(possessive)Used in a participle structure replacing anettä clause, preceded by a verb expressing e.g. telling, claiming, asserting, confirming, thinking, wish, desire, seeming, when the clauses have the same subject "you" (addressing one person); appended to the active present participle in genitive singular when the action is concurrent with the main clause.
Sanoittekeväsi läksyjäsi.(similar to the Latin structureaccusativus cum infinitivo, e.g.sedicitfacere)
You saidthat you were doing your homework.
(possessive)Used in a participle structure replacing anettä clause, preceded by a verb expressing e.g. telling, claiming, asserting, confirming, thinking, wish, desire, seeming, when the clauses have the same subject "you" (addressing one person); appended to the active past participle in genitive singular when the said/alleged (etc.) action antedates the main clause.
Väitittehneesi läksyjäsi.
You claimedto have been doing your homework.
(possessive)Used in a shortened sentence expressing concurrent actions when the clauses have the same subject "you" (addressing one person), appended to the inessive of the active second infinitive.
(While) doing your homework, you heard a shot from outside.
(possessive)Used in a shortened sentence expressing subsequent actions when the clauses have the same subject "you" (addressing one person), appended to the partitive of the passive past participle singular.
Tehtyäsi läksysi (sinä) kuulit laukauksen ulkoa.
(After) having done / After doing your homework, you heard a shot from outside.
(possessive)Used in a final shortened sentence expressing "in order to do" when the clauses have the same subject "you" (addressing one person), appended to the long first infinitive.
Tehdäksesi läksysi hyvin (sinä) menit hiljaiseen huoneeseen.
(In order) to do your homework well, you went into a quiet room.
(possessive)Used in someadverbs, when the clause has the subject "you" (addressing one person).
Olit hyvin pahoillasi siitä.
You were verysorry about it.
(possessive)Always appended to a noun in the comitative case when the clause has the subject "you" (addressing one person).
The possessive suffix-si is compulsory in standard Finnish. The genitive form of the corresponding personal pronounsinä before the main word can, depending on the context, be sometimes omitted in written language if the sentence remains fluent. In colloquial Finnish, the suffix-si is very rare and only the genitive formsinun (or its colloquial or dialectal variants) is used before the main word.
Appended to the (strong) vowel stem. The final-n of the genitive and illative singular and plural or the-t of the nominative plural are omitted, for example:talo(“house”) >taloon(“into a/the house”) >taloosi(“into your house”).
The shortened sentences — except for the participle structures — pertain mainly to formal/standard Finnish, not to informal/colloquial Finnish. It is also to be noticed that the shortened clauses are never separated from the main clauses with a comma.
Appended to present active infinitive verb forms to derive reflexive forms with a third person object. Also appended to the present indicative of some verb to derive their passive forms. The final -e of the original infinitive is removed before the reflexive suffix is added.
Where the verb ends in-rre, the finalre is removed, leaving behind just an-r:
This is used in newer adaptations of English loanwords ending in-tion and-sion in an effort to make the ending of such words uniform with its Dutch-derived counterparts in Indonesian. Previously, the suffix in words of this kind were adapted as-sen and-syen (e.g. as inlosen forlotion andposyen forpotion).
c.800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published inThesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb.14a8
Níba cuit adíll ⁊ cucuibsi, acht ainfa lib, ar nídad foirbthi-si; it foirbthi immurgu Macidonii.
It will not be merely a passing visit to youpl, but I will remain with you, foryou are not perfect; the Macedonians, however, are perfect.
c.800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published inThesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb.14c2a
Gigeste-si Día linn ara·fulsam ar fochidi.
You will pray to God for us so that we may endure our sufferings.
c.800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published inThesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb.16d8
Emphatic suffixes are added to nouns modified by a possessive determiner to emphasize the possessor; to verbs, predicate adjectives, and predicate nouns to emphasize the subject; and to inflected prepositions to emphasize the object.
