-ina

1. (taxonomy)Used to form names ofsubtribes ofanimals
2. (taxonomy)Used to form names ofsuborders ofanimals
3. (taxonomy)Used to form names oftaxa subordinate to the higher rank from which they are derived
4. (taxonomy)Used to form names ofgenera from other genera indicating a smaller size of organism

FromItalian-ina and its etymonClassical Latin-īna. In some instances perhaps also partly viaSpanish-ina.^[1]

-ina

1. Alternative form of-ine (forming feminine nouns).
   • 1915 May,Wilhelm Boelsche, translated by Rheamars Dredenov, “The Love Adventures of the Spider”, inCharles H[ope] Kerr, editor,The International Socialist Review, volume XV, number11, Chicago, Ill.:Charles H. Kerr & Company,page659, column 2:

     Here are the male spider and the female spider (which shall be named “spiderina” in this article), both of the species of the garden spider. The former is only two-thirds of the size of MissSpiderina.

   • 2015,Jim Benton, “Thursday 12”, inLive Each Day to the Dumbest (Dear Dumb Diary: Year Two), New York, N.Y.:Scholastic Inc.,→ISBN:

     I HAVE PROBABLY INVENTED THE PROFESSION OFLAWYERINA

   • 2017, Fuse, translated by Kevin Gifford,That Time I Got Reincarnated as a Slime‎^[1], volume 1, New York, N.Y.:Yen Press, LLC,→ISBN:

     Gobta and his attackers turned around to find agoblina staring them down—a fighter, judging by her muddy red hair.[…] Hobgoblins of either gender were high-level creatures capable of language, far more intelligent than their goblin relatives.

2. Used to form names ofmusical instruments.

-ina f

1. -y(forming diminutives of feminine nouns)

• -ín

-ina f

1. femininesingular of-í

-ina f (noun-forming suffix,plural-ines)

1. forms diminutives

   ‎joc m(“game”) + ‎-ina → ‎joguina f(“toy”)

   ‎mantell m(“cloak”) + ‎-ina → ‎mantellina f(“mantilla”)

2. forms names of plants, animals, tools, and other nouns related to a base noun or verb

   ‎taronja(“orange”) + ‎-ina → ‎taronjina(“orange blossom”)

   ‎sang(“blood”) + ‎-ina → ‎sanguina(“blood orange”)

   ‎moltó(“wether(castrated ram)”) + ‎-ina → ‎moltonina(“sheepskin”)

   ‎escopir(“to spit”) + ‎-ina → ‎escopina(“spit, saliva”)

-ina f (noun-forming suffix,plural-ines)

1. -ine(used to form names of chemical substances)

• “-ina”, inGran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana,Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana,2026
• “-ina” inDiccionari normatiu valencià,Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.

Inherited fromOld Czech-ina, fromProto-Slavic*-ina.

• IPA^(key): [ ɪna]
• Rhymes:-ɪna

-ina f (noun-forming suffix)

1. noun forming suffix

   ‎pustý + ‎-ina → ‎pustina

   ‎list + ‎-ina → ‎listina

   ‎kráva + ‎-ina → ‎kravina

• Substantiva tvořená příponou -ina, Naše řeč (1938)
• -ina inSlovník afixů užívaných v češtině, 2017

-ina (front vowel harmony variant-inä,linguistic notation-inA)

1. alternative form of-na(suffix deriving nouns from verbs)

Borrowed fromSpanish-ina.

• IPA^(key): /ˈina/

-ina

1. used to form some female names

   ‎Devi + ‎-ina → ‎Devina

   ‎Karen + ‎-ina → ‎Karenina

Some names already have this ending and do not derived with this suffix, for exampleSafina (fromArabicسَفِينة(safīna,“ship”)) orSabrina (fromArabicصَابْرِينَا(ṣābrīnā), ultimately from English).

Borrowed fromEnglish-ine,French-ine,Italian-ina,Portuguese-ina/Spanish-ina, all ultimately fromLatin-īna.

• IPA^(key): /ˈina/

1=n

-ina

1. (chemistry)forms nouns from nouns, denoting a technical term for a substance;container

   ‎caseo(“cheese”) + ‎-ina → ‎caseina(“caseine”)

   ‎globulo(“globule”) + ‎-ina → ‎globulino(“globuline”)

   ‎vacca(“cow”) + ‎-ina → ‎vaccina(“vaccine”)

• Alexander Gode; Hugh E. Blair (1955),Interlingua: A Grammar of the International Language,→ISBN

• -lina

• IPA^(key): /ˈi.na/
• Rhymes:-ina
• Hyphenation:-ì‧na

FromLatin-īna.

-ina f (noun-forming suffix,plural-ine)

1. inflectional suffix used to formdiminutives of feminine nouns

   ‎mano(“hand”) + ‎-ina → ‎manina(“small hand”)

   ‎coperta(“blanket”) + ‎-ina → ‎copertina(“cover”)

2. used to form the feminine of masculine nouns andgiven names

   ‎eroe(“hero”) + ‎-ina → ‎eroina(“heroine”)

   ‎Giuseppe + ‎-ina → ‎Giuseppina

3. used to form collective numerals

   ‎cinquanta(“fifty”) + ‎-ina → ‎cinquantina(“a total of about fifty”)

4. used to derive nouns denoting a profession

   ‎Croce Rossa(“Red Cross”) + ‎-ina → ‎crocerossina(“Red Cross nurse”)

5. used to derive nouns denoting an ethnic or geographical origin

   ‎Alessandria(“Alessandria;Alexandria”) + ‎-ina → ‎alessandrina(“female native or inhabitant ofAlessandria orAlexandria”)

6. used to derive adjectives denoting composition, color or other qualities

-ina f (non-lemma form of adjective-forming suffix)

1. femininesingular of-ino(suffix forming relational adjectives and demonyms)

   ‎smeraldo(“emerald”) + ‎-ina → ‎smeraldina(“emerald(relational; feminine singular); emerald green(feminine singular)”)

-ina f (noun-forming suffix,plural-ine)

1. (chemistry)used to form names of chemical substances;-ine

• -etta
• -uccia

• ain,ani

• (Classical Latin)IPA^(key): [ˈiː.na]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)IPA^(key): [ˈiː.na]

Nominalization of the feminine form of-īnus(“of or pertaining to”). For the nouns naming locations, perhaps compare the feminine gender oftaberna(“shop, store”). Nouns in-īna with abstract senses, such asmedicīna f(“practice of medicine”), can be interpreted as adjectives in agreement with a nounars f(“art”) that is omitted by ellipsis.[1]

-īna f (genitive-īnae);first declension

1. Used to form nouns describing places where a certain activity is carried out, or abstract nouns naming activities^[1]

   ‎opifex(“worker, craftsman, artisan”) + ‎-īna → ‎officīna(“workshop, workroom”)

   ‎coquus(“cook”) + ‎-īna → ‎coquīna(“kitchen; cookery”)

   ‎fodiō(“to dig”) + ‎-īna → ‎fodīna(“mine”)

   ‎medicus(“doctor, physician”) + ‎-īna → ‎medicīna(“medicine; cure; practice of medicine”)

2. Used to form nouns or names denoting female beings

   ‎gallus(“rooster, cock”) + ‎-īna → ‎gallīna(“hen”)

   ‎cloāca(“sewer”) + ‎-īna → ‎Cloācīna(“goddess of the Cloaca Maxima”)

Nouns in-īna often show syncope of an internal syllable preceding the suffix, as indoctor,doctrīna;figulus(“potter”),figlīna(“potter's workshop”);opifex(“craftsman, artisan, worker”),officīna(“workshop”); anddiscipulus,disciplīna. Some have alternative forms without syncope, sometimes attested specifically in the context of Old Latin, such asdiscipulīna andopificīna (found in Plautus). Many nouns in-īna are built on nouns that serve as the name of professions or occupations, including a number of formations in-trīna from agent nouns in-tor.

First-declension noun.

• (forms nouns denoting places):-āria,-ārium,-tōrium

See the etymology of the correspondinglemma form.

-īna

1. inflection of-īnus:
   1. nominative/vocative/ablativefemininesingular
   2. nominative/accusative/vocativeneuterplural

-ina

1. passive ending(used for words ending in 'a')

Inherited fromProto-Slavic*-ina.

• IPA^(key): (13^th CE)/ˈina/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE)/ˈina/

-ina f (noun-forming suffix)

1. noun forming suffix

   ‎druh + ‎-ina → ‎družina

   ‎pustý + ‎-ina → ‎pustina

   ‎slabý + ‎-ina → ‎slabina

   ‎hostiti + ‎-ina → ‎hostina

• This suffix causesfirst palatalisation of the preceding consonant.

• Czech:-ina

Inherited fromProto-Slavic*-ina.

• IPA^(key): (10^th–15^th CE)/ina/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE)/ina/

-ina

1. forms feminine nouns of various meanings

• Polish:-ina

• -yna

Inherited fromOld Polish-ina.

• IPA^(key): /ˈi.na/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes:-ina
• Syllabification:-i‧na
• Homophone:Ina

-ina f

1. appended to nouns or proper nouns, often surnames (ending with -a and -g, -ge, -go) to form nouns meaning: wife of

   Synonym:-owa

2. (obsolete)appended to animals to mean meat of
3. (obsolete)appended to trees to form nouns meaning: forest of
4. forms feminine nouns of various meanings

• -ina in Polish dictionaries at PWN

-ina f (noun-forming suffix,plural-inas)

1. (chemistry)-ine,-in

-ina f (noun-forming suffix,plural-inas)

1. female equivalent of-ino

-ina f (non-lemma form of adjective-forming suffix)

1. femininesingular of-ino

• “-ina”, inDicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026

Inherited fromProto-Slavic*-ina.

-ina (Cyrillic spelling-ина)

1. Suffix appended to words to create feminine nouns.
2. Suffix appended to words to create a possessive form of feminine nouns.
3. Suffix appended to noun roots to form an augmentative (the resulting noun is always feminine) frequently with pejorative or negative connotation.

• -arina
• -enina

Inherited fromProto-Slavic*-ina.

-ina f

1. suffix used to form feminine nouns denoting geographical features, landscapes, slopes, or depressions

   ‎dol(“bottom”) + ‎-ina → ‎dolina(“valley”)

   ‎kotol(“kettle”) + ‎-ina → ‎kotlina(“basin”)

   ‎strmý(“steep”) + ‎-ina → ‎strmina(“precipice; steep slope”)

   ‎šikmý(“slanted”) + ‎-ina → ‎šikmina(“slope; incline”)

2. suffix used to form collective nouns denoting stands, groves, or groupings of specific plants, trees, or vegetation

   ‎jelša(“alder”) + ‎-ina → ‎jelšina(“alder grove”)

   ‎lopúch(“burdock”) + ‎-ina → ‎lopušina(“burdock patch”)

   ‎borovica(“pine”) + ‎-ina → ‎borina(“pine forest”)

   ‎buk(“beech”) + ‎-ina → ‎bučina(“beech forest”)

3. suffix used to form nouns denoting specific categories or groups of plants, agricultural crops, or vegetation

   ‎byľ(“stalk”) + ‎-ina → ‎bylina(“herb; plant”)

   ‎zelený(“green”) + ‎-ina → ‎zelenina(“vegetables”)

   ‎ozimný(“winter (adj.)”) + ‎-ina → ‎ozimina(“winter crop”)

4. suffix used to form nouns denoting animal products, specifically meat, fats, or pelts

   ‎divý(“wild”) + ‎-ina → ‎divina(“venison; game meat”)

   ‎bravčový(“pork (adj.)”) + ‎-ina → ‎bravčovina(“pork (meat)”)

   ‎hovädzí(“beef (adj.)”) + ‎-ina → ‎hovädzina(“beef (meat)”)

   ‎slaný(“salty”) + ‎-ina → ‎slanina(“bacon”)

   ‎kožuch(“fur, skin”) + ‎-ina → ‎kožušina(“fur; pelt”)

5. suffix used to form nouns denoting a characteristic smell, aroma, or quality, often unpleasant

   ‎myší(“mouse (adj.)”) + ‎-ina → ‎myšina(“smell of mice”)

   ‎pleseň(“mold”) + ‎-ina → ‎plesnina(“mustiness; smell of mold”)

   ‎stuchlý(“musty”) + ‎-ina → ‎stuchlina(“musty odor”)

6. suffix used to form expressive or colloquial nouns denoting nonsense, jokes, or fun

   ‎pes(“dog”) + ‎-ina → ‎psina(“fun; joke”)

   ‎krava(“cow”) + ‎-ina → ‎kravina(“bullshit; nonsense”)

   ‎kôň(“horse”) + ‎-ina → ‎konina(“nonsense”)

7. suffix used to form nouns denoting fractions or quantitative groupings

   ‎osem(“eight”) + ‎-ina → ‎osmina(“one eighth”)

   ‎desať(“ten”) + ‎-ina → ‎desatina(“one tenth”)

   ‎menší(“smaller”) + ‎-ina → ‎menšina(“minority”)

   ‎väčší(“larger”) + ‎-ina → ‎väčšina(“majority”)

8. suffix used to form nouns denoting types of matter, materials, waste, or biological remains

   ‎zdochlý(“dead”) + ‎-ina → ‎zdochlina(“carcass; cadaver”)

   ‎hluchý(“barren”) + ‎-ina → ‎hlušina(“gangue; waste rock”)

   ‎zem(“earth”) + ‎-ina → ‎zemina(“soil; earth material”)

9. suffix used to form nouns denoting the result of an action or a concrete object created by a process

   ‎čmáraný(“scribbled”) + ‎-ina → ‎čmáranina(“scribble; scrawl”)

   ‎zlúčený(“combined”) + ‎-ina → ‎zlúčenina(“compound; combination”)

   ‎nový(“new”) + ‎-ina → ‎novina(“news; novelty”)