FromProto-Finnic*-kta (<*-k-ta), from *-k (marker for the present tense) + *-ta (fromProto-Uralic). Form influenced byte, the second-person plural personal pronoun. In the past tense, there was originally-i- in place of-k- (*-ita > *-itë), but the present suffix has been generalized to all tenses and moods.[1]
- IPA(key): /-tːe/,[-t̪ːe̞]
- IPA(key): /-tːeˣ/,[-t̪ːe̞(ʔ)](in some dialects)
-tte
- (personal)Forms the second-person plural of verbs.
- luette(plural or polite) ―you read
- Suffixed to the same stem that the first-person singular has, both in the present and the past tense, and in indicative, conditional and potential mood.
- ^Petri Kallio (2021) “Kaksikko aina kaunihimpi? Itämerensuomalaisten possessiivisuffiksien taustaa”, in Taina Saarikivi, Janne Saarikivi, editors,Turhan tiedon kirja: Tutkimuksista pois jätettyjä sivuja (Kirjokansi;291) (in Finnish), pages157-173
-tte
- (past-tense suffix)Forms the third-person singular past tense of verbs (definite conjugation).
- sző(“to weave”) + -tte → szőtte(“he/she wove, he/she has/had woven it”)
- (noun-forming suffix)Forms nouns from certain verbs (cf.-és), incorporating the third-person singular possessive suffix (-e), which can be replaced by other personal possessive suffixes.
- jön(“to come”) + -tte → jötte(“his/her/its coming”)
- (past-tense and verbal-participle suffix) Variants:
- -ta is added to most back-vowel verbs
- -te is added to most front-vowel verbs
- -tta is added to back-vowel verbs ending in a vowel(hí,rí,szí;ó,ró;fú)
- -tte is added to front-vowel verbs ending in a vowel(lő,nő,sző;nyű)
- -otta is added to back-vowel verbs ending in two consonants or a long vowel +t, or to monosyllables ending in-t (fut,nyit, exceptlát)
- -ette is added to unrounded front-vowel verbs ending in two consonants or a long vowel +t, or to monosyllables ending in-t(vet)
- -ötte is added to rounded front-vowel verbs ending in two consonants or a long vowel +t, or to monosyllables ending in-t(köt,süt,üt)
- (noun-forming suffix) Variants:
- -ta is added to most back-vowel verbs
- -te is added to most front-vowel verbs
- -tte is added to front-vowel verbs that originally ended in a vowel (likejön, originallyjő)
- -ata is added to back-vowel verbs that form the infinitive with a linking vowel (likehall)
- -ete is added to front-vowel verbs that form the infinitive with a linking vowel (likekell)
-tte
- locativesingular of-tta