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-mesha-

    From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

    Swahili

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    Alternative forms

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    Etymology

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    From-me- +-isha(“to finish”).

    Pronunciation

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    Infix

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    -mesha-

    1. counterexpectative perfect aspect marker, indicates that an action has taken place even though one might have expected otherwise
      Near-synonym:-me-
      Wameshakisoma hicho kitabu. ―Theyhave actually read this book.

    Conjugation

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    Conjugation of-mesha-
    singularplural
    1st personnimesha-tumesha-
    2nd personumesha-mmesha-
    3rd
    person    		m-wa(I/II)amesha-wamesha-
    m-mi(III/IV)umesha-imesha-
    ji-ma(V/VI)limesha-yamesha-
    ki-vi(VII/VIII)kimesha-vimesha-
    n(IX/X)imesha-zimesha-
    u(XI)umesha-seen(X) orma(VI)
    ku(XV/XVII)kumesha-
    pa(XVI)pamesha-
    mu(XVIII)mmesha-

    For more information, seeAppendix:Swahili verbs.

    See also

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    Swahili TAM markers
    • Initial
    • Final
      • General (positive indicative):-a
      • Positive subjunctive:-e
      • Negative present:-i
      • Second person plural:-ni
    • Infix position positive subject concord
    • Infix position negative subject concord
      • Negative past:-ku-1
      • Negative future:-ta-
      • "Not yet":-ja-1
      • Negative present conditional:-nge-
      • Negative past conditional:-ngali-
    • Relative

    1 Can take stress and therefore does not require-ku-/-kw- in monosyllabic verbs.

    • -kisha-(conditional future tense marker)
    • -lisha-(past "already" tense marker)
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