *lé-lid-n̥ti(reduplicated athematic root present)[2]
      • Proto-Balto-Slavic:*laiˀstei (see there for further descendants)
    • *li-né-d-ti ~ *li-n-d-énti(nasal-infix present)[1][2]
      • >? Proto-Albanian:*linda[4]
        • Albanian:lind(“to bear, give birth”),lindem(“to be born”)(or*leunda ⇐*leuda[5])
    • *loyd-éye-ti(eye-iterative)[2]
      • Proto-Albanian:*laida[4]
        • >? Albanian:le(“to bear, give birth”)(dialectal, or <*leuda <*h₁lewdʰ-(“to grow”)[5])
        • ⇒ Proto-Albanian:*laidna[6]
        • ⇒? Proto-Albanian:*laidnja[4]
          • Albanian:lej(“to bear, give birth”)(or <*leudnja[5])
      • Proto-Balto-Slavic:*laidīˀti
        • Lithuanian:láidyti(“to let, let go, start moving”)
    • *leid-sk-to-s[8]
      • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
        • Lithuanian:láiškas(“letter”)
        • Latvian:laiska(“leaf”)
        • Old Prussian:lāiskas(“booklet”)
        • Proto-Slavic:*listъ(“letter”) (see there for further descendants)

    References

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    1. ↑1.01.1Schmidt, Manfred Erwin (1930), “Untersuchungen zur albanischen Sprachgeschichte”, inZeitschrift für vergleichende Sprachforschung auf dem Gebiete der Indogermanischen Sprachen, volume57, number1/2, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht,→JSTOR, page34: “Wz. *leid- „gahen lessen“”
    2. ↑2.02.12.22.32.4Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “lei̯d-”, inLexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag,→ISBN,pages402–403
    3. ^Derksen, Rick (2015), “leisti”, inEtymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series;13), Leiden, Boston: Brill,→ISBN,page277
    4. ↑4.04.14.2Orel, Vladimir E. (1998), “lej”, inAlbanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden; Boston; Köln: Brill,→ISBN, page217
    5. ↑5.05.15.2Jokl, Norbert (1911),Studien zur albanesischen Etymologie und Wortbildung (Sitzungsberichte der Philosophisch-Historischen Klasse der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften;168) (in German), Vienna: A. Hölder,pages226-228
    6. ^Orel, Vladimir E. (1998), “lë ~ lâ”, inAlbanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden; Boston; Köln: Brill,→ISBN, page220
    7. ^Meyer,G. (1891), “l'ɛ̇”, inEtymologisches Wörterbuch der albanesischen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the Albanian Language] (in German), Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner,→DOI,page242
    8. ^Derksen, Rick (2015), “laiškas”, inEtymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series;13), Leiden, Boston: Brill,→ISBN,pages270–271
    9. ^Matasović, Ranko (2009), “loyd-o-”, inEtymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden:Brill,→ISBN,page246

    Root

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    DeleteA user has added this reconstruction entry torequests for deletion(+).
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    *leyd-[1][2]

    2. toplay,contend

    Reconstruction notes

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    Rix suggests that this root derives from the root above.[3] Alternatively related to*leyg-(“to jump around, play”).[4]

    Derived terms

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    CategoryTerms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *leyd- (play) not found
    • *lé-loyd-ti ~ *lé-lid-n̥ti(reduplicated athematic root present)[3]
      • Proto-Italic:*loidō[5][6]
        • Latin:lūdō(“to play”) (see there for further descendants)
    • *lid-yé-ti(zero-grade ye-present)
    • *loyd-tó-s
      • Proto-Italic:*loissos
        • Latin:lūsus(“played”) (see there for further descendants)

    References

    [edit]
    1. ↑1.01.1Pokorny, Julius (1959), “leid-”, inIndogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag,page666
    2. ^Mallory, J. P.,Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), “*loid-”, inEncyclopedia of Indo-European Culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers,page434
    3. ↑3.03.13.23.33.4Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “lei̯d-”, inLexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag,→ISBN,pages402–403
    4. ^Seebold, Elmar (1970), “LAIK-A-”, inVergleichendes und etymologisches Wörterbuch der germanischen starken Verben (Janua Linguarum. Series practica;85) (in German), Paris, Den Haag: Mouton,→ISBN, pages321-322
    5. ^Ernout, Alfred;Meillet, Antoine (1985), “lūdō”, inDictionnaire étymologique de la langue latine: histoire des mots (in French), 4th edition, with additions and corrections ofJacques André, Paris: Klincksieck, published2001, pages656-657: “*loidō”
    6. ↑6.06.1De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “lūdō, -ere”, inEtymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill,→ISBN,pages350–351: “PIt. *loid-e/o- ‘to play’, *loido- ‘play’”
    7. ^Matasović, Ranko (2009), “loyd-o-”, inEtymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden:Brill,→ISBN,page246
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