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China

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:china,chinâ,andčhína

English

 China (disambiguation) on Wikipedia

Etymology 1

EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
Wikimedia Commons has media about:
A reconstruction of the extent of various Chinese realms since theZhou.

FromPortugueseChina,[1][2] from possiblyVenetanCina probably under influence fromOld FrenchChin,[3] fromClassical Persianچین(čīn) under influence fromMedieval LatinSina(China), fromMiddle Persian𐭰𐭩𐭭(Čīn,China), fromSanskritचीन(cīna,theChinese; China) of uncertain etymology. It is usually thought to be derived fromChinese(Qín) (smQín,mcd͡ziɪn,oc*zin, "Qin"), the westernmostancient Chinese state,[4][5][6] but other theories have been proposed, including derivation from /(jìn) (smJìn,mct͡siɪn,oc*ʔsins, "Jin"), another important ancient state;[7] /(jīng) (smJīng,mckˠiæŋ,oc*keŋ, "Chu"), the southernmost ancient Chinese state;[8] orZina, the endonym of the people of theYelang kingdom.[8] See "Names of China" and "Chinas" atWikipedia. As a female name, usually derived viachina(porcelain) andchina doll, ultimately from the same source.

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Proper noun

China (usuallyuncountable,pluralChinas)

  1. Acultural region and civilization inEast Asia, occupying theregion around theYellow,Yangtze, andPearlRivers,taken as awhole under itsvariousdynasties.
    China has 5000 years of history.
    • 1555,Peter Martyr, translated by Richard Eden,The Decades of the Newe Worlde...,folio 230verso:
      The greatChina, whosekyng is thought... the greatest prince in theworlde.
    • 1693,Robert Morden, “Of China”, inGeography Rectified; or a Description of the World[6], 3rd edition,→OCLC,page438:
      AllChina is divided into 15 Provinces, which are bigger than large Kingdoms.
    • 1884 December 10,Mark Twain [pseudonym; Samuel Langhorne Clemens],The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn: (Tom Sawyer’s Comrade) [], London:Chatto & Windus, [],→OCLC:
      If he tells them to build a palace forty miles long, out of di'monds, and fill it full of chewing gum, or whatever you want, and fetch an emperor's daughter fromChina for you to marry, they've got to do it—and they've got to do it before sun-up next morning, too.
  2. A largecountry inEast Asia, occupying the region around theYellow,Yangtze, andPearlRivers; thePeople's Republic of China, since 1949.
    • 1971 December 6, “A Size-up of President Nixon: Interview with Mike Mansfield, Senate Democratic Leader”, inUS News & World Report, page61:
      'Only a Nixon' Could Go toChina
    • 2017,Donald J. Trump,speech at Make America Great Again Rally, Harrisburg, PA
      And I met with the President ofChina at great length in Florida, and we had long, long talks—hours and hours and hours.
    China is 75 years old as ofOctober 1, 2024.
    • 2025 February 1, Kevin Liptak, “With stiff tariffs he promised now in place, Trump opens a new trade war”, inCNN[7]:
      Saturday’s tariffs are unlikely to be Trump’s last. The president said himself said in the Oval Office that additional tariffs could come by mid-February on chips, pharmaceuticals, steel, aluminum, copper, oil and gas imports – along with tariffs on the European Union – all threats that few would discount given his willingness to follow through on the North American andChina tariffs on Saturday.
  3. Synonym ofmainland China.
    The gambling winnings were transferred from Macau toChina.
  4. China inOne China, asserting that there is only one de jure Chinese nation
    It will not change the historical and legal facts that there is only oneChina in the world.
  5. (historical) Any of theempires occupying similarterritory to that of the modern nation ofChina, ruled under variousdynasties up through the early 20th century.
  6. (historical) TheRepublic of China prior to 1949, and sometimes after that time, particularly up through the early 1970's or so (when thePeople's Republic of China assumed theUnited Nations seat allocated to China).
  7. (rare)A femalegiven name.
    • 2001,Susan Wittig Albert, chapter 1, inBloodroot, Berkley Publishing Group,→ISBN, page3:
      My name isChina Bayles. I'm the owner of Thyme and Seasons and the co-owner, with Ruby Wilcox, of a new tearoom called Thyme for Tea.
    • 2014, Neil D. A. Stewart,The Glasgow Coma Scale, Constable & Robinson,→ISBN, page159:
      'What's her name, this girl?' The fight had hoarsened Lynne's voice, and the words came out strangely staccato - a wooden doll that had just learned to speak.
      'China,' he mumbled, feeling an obscure desire to invent a pseudonym for her.
      'What an interesting name.'
      Angus struck the table edge hard. 'Aw, don't gies it.'
      'I don't know what you mean. Or is it a nickname? Fragile, is she?'
  8. Anunincorporated community inJefferson County,Indiana,United States.
  9. Atown inKennebec County,Maine,United States.
  10. Anunincorporated community inHowell County,Missouri,United States.
  11. Ahamlet inDelaware County,New York,United States.
  12. A smallcity inJefferson County,Texas,United States.
  13. Amunicipality andtown inNuevo León,Mexico.
  14. Asurname.
Synonyms
Meronyms
provinces of Chinaedit
Derived terms
Related terms
Descendants
Descendants
Translations
SeeChina/translations § Proper noun.
Statistics
  • According to the 2010 United States Census,China is the 29138th most common surname in the United States, belonging to 813 individuals.China is most common among Black/African-American (48.46%), White (17.47%), Hispanic (14.51%) and Asian/Pacific Islander (13.53%) individuals.

Noun

China (countable anduncountable,pluralChinas)

  1. Alternativeletter-case form ofchina:porcelaintableware.
  2. (obsolete) AChineseperson.
  3. (obsolete)Alternative form ofcheyney:woollenstuff;itemsmade orfilled withcheyney.
  4. Clipping ofChina rose, various flowers.
  5. (botany, beverages)Clipping ofChina tea.
  6. (rhyming slang)Alternative form ofchina: amate, afriend.

See also

countries in Asia (appendix)edit

Etymology 2

EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

FromJapanese知名(ちな)(China).

Pronunciation

Proper noun

China

  1. Atown inKagoshima Prefecture,Japan.
    • 2022 December 24, “School on Japan island lends electric scooters to students for eco-friendly, cheap commute”, inThe Mainichi[9]:
      According to the town ofChina, if all students commuting by motorcycles switched to electric ones, carbon emissions could be reduced to under one-fourth of the current amount.
    • 2024 August 21, “Linguists rush to preserve rare dialect on remote Kagoshima isle”, inThe Asahi Shinbun[10]:
      The two towns on the island,China (pronounced chee-nah) and Wadomari, along with neighboring Tokunoshima island, each have different dialects.

References

  1. ^Duarte Barbosa,Descrição das Terras da India Oriental..., c. 1516.
  2. ^Garcia de Orta,Colóquios dos Simples e Drogas da India, 1563.
  3. ^Marco Polo & al.,Divisiment dou Monde, c. 1298.
  4. ^Dr M. R. Singh (1972),Geographical Data in Early Puranas, page172
  5. ^Mayrhofer, Manfred (2001), “cīna-”, inEtymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎[1] (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page191
  6. ^Yule, Henry (2005),Cathay and the Way Thither[2],→ISBN, pages2–3
  7. ^Zhengzhang, Shangfang (鄭張尚芳) (2006), “古译名勘原辨讹五例 [A Correction of the Erroneous Etymological Analyses of Five Ancient Translated Names]”, in中国语文 (in Chinese), volume315,→ISSN, pages541–549
  8. 8.08.1Wade Geoff (2009-05), “The Polity of Yelang and the Origin of the Name 'China'”, inSino-Platonic Papers[3], number188
  9. ^Leon E. Seltzer, editor (1952), “China”, inThe Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World[4], Morningside Heights, NY:Columbia University Press,→OCLC,page396, column 2

Anagrams

Afrikaans

AfrikaansWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipediaaf

Alternative forms

Etymology

FromDutchChina.

Pronunciation

Proper noun

China

  1. China (acountry in easternAsia)

Asturian

AsturianWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipediaast

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈt͡ʃina/[ˈt͡ʃi.na]
  • Rhymes:-ina
  • Syllabification:Chi‧na

Proper noun

China f

  1. China (acountry in easternAsia)

Related terms

Central Huasteca Nahuatl

Proper noun

China

  1. China (acountry inAsia)

Cornish

CornishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipediakw
Baner Repoblek Werin China.
Tyller Repoblek Werin China.

Etymology

FromEnglishChina, fromPortugueseChina, fromSanskritचीन(cīna,theChinese; China), seeEnglish section for further etymology.

Pronunciation

Proper noun

China f

  1. China (acountry in easternAsia)

Coordinate terms

countries in Asia:powyowAsi (appendix)edit

Derived terms

Mutation

Mutation ofChina
radicalsoftaspiratehardmixed
ChinaJinaunchangedunchangedunchanged

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Cornish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Dutch

DutchWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedianl

Alternative forms

Etymology

Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.
Particularly: “Probably fromPortugueseChina.”

Pronunciation

Proper noun

China n

  1. China (acountry in easternAsia)

Derived terms

See also

Galician

GalicianWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipediagl

Proper noun

China f

  1. China (acountry in easternAsia)

Derived terms

German

GermanWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipediade

Etymology

Possibly fromDutchChina, from possiblyPortugueseChina, fromPersianچین(čin,China), fromMiddle Persian𐭰𐭩𐭭(čīn,China), ultimately fromSanskritचीन(cīna).

Pronunciation

  • Hyphenation:Chi‧na

Proper noun

China n (proper noun,genitiveChinasor(optionally with an article)China,pluralChina)

  1. China (acountry inEast Asia)

Usage notes

Declension

Declension ofChina [neuter, strong]
singularplural
indef.def.noundef.noun
nominativeeindasChinadieChina
genitiveeinesdesChinas,ChinaderChina
dativeeinemdemChinadenChina
accusativeeindasChinadieChina

Further reading

  • China” inDigitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

Hunsrik

Etymology

Etymology tree
Brazilian PortugueseChinabor.
GermanChinabor.
HunsrikChina

    Borrowed fromBrazilian Portuguese andGermanChina.[1]

    Pronunciation

    Proper noun

    China n

    1. China (acountry in easternAsia)
      Das waar imChina gemach.This was made inChina.

    Derived terms

    See also

    countries in Asia:asiatischeLand (appendix)edit

    References

    1. ^Boll, Piter Kehoma (2021), “China”, inDicionário Hunsriqueano Riograndense–Português, 3rd edition (overall work in Portuguese), Ivoti:Riograndenser Hunsrickisch,page30, column 2

    Indonesian

    Proper noun

    China

    1. nonstandard spelling ofCina

    Interlingua

    InterlinguaWikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipediaia

    Proper noun

    China

    1. China (acountry in easternAsia)

    Malay

    MalayWikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipediams

    Etymology

    FromMiddle Persian[script needed](ṣīn,Chinese; porcelain), probably fromSanskritचीन(cīna). Attested in 1701 in Thomas Bowery's English-Malay and Malay-English bilingual dictionary.[1]

    The spelling is a carryover from theZa'aba Spelling used before 1972, to distinguish it fromCina(Chinese people).

    Pronunciation

    Proper noun

    China (Jawi spellingچينا)

    1. China (acountry in easternAsia)
      Synonym:Tiongkok(Riau Malay, Indonesian)

    References

    1. ^Bowrey, T. (1701),A Dictionary, English and Malayo, Malayo and English: To which is Added Some Short Grammar Rules \& Directions for the Better Observation of the Propriety and Elegancy of this Language : and Also Several Miscellanies, Dialogues, and Letters, in English and Malayo for the Learners Better Understanding the Expressions of the Malayo Tongue : Together with a Table of Time, Computing the Years and Moons of the Hegira to the Years and Months of the English Stile ...[5], Sam. Bridge,→LCCN, page50:China,Nēgreechēna.

    Further reading

    Occitan

    OccitanWikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipediaoc

    Alternative forms

    Proper noun

    China f

    1. China (acountry in easternAsia)

    Derived terms

    References

    • Guilhemjoan, Patric (2005),Diccionari elementari occitan-francés francés-occitan (gascon), Per Noste,→ISBN, page 146.

    Portuguese

    PortugueseWikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipediapt
    bandeira da China

    Etymology

    Perhaps fromVenetanCina probably under influence fromOld FrenchChin, fromClassical Persianچین(čīn) under influence fromMedieval LatinSina(China), fromMiddle Persian𐭰𐭩𐭭(Čīn,China), ultimately fromSanskritचीन(cīna). CompareMalayCina.

    Pronunciation

     
     

    • Hyphenation:Chi‧na

    Proper noun

    China f (pluralChinas)

    1. China (acountry in easternAsia)
      • 2007, Rubens Edwald Filho, Nilu Lebert,O cinema vai à mesa, Editora Melhoramentos,→ISBN,page31:
        Mudam os ingredientes do caldo, mudam as massas. O macarrão soba é à base de trigo sarraceno e é servido quente ou gelado; o udon, de farinha branca, pode ser encontrado fresco ou seco; o sômen é bem fininho, quase um cabelo-de-anjo japonês; o harusame, para ser servido gelado, é uma massa feita de feijão-verde e, finalmente, existe o lamen, originário daChina, porém muito difundido no Japão.
        (pleaseadd an English translation of this quotation)

    Derived terms

    Descendants

    Romanian

    RomanianWikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipediaro

    Alternative forms

    Etymology

    Borrowed fromGreekΚίνα(Kína), ultimately fromSanskritचीन(cīna).

    Pronunciation

    Proper noun

    China f

    1. China (acountry in easternAsia)

    Derived terms

    Related terms

    Romansh

    Proper noun

    la China f

    1. China (acountry in easternAsia)

    Related terms

    Shona

    Etymology

    From-china(fourth), counting the days of the working week from Monday.

    Noun

    China class7

    1. Thursday

    See also

    Spanish

    SpanishWikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipediaes

    Etymology

    Possibly fromVenetanCina, fromClassical Persianچین(Čin,China) under influence fromMedieval LatinSina(China), fromMiddle Persian𐭰𐭩𐭭(Čīn,China), ultimately fromSanskritचीन(cīna), ultimately possibly fromOld Chinese(*zin).

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /ˈt͡ʃina/[ˈt͡ʃi.na]
    • Audio:(file)
    • Rhymes:-ina
    • Syllabification:Chi‧na

    Proper noun

    China f

    1. China (acountry in easternAsia)

    Derived terms

    Related terms

    Descendants

    See also

    countries in Asia:países deAsia (appendix)edit

    Swahili

    Pronunciation

    Proper noun

    China

    1. alternative form ofUchina
    Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=China&oldid=89516674"
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