Japanese nidan verbs inClassical Japanese, which are verbs that follow the two-grade conjugation, or二(に)段(だん)活(かつ)用(よう)(nidan katsuyō); also known asbigrade verbs.

These are further divided into上(かみ)二(に)段(だん)活(かつ)用(よう)(kami nidan katsuyō,“upper bigrade conjugation”) verbs, with verb stems that alternate between-u and-i endings, and下(しも)二(に)段(だん)活(かつ)用(よう)(shimo nidan katsuyō,“lower bigrade conjugation”) verbs, with verb stems that alternate between-u and-e endings.

This conjugation is archaic in the modern language, and has been superseded by theichidan conjugation.

• Japanese verbs by inflection type

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