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Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kʷetwóres

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
ThisProto-Indo-European entry containsreconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directlyattested, but are hypothesized to have existed based oncomparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

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Etymology

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Considering PIE morpheme structure,*kʷetwor- has too many consonants to be a true primitive morpheme. Tentatively, the feminine stem could point to an elemental "four" of the shape**kʷet- or**kʷetu-.

Numeral

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Proto-Indo-European cardinal numbers
 <  345  > 
   Cardinal :*kʷetwóres
   Ordinal :*kʷ(e)twr̥tós[1]
   Prefix :*kʷetwr̥-

*kʷetwóres[2]

  1. four

Inflection

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Athematic, amphikinetic
masculinefeminine
nominative*kʷetwóres*kʷétesres
genitive*kʷeturóHom*kʷetesróHom
masculinesingulardualplural
nominative*kʷetwóres
vocative*kʷetwóres
accusative*kʷetwórm̥s
genitive*kʷeturóHom
ablative*kʷetwr̥mós,*kʷetwr̥bʰós
dative*kʷetwr̥mós,*kʷetwr̥bʰós
locative*kʷetwr̥sú
instrumental*kʷetwr̥mís,*kʷetwr̥bʰís
femininesingulardualplural
nominative*kʷétesres
vocative*kʷétesres
accusative*kʷétesrm̥s
genitive*kʷetesróHom
ablative*kʷetesr̥mós,*kʷetesr̥bʰós
dative*kʷetesr̥mós,*kʷetesr̥bʰós
locative*kʷetesr̥sú
instrumental*kʷetesr̥mís,*kʷetesr̥bʰís
neutersingulardualplural
nominative*kʷetwṓr
vocative*kʷetwṓr
accusative*kʷetwṓr
genitive*kʷeturóHom
ablative*kʷetwr̥mós,*kʷetwr̥bʰós
dative*kʷetwr̥mós,*kʷetwr̥bʰós
locative*kʷetwr̥sú
instrumental*kʷetwr̥mís,*kʷetwr̥bʰís

Derived terms

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Descendants

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References

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  1. ^Fortson, Benjamin W. (2004, 2010),Indo-European Language and Culture: An Introduction, Oxford: Blackwell
  2. ^Sihler, Andrew L. (1995),New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press,→ISBN
  3. ^Martirosyan, Hrach (2010), “lmaos”, inEtymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page547
  4. ^Adams, Douglas Q. (2013), “śtwer”, inA Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European;10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi,→ISBN,page703


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PIE numerals
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