ThisProto-Finnic entry containsreconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directlyattested, but are hypothesized to have existed based oncomparative evidence.

Conflated:

• fromProto-Uralic*-n(genitive marker).
• fromProto-Uralic*-m(accusative marker).

*-n

1. Genitive ending.
2. Accusative singular ending.

• Estonian:(genitive case;transphonologized and exhibited by a stem change)
• Finnish:-n
• Ingrian:-n
• Karelian:
  • North Karelian:-n
  • South Karelian:-n
• Livonian:(genitive case;transphonologized and exhibited by a stem change)
• Livvi:-n
• Ludian:-n
• Veps:-n
• Võro:(genitive case;transphonologized and exhibited by a stem change)
• Votic:(genitive case;transphonologized and exhibited by a stem change)

Probably a Finnic development from the genitive ending (see*-n).

*-n

1. Instructive case ending.

• Finnish:-n

FromProto-Uralic*-m.

*-n

1. First-person singular verb ending.

• Attached after a tense or mood marker, except in the present indicative, where it attaches directly to the verb stem.

• Estonian:-n
• Finnish:-n
• Ingrian:-n
• Karelian:
  • North Karelian:-n
  • South Karelian:-n
• Livvi:-n
• Ludian:-n
• Veps:-n
• Võro:(transphonologized and exhibited by a stem change)
• Votic:-n

• Hakulinen, Lauri. 1941–2000.Suomen kielen rakenne ja kehitys ('The Structure and Development of the Finnish Language'). Helsinki: Otava/Helsingin yliopisto.

• Proto-Finnic terms inherited from Proto-Uralic
• Proto-Finnic terms derived from Proto-Uralic
• Proto-Finnic lemmas
• Proto-Finnic suffixes
• Proto-Finnic inflectional suffixes

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