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Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂eḱs-

    From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
    ThisProto-Indo-European entry containsreconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directlyattested, but are hypothesized to have existed based oncomparative evidence.

    Proto-Indo-European

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    Etymology

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  • Perhaps ans-stem*h₂eǵ-os ~ *h₂ǵ-es-os, from *h₂eǵ-(to drive).[1][2]

    Noun

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    *h₂eḱs-[1][2][3]

    1. axle,axis

    Derived terms

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    • *h₂eḱs-eh₂[4]
      • Proto-Germanic:*ahsō (see there for further descendants)
    • *h₂eḱs-i-s[5][6][4]
      • Proto-Balto-Slavic:*aśís (see there for further descendants)
      • Proto-Italic:*aksis[7]
        • Latin:axis (see there for further descendants)
    • *h₂eḱs-(i)l-eh₂[2][8]
    • *h₂éḱs-o-s[9][4]
      • Proto-Indo-Iranian:*Háćšas (see there for further descendants)
    • *h₂éḱs-ō ~ *h₂ḱs-nés[4]
    • *sém-h₂eḱs-ih₂ ~ *sm̥-h₂eks-yéh₂-s[10][7]
      • >? Proto-Hellenic:*hámaksia
      • >? Proto-Indo-Iranian:*sámHaćšyas
        • Proto-Iranian:*hámHašyah
          • Proto-Iranian:*hamHašyapādah[13](+*pā́dah)
            • Proto-Scythian:*hamaš́yapāδā
              • Proto-Saka-Wakhi:*maš́apāδa
                • Khotanese:[script needed](maśapa,road, way),[script needed](maśpa)

    References

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    1. 1.01.11.2Pokorny, Julius (1959), “*ag̑es-, *ak̑s”, inIndogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag,page 4; *aksi-lā
    2. 2.02.12.2Mallory, J. P.,Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), “*hₐek̂s- ‘axle’”, inEncyclopedia of Indo-European Culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers
    3. ^Kölligan, Daniel (2017–2018), “Chapter XX: Proto-Indo-European”, in Klein, Jared S.,Joseph, Brian D.,Fritz, Matthias, editors,Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft[Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science];41.2), Berlin; Boston: De Gruyter Mouton,→ISBN, § The lexicon of Proto-Indo-European, page2270:‘axle; axis’: *h2ek̑s-
    4. 4.04.14.24.3Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*ahsō-”, inEtymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series;11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston:Brill,→ISBN,page 6:*h₂eḱs-eh₂-; *h₂eḱ-so-; *h₂eḱs-i-; *h₂eḱs-on-
    5. ^Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1991),The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Latin (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 2), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi,→ISBN, page48:*h₂eḱsi-
    6. ^Derksen, Rick (2015), “ašis”, inEtymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series;13), Leiden, Boston: Brill,→ISBN,page380:PIE *h2eḱs-(i-)
    7. 7.07.17.27.3De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “axis”, inEtymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill,→ISBN,page66:6
    8. ^Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*ahsō-”, inEtymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series;11)‎[2], Leiden, Boston:Brill,→ISBN,page 6:*h₂eks-(i)l-eh2-
    9. ^Lubotsky, Alexander (1988),The System of Nominal Accentuation in Sanskrit and Proto-Indo-European[3], Brill, page75:*H₂eḱs-(o-)
    10. ^Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992–2001), “ákṣa-”, inEtymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎[4] (in German), Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page41:*sm-h₂eḱs-ih₂
    11. ^Adams, Douglas Q. (2013), “amäkṣpänte”, inA Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European;10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi,→ISBN,page20:PIE *h₂em-hₐek̂s-y(e)hₐ-
    12. ^Mallory, J. P.,Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), “?*h₂em-h̥ₐek̂s-ihₐ ‘wagon-chassis’”, inEncyclopedia of Indo-European Culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers
    13. ^Bailey, H. W. (1979), “maspa”, inDictionary of Khotan Saka, Cambridge, London, New York, Melbourne: Cambridge University press, page325:*amHašya-pāda-
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