The nominativeIuppiter, forIūpiter(with shift of the length from vowel to consonant per thelittera rule), comes from the vocative combined withpater, and essentially meant "father Jove"; fromProto-Italic*djous patēr, from*djous(“day, sky”) +*patēr(“father”), fromProto-Indo-European*dyḗws(literally“the bright one”), root nomen agentis from*dyew-(“to be bright, day sky”), and*ph₂tḗr(“father”). Cognate withUmbrian𐌉𐌖𐌐𐌀𐌕𐌄𐌓(iupater), and in other branches of Indo-EuropeanSanskritद्यौष्पितृ(dyáuṣ-pitṛ́),Ancient GreekΖεῦπάτερ(Zeû páter,“o father Zeus”). Equivalent todiēs (cf.Iovis) +pater.
The oblique casesIov-, Iovis continue the inflection ofProto-Indo-European*dyḗws. Cognates are Latindiēs(originatingfrom the accusative case of*djous) andAncient GreekΖεύς(Zeús).
Iuppiter m (genitiveIovis);third declension
Third-declension noun.
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | Iuppiter | Iovēs |
| genitive | Iovis | Iovum |
| dative | Iovī | Iovibus |
| accusative | Iovem | Iovēs |
| ablative | Iove | Iovibus |
| vocative | Iuppiter | Iovēs |
Iuppiter
