 | ThisProto-Indo-European entry containsreconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directlyattested, but are hypothesized to have existed based oncomparative evidence. |
Reduplicated derivative of*kʷel-(“to turn”).[1]
*kʷékʷlos m (non-ablauting)
This Proto-Indo-European word has been proposed as the source ofSumerian𒄑𒇀(ĜIŠGIGIR,“chariot”),Aramaic andHebrewגַּלְגַּל(galgal,“anything that rolls; wheel”) (but compare גָּלַל(gālal,“to roll”)), andProto-Kartvelian*grgar.[1] The similarly shapedChinese軲轆 /轱辘(*guk luk)[2] is only attested in the last few centuries and may be the result of convergent onomatopoeic derivation. Instead, theundetermined車(*t.[qʰ]rA,“chariot” > “car”) may be a borrowing from a descendant form of this root from the spread of thechariot. SeeChariot (China).
| Thematic | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| singular | collective | |||
| nominative | *kʷékʷlos | *kʷekʷléh₂ | ||
| genitive | *kʷékʷlosyo | *kʷekʷlósyo | ||
| singular | dual | plural | collective | |
| nominative | *kʷékʷlos | *kʷékʷloh₁ | *kʷékʷloes | *kʷekʷléh₂ |
| vocative | *kʷékʷle | *kʷékʷloh₁ | *kʷékʷloes | *kʷekʷléh₂ |
| accusative | *kʷékʷlom | *kʷékʷloh₁ | *kʷékʷloms | *kʷekʷléh₂ |
| genitive | *kʷékʷlosyo | *? | *kʷékʷloHom | *kʷekʷlósyo |
| ablative | *kʷékʷlead | *? | *kʷékʷlomos,*kʷékʷlobʰos | *kʷekʷléad |
| dative | *kʷékʷloey | *? | *kʷékʷlomos,*kʷékʷlobʰos | *kʷekʷlóey |
| locative | *kʷékʷley,*kʷékʷloy | *? | *kʷékʷloysu | *kʷekʷléy,*kʷekʷlóy |
| instrumental | *kʷékʷloh₁ | *? | *kʷékʷlōys | *kʷekʷlóh₁ |