-ik

1. A suffix used to form the plurals of some animate words.

• Often used to form the plurals of words (especially nouns denoting people who have particular occupations or activities) which end in the consonantd ort (which causes thed ort to mutate intoj:nodabônkad, "baker" →nodabônkajik, "bakers"); only rarely used to form the plurals of words ending in other letters (nodkwaag, notkwahag, "pilot" →nodkwaagik, notkwahagik, "pilots").
• See the usage notes at-ak.

-ik m (indefinite plural-ikë,definite singular-iku,feminine equivalent-ike)

1. -al

   Synonym:-tar

   ‎jetë(“life”) + ‎-ik → ‎jetik(“vital”)

-ik

1. First-personpluralpresentsimplecopula
   1. [we]are

• -rik(after vowels)

-ik

1. Partitive suffix.

   ‎etxe(“house”) + ‎-ik → ‎etxerik(“any house?”)

2. Adverbial suffix,-ly

   ‎poz(“joy”) + ‎-ik → ‎pozik(“happy, happily”)

• R. L. Trask (2008), “-ik”, inMax W. Wheeler, editor,Etymological Dictionary of Basque, University of Sussex,page221

FromProto-Celtic*-ikos. Cognate withBreton andWelsh-ig.

-ik m (plural-igow)

1. Forms diminutives

   ‎hos(“duck”) + ‎-ik → ‎heyjik(“duckling”)

   ‎davas(“sheep”) + ‎-ik → ‎davasik(“lamb”)

FromProto-Finnic*-ikkoi.

-ik (genitive-iku,partitive-ikut)

1. Derives nouns from numerals, with the meaning "group of".

   kaks(“two”) →kaksik(“twin, group of two”)

   kolm(“three”) →kolmik(“triplet, group of three”)

   neli(“four”) →nelik(“quadruplet, four of a kind (poker), group of four”)

Borrowed fromLatin-icus andAncient Greek-ικός(-ikós).

• IPA^(key): /-ɪk/

• Audio(Germany (Berlin)):

  (file)

-ik f

1. Forms abstract nouns, typically of Latin/Greek stems as the counterpart to adjectives in-isch.
   1. Forms nouns referring to fields of study.

      ‎pädagogisch(“pedagogical”) + ‎-ik → ‎Pädagogik(“pedagogy”)

      ‎kombinatorisch(“combinatory”) + ‎-ik → ‎Kombinatorik(“combinatorics”)

   2. Forms nouns referring to schools of thought or movements.

      ‎romantisch(“romantic”) + ‎-ik → ‎Romantik(“romanticism”)

      ‎klassisch(“classical”) + ‎-ik → ‎Klassik(“classicism”)

   3. Forms nouns describing a characteristic.

      ‎rhythmisch(“rhythmic”) + ‎-ik → ‎Rhythmik(“rhythmicity”)

• IPA^(key): [ik]
• Rhymes:-ik

Adjective suffix.

-ik

2. (adjective-forming suffix)A unique identification suffix (often used together with thedefinite articlea/az(“the”)). Used with (chiefly comparative, sometimes superlative) adjectives, answering the questionmelyik?(“which?”), specifyingone out of a specific set of things/persons.

   más(“different”) ―(egy) másik(“another one”) ―a másik(“the otherone”)

   rosszabb(“worse”) →a rosszabbik(“the worseone”)

   akisebbik rossz(at választja) ―(to choose)the lesser of two evils

   A nagyobbik szobában Péter lakik. ―Peter lives inthe bigger room (out of a specific set of rooms).

Possessive suffix.

-ik

2. possessive suffix for multiple possessions if there is no noun for the possessor:
   1. their ……-s(third-person plural; the pronounő(“s/he”) (!) being optional for emphasis)

      kapu(“gate”) →a kapuik, az ő kapuik(“their gates”)

      érme(“coin”) →az érméik, az ő érméik(“their coins”)

   2. (formal)your ……-s(second-person plural, grammatically resembling the third person plural)

      kapu(“gate”) →a kapuik(“your [formal, plural] gates”),alternatively:az önök kapui, a maguk kapui (!)

      érme(“coin”) →az érméik(“your [formal, plural] coins”),alternatively:az önök érméi, a maguk érméi (!)

• (possessive suffix) Variants:

  -ik is added to words ending in a vowel except-i. Final-a changes to-á-. Final-e changes to-é-.

  -aik is added to some back-vowel words ending in a consonant

  -eik is added to some front-vowel words ending in a consonant

  -jaik is added to some back-vowel words ending in a consonant or the vowel-i

  -jeik is added to some front-vowel words ending in a consonant or the vowel-i

Personal suffix.

-ik

2. (personal suffix) The ending of a large group of passive/reflexive verbs inindefinitethird-person singular present tense, theirdictionary form.

   Sokat utazik. ―S/he travels a lot.

4. (personal suffix) Used to form thedefinitethird-person plural present indicative of (front-vowel) verbs.

   Coordinate term:(for back-vowel verbs)-ják

   Megnézik a filmet. ―They will seethe movie. [frommegnéz(“to look at, to see”), indicating a definite object, here required bya(“the”)]

The above two senses are usually not difficult to distinguish as long as one knows whether the lemma of the verb ends in-ik. If it does, it is usually not a transitive verb (since most-ik verbs have a passive or reflexive meaning) so it will be probably an (indefinite) singular. On the other hand, if the lemma of the verb has no-ik, the only option is the definite plural.

Eszik(“to eat”) is one of the few-ik verbs that are transitive. In such a case, one needs to rely on the definiteness of the object. For more details, see itsUsage notes.

• (personal suffix, definite conjugation) See harmonic variants in the table below.

• Category:Hungarian verbs ending in -ik
• Category:Hungarian noun forms
• Appendix:Hungarian possessive suffixes
• Appendix:Hungarian suffixes

FromEnglish-ic, fromOld French-ique, fromLatin-icus, fromProto-Indo-European*-kos, *-ḱos, formed with thei-stem suffix*-i- and the adjectival suffix*-kos, *-ḱos.

-ik

1. -ic

   analitik ―analytic

The suffix-ik often appears on loaned words from English. Many words with this suffix have synonyms with suffix-is which were loaned from Dutch. However, the Dutch-loaned-is is seemingly preferred over English-loaned-ik. Never used in chemical compound sense.

• -ikal
• -is
• -at

• IPA^(key): [-ik̚]
• Hyphenation:-ik

Borrowed fromEnglish-ic, fromOld French-ique, fromLatin-icus, fromProto-Indo-European*-kos, *-ḱos, formed with thei-stem suffix*-i- and the adjectival suffix*-kos, *-ḱos.

-ik (Jawi spellingـيک)

1. -ic.

   saintifik ―scientific

The suffix-ik often appears in loanwords from English. Many words with this suffix have synonyms with the suffix-is many of which were loaned from Dutch through Indonesian, although not all of them are (e.g.gramatis).

Borrowed fromEnglish-ics.

-ik (Jawi spellingـيک)

1. -ics.

   linguistik ―linguistics

Borrowed fromEnglish-ique.

-ik (Jawi spellingـيک)

1. -ique.

   unik ―unique

• -ikal
• -is
• -at

-ik

1. alternative form of-y

FromOld French-ique, fromLatin-icus, fromProto-Indo-European*-kos.Doublet of-y.

• -ike,-ique,-ic,-ice

• IPA^(key): /iːk/,/ik/

-ik

1. Forms adjectives denoting a quality or characteristic from nouns;-ic.
2. Forms nouns, mainly names of arts and sciences.

• English:-ic

• “-ī̆k(e,suf.”, inMED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.:University of Michigan,2007.

Inherited fromProto-Slavic*-ikъ.

• IPA^(key): (10^th–15^th CE)/iːk/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE)/ik/

-ik

1. forms nouns, often diminutive

• Polish:-ik

• -yk

• IPA^(key): /ik/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes:-ik
• Syllabification:-ik
• Homophone:Ig

Inherited fromOld Polish-ik.

-ik m

1. forms nouns, often diminutive

   ‎słodki + ‎-ik → ‎słodzik

Masculine personal:

Masculine inanimate:

Learned borrowing fromAncient Greek-ικος(-ikos),Latin-icus.

-ik m (feminine-iczka)

1. forms nouns;-ic

   ‎alergia(“allergy”) + ‎-ik → ‎alergik(“an allergic”)

Masculine personal:

Masculine inanimate:

• -ik in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Inherited fromProto-Slavic*-ikъ.

-ik (Cyrillic spelling-ик)

1. Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a profession, performer, place, object, tool or a feature.

• -nik
• -enik
• -ovnik
• -evnik

• IPA^(key): /ik/,[ik]

Inherited fromProto-Slavic*-ikъ.

-ik m

1. alternative form of suffix-ík after roots in a long vowel or a diphthong

   ‎vták(“bird”) + ‎-ik → ‎vtáčik(“birdie”)

   ‎hriešny(“sinful”) + ‎-ik → ‎hriešnik(“sinner”)

• Animate nouns:

• Inanimate nouns:

• Animal nouns:

• -ík
• -ník ~-nik
• -íčka ~-ička

Borrowed fromLatin-icus orAncient Greek-ικός(-ikós).

-ik m

1. fictive suffix in case when both an occupational name in-ik and its base noun were borrowed

   ‎akadémia + ‎-ik → ‎akademik

• -ička

• Pauliny, Eugen - Ružička, Jozef - Štolc, Jozef (1968),Slovenská gramatika (in Slovak), 5th edition, Bratislava: Slovenské pedagogické nakladateľstvo, pages 145-152
• -ik in Slovak dictionaries at korpus.sk

Inherited fromProto-Slavic*-ikъ.

• IPA^(key): /ik/

-ik m

1. forms nouns, often diminutive

FromFrench-ique, fromLatin-icus.

• Rhymes:-iːk

-ik c

1. Forms nouns (typically of Latin or Greek stems, often corresponding to adjectives ending in-isk)

   ‎botanisk(“botanical”) + ‎-ik → ‎botanik(“botany”)

   ‎estetisk(“aesthetic”) + ‎-ik → ‎estetik(“aesthetics”)

   ‎symbolisk(“symbolic”) + ‎-ik → ‎symbolik(“symbolism”)

• -ik in Elof Hellquist,Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)

FromOttoman Turkishـیق(-ik) as well asOttoman Turkishوق(-uk), fromProto-Turkic*-uk, synonymous toProto-Turkic*-ïg.^[1]

• IPA^(key): /ɯk/,/ic/,/uk/,/yc/

-ik

1. Derives participle forms of verbs; adjectival and/or resulting state or product of the action.

   ‎aç-(“to open”) + ‎-ık → ‎açık(“open, opened”)

   ‎del-(“to drill, to poke a hole”) + ‎-ik → ‎delik(“hole, pierced”)

   ‎boz-(“to break, to damage”) + ‎-uk → ‎bozuk(“broken, damaged”)

   ‎düş-(“to fall”) + ‎-ük → ‎düşük(“fallen, low”)

   ‎iste-(“to want”) + ‎-k → ‎istek(“request, want”)

   ‎dile-(“to wish”) + ‎-k → ‎dilek(“wish, desire”)