• (Classical Latin)IPA^(key): /i.us/,[iʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)IPA^(key): /i.us/,[ius](stressed on the antepenult)

FromOld Latin-ios, fromProto-Italic*-jos, fromProto-Indo-European*-yós. Cognate with Ancient Greek-ῐος(-ĭos).

-ius (feminine-ia,neuter-ium);first/second-declension suffix

1. forming adjectives from nouns
2. found as an ending of most Classical Latin'nomina gentilicia' (family names or surnames, shared by the members of agens)
3. (New Latin)suffix for Latinizing surnames

The suffix-ius is added to anoun to form anadjective indicating "made of" or "belonging to" that noun.

Examples:

‎pater(“father”) + ‎-ius → ‎patrius(“paternal”)

‎rēx(“king, ruler”) + ‎-ius → ‎rēgius(“kingly, royal”)

‎uxor(“wife”) + ‎-ius → ‎uxōrius(“uxorious”)

‎papȳrus(“papyrus”) + ‎-ius → ‎papȳrius(“made of papyrus”)

In taxonomics,^[1] out of analogy with ancient Romannomina gentilicia, this suffix is added to surnames ending in a consonant other than the ending-er and, sometimes, replacing a mute final -e.

Examples:

‎FrenchDescartes + ‎-ius → ‎Cartesius

‎GermanLeibniz + ‎-ius → ‎Leibnitius

‎GermanSchmalz + ‎-ius → ‎Smalcius

‎EnglishShakespeare + ‎-ius → ‎Shakespeārius

First/second-declension adjective.

• -āceus
• -āneus
• -ticus

• -ium

• “-ius” on page 986/1 of theOxford Latin Dictionary (1st ed., 1968–82)

See-ior(suffix forming adjectives’ comparative degrees).

-ius

1. nominative/accusative/vocativeneutersingular of-ior

See-ō(suffix forming adverbs).

-ius

1. comparative degree ofadverbs ending in -ō

FromProto-Italic*-osjos, itself fromProto-Indo-European*-ósyo(genitive case suffix) secondarily marked with the genitive*-s.

-ius

1. the regular genitive singular suffix for most pronouns

   quī,cuius

   hic,huius

   ūnus,ūnī̆us

   alter,alterī̆us (alongsidealterī,alterae)

Like 3d- and 4th-declension, and unlike 1st- and 2nd-declension forms, has one form for all genders. A gendered adjective option also exists forcuius.

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