 | ThisProto-Indo-European entry containsreconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directlyattested, but are hypothesized to have existed based oncomparative evidence. |
The nominative singular form is underlyingly*/ḱérd/, yielding the surface form*ḱḗr which is itself evident in Ancient Greekκῆρ(kêr) and Hittite𒆠𒅕(ker). This reconstruction is the only instance in PIE where a loss of */d/ after */r/ withcompensatory lengthening of the preceding vowel occurred. It is not clear whether this is an isolated example, or a part of a broader process such asSzemerényi's law.
*ḱḗr n (oblique stem*ḱr̥d-)[1]
| Athematic, amphikinetic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | |||
| nominative | *ḱḗr | ||
| genitive | *ḱr̥dés | ||
| singular | dual | plural | |
| nominative | *ḱḗr | *ḱérdih₁ | *ḱérdh₂ |
| vocative | *ḱḗr | *ḱérdih₁ | *ḱérdh₂ |
| accusative | *ḱḗr | *ḱérdih₁ | *ḱérdh₂ |
| genitive | *ḱr̥dés | *? | *ḱr̥dóHom |
| ablative | *ḱr̥dés | *? | *ḱr̥dmós,*ḱr̥dbʰós |
| dative | *ḱr̥déy | *? | *ḱr̥dmós,*ḱr̥dbʰós |
| locative | *ḱḗr,*ḱérdi | *? | *ḱr̥dsú |
| instrumental | *ḱr̥déh₁ | *? | *ḱr̥dmís,*ḱr̥dbʰís |