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Gothic

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:gothic

English

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A leaf of theCodex Ambrosianus B, which contains examples of theGothic language
TheGothic (Naenia typica)

Alternative forms

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Etymology

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FromLate Latingothicus(Gothic,barbaric), fromAncient GreekΓοτθικός(Gotthikós), fromAncient GreekΓότθοι(Gótthoi,Goths) +-ικός(-ikós,-ic), proposed to derive from unattestedGothic*𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌰(*guta). Equivalent toGoth +‎-ic. The various usages of the adjective are introduced nearly simultaneously in the first half of the 17th century. The literal meaning “of the Goths” is found in the 1611 preface of the King James Bible, in reference tothe Gothicke tongue. The generalized meaning of “Germanic, Teutonic” appears in the 1640s. Reference to the medieval period in Western Europe, and specifically the architecture of that period (“barbaric style”, initially a term of abuse), also appears in the 1640s, as does reference to “Gothic characters” or “Gothic letters” in typography.

Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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Gothic

  1. An extinctGermaniclanguage, once spoken by theGoths.
  2. Certainmoths of the familyNoctuidae.
  3. A particular species ofmoth of the familyNoctuidae,Naenia typica.

Derived terms

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Translations

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extinct Germanic language

See also

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Adjective

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Gothic (comparativemoreGothic,superlativemostGothic)

  1. Of or relating to theGoths or theirlanguage.[from 1611]
  2. (figuratively)Barbarous, rude,unpolished, belonging to the “Dark Ages”,medieval as opposed toclassical.
    Synonyms:barbarous,medieval,rude,unpolished
    Antonym:classical
    • 1782,Frances Burney,Cecilia, II.iii.6:
      “[W]hat he holds of all things to be mostgothic, is gallantry to the women.”
    • 1812 letter,Percy Bysshe Shelley,Prose Works, volume II, quoted inOED, published1888, page384:
      Enormities which gleam like comets through the darkness ofgothic and superstitious ages.
  3. (architecture) Of or relating to thearchitectural style favored inWestern Europe in the 12th to 16th centuries, with high-pointed arches, clustered columns, etc.[from 1640s]
    Coordinate terms:Romanesque,Baroque
    Gothic arches
    • 1944 January and February, C. F. Cobon, “The County of London Plan”, inRailway Magazine, page24:
      Or does the L.C.C. [London County Council] dislike nineteenth centuryGothic?
    • 2000, Paul Frankl, Paul Crossley,Gothic Architecture, Yale University Press,→ISBN, page258:
      TheGothic style did not cease to exist: it did, however, cease to be all-powerful, and it almost ceased to create new forms.Gothic architects had by this time drawn every possible conclusion from the premises which had been laid down[]
  4. (literature) Of or relating to the style offictional writing associated withGothic fiction, emphasizingviolent ormacabre events in amysterious,desolate setting.[from early 19th c.]
    Gothic tales
    • 1975, John V. Murphy,The Dark Angel: Gothic Elements in Shelley's Works, Bucknell University Press,→ISBN, page 9:
      Shelley's two early novelsZastrozzi andSt. Irvyne are, as many scholars have noted, obviously connected to the tradition of theGothic novel; as well, two volumes of early poetry containGothic elements and his tragedyThe Cenci has been[]
  5. (typography, England)Synonym ofblack letter.
    Gothic letters
  6. (typography, US) Of asans seriftypeface using straight, even-width lines, also known asgrotesque orlineal.
  7. Of or relating to thegothsubculture,music orlifestyle.[from 1980s]
    Synonym:goth
    Coordinate terms:punk,post-punk,industrial
    Gothic rock
    Gothic dress
    • 1983 December 24, “OED”, inNew Musical Express:
      Why is thisgothic glam so popular?

Synonyms

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Derived terms

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Translations

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of or relating to the Goths
of or relating to the architectural style
of or relating to a style of fictional writing
of the type formerly used for printing German
of a sans serif typeface
of or relating to the goth subculture or lifestyle

Noun

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Gothic (pluralGothics)

  1. Anovel written in the Gothic style.
    • 1996, Nora Sayre,Sixties going on seventies, page180:
      One hundred fiftyGothics sold over 1.5 million copies a month last spring.

Further reading

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