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-et

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Appendix:Variations of "et"

English

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Etymology 1

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Inherited fromMiddle English-et, fromOld French-et.

Suffix

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-et

  1. Used to form diminutives, loosely construed.
Derived terms
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Related terms
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See also

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Etymology 2

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Uncertain. Perhaps ultimately related toMiddle English-ten,-eten, fromOld English-ettan; possibly reinforced byOld Norse-ta.

Alternative forms

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Suffix

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-et

  1. Used to augment verbs, largely monosyllabic, to form verbs with a frequentative or imitative force.
    fidge + ‎-et → ‎fidget
    jig + ‎-et → ‎jigget
    rick + ‎-et → ‎ricket
Derived terms
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Anagrams

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Albanian

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Suffix

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-et n

  1. Forms activeverbs intomediopassive verbs. Indicating 3rd personsingular,indicative,present:itis; (it)-s; (it)is-ing/-n/-ed/-t
    active verbs ending withconsonant:
    merr(it takes) + ‎-et → ‎merret(it is taken)
    merret
    (it) is taken
    active verbs ending withvowels (adding -h in between to avoidpalatalisation):
    (it lets, leaves) + ‎-h + ‎-et → ‎lihet(it is left)
    lihet vetëm
    it is left alone

See also

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Catalan

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Etymology

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Inherited fromLate Latin-ittus.

Pronunciation

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Suffix

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-et m (noun-forming suffix,plural-ets)

  1. forms diminutives or endearing variants of nouns
    llaç(knot, loop) + ‎-et → ‎llacet(diminutive)
    formatge(cheese) + ‎-et → ‎formatget(diminutive)
    rei(king) + ‎-et → ‎reiet(diminutive)
    roda(wheel) + ‎-et → ‎rodet(reel, spool)

Suffix

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-et (adjective-forming suffix,feminine-eta,masculine plural-ets,feminine plural-etes)

  1. forms diminutives or endearing variants of adjectives
    poc(little) + ‎-et → ‎poquet(very little)

Derived terms

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Danish

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Etymology

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A fusion ofOld Danish-æth, fromOld Norse-aðr andOld Danish-æt, fromOld Norse-óttr.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /əð/,[ð̩],[ð̩˕˗ˠ]

Suffix

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-et

  1. Formspast participles of some verbs, like-t.
  2. Forms the definite singular of most neuter nouns.
  3. Forms adjectives from nouns with the sense of "like [noun]";-esque.
    snerpe(prude) + ‎-et → ‎snerpet(prudish)
  4. Forms adjectives from nouns with the sense of "having [noun], being equipped with [noun]".
    mønster(pattern) + ‎-et → ‎mønstret(patterned)
    to(two) + ‎sprog(language) + ‎-et → ‎tosproget(bilingual)

Synonyms

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Derived terms

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References

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Emilian

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Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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-et (personal)

  1. (enclitic, after a consonant)alternative form ofet
  2. (enclitic, after a consonant)alternative form ofte

Related terms

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Emilian personal pronouns (weak forms)
NumberPersonGenderProcliticEncliticAphetic
NADRNADRNADR
SingularFirstaj-m’-ja-em-ja-m
Secondt-t’-et-t
ThirdMasculinel-g’s’-el-eg-es-l-g-s
Femininel’-la-la
PluralFirstaj-s’-ja-es-ja-s
Secondaj-v’-ev-v
ThirdMasculinej-g’s’-i-eg-es-j-g-s
Feminineelj--li-li

French

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Etymology

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Inherited fromMiddle French-et, fromOld French-et, fromLate Latin-ittus.

Pronunciation

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Suffix

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-et m (feminine-ette)

  1. suffix indicating diminution or affection

Derived terms

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Descendants

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Hungarian

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From-e- +‎-t(causative suffix).

Suffix

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-et

  1. (causative suffix)Added to averb (or extremely rarely to anoun) to form a verb with a meaning ofletting,making somebody do something orhaving something done to someone or something.
    Synonyms:-tat/-tet,-aszt/-eszt/-öszt,-jt/-ajt/-ejt,-ít,-dít,(obsolete in this sense)-t
    néz(to look) + ‎-et → ‎nézet(to have something (like a body part) looked at (by a doctor)or (less commonly) to make someone look at something)
    ég(to burn)(intransitive) + ‎-et → ‎éget(to make something burnor (less commonly) to have someone burn something)
    mér(to measure) + ‎-et → ‎méret(to make someone measure somethingor to have something measured)
Usage notes
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  • (causative suffix) Variants:
    -at is added to back-vowel words ending in a consonant +t and most monosyllabic words
    vár(to wait) + ‎-at → ‎várat(to have someone wait)
    -et is added to front-vowel words ending in a consonant +t and most monosyllabic words
    kér(to ask for) + ‎-et → ‎kéret(to have someone ask(ed) for; to summon someone [by ordering a servant to fetch him/her])
    -tat is added to back-vowel words ending in a vowel +t
    tisztít(to clean) + ‎-tat → ‎tisztíttat(to have someone clean or to have something cleaned)
    -tet is added to front-vowel words ending in a vowel +t
    keres(to look for) + ‎-tet → ‎kerestet(to have someone look(ed) for)
Derived terms
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Further reading

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  • Műveltető (faktitív) “Factitive” in Kiefer, Ferenc (ed.).Strukturális magyar nyelvtan 3. Morfológia (“A structural grammar of Hungarian, Vol. 3. Morphology”), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2000.

Etymology 2

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From-e- +‎-t(noun-forming suffix).

Suffix

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-et (noun-forming suffix)

  1. Added to averb to form anoun, expressing the result of the action or sometimes a more abstract relation (compare-ás/-és).
    Synonym:-mány/-mény
Usage notes
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  • (noun-forming suffix) Variants:
    -at is added to back-vowel verbs
    gondol(to think) + ‎-at → ‎gondolat(a thought, an idea)
    mond(to say) + ‎-at → ‎mondat(sentence)
    -et is added to front-vowel verbs
    dicsér(to praise) + ‎-et → ‎dicséret(praise, commendation)
    él(to live) + ‎-et → ‎élet(life)
    ítél(to judge) + ‎-et → ‎ítélet(judgment)
    mér(to measure) + ‎-et → ‎méret(measurement, size)
Derived terms
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Etymology 3

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From-e-(linking vowel) +‎-t(accusative suffix).

Suffix

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-et (accusative case suffix)

  1. Unrounded front-vowel variant of-t. See details there.
    kert(garden) + ‎-et → ‎kertet(garden)
    Láttam egy gyönyörűkertet.I saw a beautifulgarden.
Usage notes
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  • (accusative case suffix): It can be added to nouns, adjectives, numerals and pronouns. Whether a suffix-initial vowel (linking vowel) will be used is hard to predict and thus needs to be learned with each word. A rule of thumb, however, is that older and shorter words tend to incorporate a vowel, rather than simply use-t. Variants:
    -t is added to words ending in a vowel. Final-a changes to-á-. Final-e changes to-é-. Final-o in foreign words changes to-ó-.
    -ot is added to most back-vowel words ending in a consonant
    -at is added tosome back-vowel words ending in a consonant
    -et is added to unrounded (andsome rounded) front-vowel words ending in a consonant
    -öt is added to most rounded front-vowel words ending in a consonant
    -∅ (zero form), optionally, afterpossessive suffixes, especially in the singular but sometimes also in the plural (and not infrequently after multiple-possession forms as well),except for the third-person singular (“his/her/its”,-ja/-je) as its omission would not reduce the number of syllables.
    Elviszem a kabátom(at/),kabátod(at/);kabátunk(at/∅),kabátotok(at/∅),kabátjuk(at/∅);kabátjaim(at/∅) etc.
    I’ll take my coat, your coat; our coat, [plural] your coat, their coat; my coats etc.
    It is also omitted usually from the accusative forms of first- and second-person singular personal pronouns (engem,téged(me, you)).
Hungarian case suffixes
caseback vowel
a, á, o, ó, u, ú
front vowel
unrounded
e, é, i, í
rounded
ö, ő, ü, ű
nominative
accusative-t
-ot /-at-et-öt
dative-nak-nek
instrumental-val-vel
causal-final-ért
translative-vá-vé
terminative-ig
essive-formal-ként1
essive-modal-ul-ül
inessive-ban-ben
superessive-n
-on-en-ön
adessive-nál-nél
illative-ba-be
sublative-ra-re
allative-hoz-hez-höz
elative-ból-ből
delative-ról-ről
ablative-tól-től

1 Stem-final-a/-e changes to-á-/-é-, respectively, except before-ként.
   almaalmában, butalmaként
   zenezenében, butzeneként

See also

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Hungarian pronominal adverbs from case suffixes (see alsopostpositions)
casesuffixwho?what?thisthathe/she (it)1verbal
prefix
category
nominativekimiezaző* / -∅
az / -∅
accusative-t /-ot /
-at / -et / -öt
kitmiteztaztőt* / -∅
azt / -∅
c1
c2
dative-nak /-nekkinekminekennekannaknekineki-category
instrumental-val /-velkivelmivelezzel/
evvel
azzal/
avval
velecategory
causal-final-értkiértmiértezértazértértecategory
translative-vá /-vékivémivéezzéazzácategory
terminative-igmeddigeddigaddigcategory
essive-formal-ként(kiként)(miként)ekkéntakkéntcategory
essive-modal-ul /-ülcategory
inessive-ban /-benkibenmibenebbenabbanbennecategory
superessive-n/-on/-en/-önkinminezenazonrajta(rajta-)category
adessive-nál /-nélkinélminélennélannálnálacategory
illative-ba /-bekibemibeebbeabbabelebele-category
sublative-ra /-rekiremireerrearrará-category
allative-hoz/-hez/-hözkihezmihezehhezahhozhozzáhozzá-category
elative-ból /-bőlkibőlmibőlebbőlabbólbelőlecategory
delative-ról /-rőlkirőlmirőlerrőlarrólrólacategory
ablative-tól /-tőlkitőlmitőlettőlattóltőlecategory

1Ő andőt refer to human beings; the forms below them might be construed likewise.
Forms in parentheses are uncommon.All Hungarian pronouns /edit this template

Etymology 4

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From-etik(passive-forming suffix), removing the ending.

Suffix

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-et

  1. combining form of-etik(passive-forming suffix)before all inflectional and derivational suffixes, except the dictionary form itself, the indefinite third-person singular present indicative
    küldetik(to be sent)küldetés(mission).
Usage notes
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(combining forms of the passive-forming suffix) Variants:-at-,-et-,-tat-,-tet- (from-atik, -etik, -tatik, -tetik), as well as the tautological (doubly suffixed) forms-attat-, -ettet- (from-attatik, -ettetik). See morein the template of the full forms of this suffix.

See also

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Latin

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Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Suffix

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-et

  1. third-personsingularpresentactivesubjunctive of(first conjugation)

Middle English

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromOld French-et, and its feminine variant-ette, fromLate Latin-ittus (and the other gender forms-itta,-ittum).

Pronunciation

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Suffix

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-et

  1. Forms diminutive nouns from nouns; in some words, it has lost its original meaning.

Derived terms

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Descendants

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References

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Middle French

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Etymology

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Inherited fromOld French-et.

Suffix

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-et

  1. Used to form a diminutive, masculine noun.

Descendants

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Northern Sami

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Etymology

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Inherited fromProto-Samic*-ëjëtēk.

Pronunciation

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  • (Kautokeino)IPA(key): /ˈ-eh(t)/

Suffix

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-et

  1. Forms momentane verbs.
    njuikut(to jump around) + ‎-et → ‎njuiket(to jump once)

Usage notes

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  • This suffix triggers thestrongest grade on a preceding stressed syllable.

Inflection

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Contractede-stem, no gradation
infinitive-et
1st sing. present-en
1st sing. past-ejin
infinitive-etaction noun-en
present participle-ejeaddjiaction inessive-emin
-eme
past participle-enaction elative-emis
agent participleaction comitative-emiin
abessive-ekeahttá
present indicativepast indicativeimperative
1st singular-en-ejin-ejēhkon
2nd singular-et-ejit-e
3rd singular-e-ii-ejēhkos
1st dual-ejetne-iime-ejeadnu
-ejeahkku
2nd dual-ebeahtti-iide-ejeahkki
3rd dual-eba-iiga-ejēhkoska
1st plural-et-iimet-ejētnot
-ejēhkot
-ejeahkkot
-ejeadnot
2nd plural-ebēhtet-iidet-ejēhket
3rd plural-ejit-ejedje-ejēhkoset
connegative-e-en-e
conditional 1conditional 2potential
1st singular-ešin
-ešedjen
-elin
-eledjen
-ežan
2nd singular-ešit
-ešedjet
-elit
-eledjet
-ežat
3rd singular-ešii-elii-eža
-eš
1st dual-ešeimme-eleimme-ežetne
2nd dual-ešeidde-eleidde-ežeahppi
3rd dual-ešeigga-eleigga-ežeaba
1st plural-ešeimmet-eleimmet-ežit
-ežat
2nd plural-ešeiddet-eleiddet-ežēhpet
3rd plural-eše
-ešedje
-ele
-eledje
-ežit
connegative-eše-ele-eš

Derived terms

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Norwegian Bokmål

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Etymology 1

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Inherited fromOld Norse-it.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ə/
  • Reduced final-e is lost before the suffix; both forms are then pronounced the same (e.g.,hode andhodet).

Suffix

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-et

  1. Forms the definite singular of neuter nouns.
Related terms
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  • det(article, pronoun;t also silent)
  • -t(adjective suffix;t pronounced)

Etymology 2

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Derived fromDanish-et(past participle suffix), generalised to the past tense (Danish-ede) through influence of native Norwegian dialects.

Pronunciation

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Suffix

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-et

  1. Forms the past tense and past participle of class-1 weak verbs.
    Synonym:-a

Norwegian Nynorsk

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Etymology

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Inherited fromOld Norse-óttr.

Noun

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-et (definite singular and plural-ete)

  1. (pre-2012)alternative form of-ete

Derived terms

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Anagrams

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Old English

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Inherited fromProto-West Germanic*-ati,*-iti,*-uti, fromProto-Germanic*-atją,*-itją,*-utją.

Pronunciation

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Suffix

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-et n

  1. suffix forming nouns from verbs, adjectives, and other nouns(sometimes causing i-mutation), originally as the action of verbs ending in-ettan(-ise) (compareEnglish-ism)
    þēowotservice, religious service, ministry
    grafettrench
    bærneta burning, combustion, cauterizing
    emnetlevel ground, leveling
    þiccetthicket
    rēwetrowing; ship, row-boat
    rȳmetspace, clearance, extension
    swefet,sweofotsleep; sleeping
    þyrnetthicket of thorns, thorny place

Usage notes

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Declension

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Stronga-stem:

singularplural
nominative-et-ettu
accusative-et-ettu
genitive-ettes-etta
dative-ette-ettum

Descendants

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Old French

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Etymology 1

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Inherited fromLate Latin-ittus.

Suffix

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-et

  1. Used to form a diminutive, masculine noun.
Derived terms
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Descendants
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Etymology 2

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Inherited fromLatin-ātus.

Suffix

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-et

  1. (12th century and before)alternative form of(suffix used to form past participles of regular -er verbs)
Derived terms
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Descendants
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Romanian

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Etymology 1

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Inherited fromLatin-ētum. Cognate withItalian-eto,French-aie.

Pronunciation

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Suffix

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-et n (plural-eturior-ete)

  1. Used with plant or tree names to form names of orchards, woods, forests, or groves.
    brad(fir tree)brădet(fir-tree forest)
    ulm(elm)ulmet(elm forest)
    fag(beech)făget(beech forest)
Declension
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Declension of-et
singularplural
indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
nominative-accusative-et-etul-eturi-eturile
genitive-dative-et-etului-eturi-eturilor
vocative-etule-eturilor
Declension of-et
singularplural
indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
nominative-accusative-et-etul-ete-etele
genitive-dative-et-etului-ete-etelor
vocative-etule-etelor
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Inherited fromLatin-itus. No longer productive.

Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /et/(stressed on the antepenultimate)

Suffix

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-et n (plural-ete)

  1. (unproductive)Used to form nouns derived from the action of some verbs.
    zâmbi(to smile)zâmbet(a smile)
    zbiera(to scream)zbieret(a scream)
Declension
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Declension of-et
singularplural
indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
nominative-accusative-et-etul-ete-etele
genitive-dative-et-etului-ete-etelor
vocative-etule-etelor
Derived terms
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Swedish

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Etymology

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FromOld Norse-it, neuter form of-inn.

Pronunciation

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Suffix

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-et

  1. Suffix forming the definite singular forms ofneuter nouns, especially if they end with aconsonant or stressed vowel.
  2. Suffix forming theneuter forms of past participles of verbs belonging to the fourth declension (strong verbs). This may be analyzed as two morphemes: a combination of the suffix-en for past participle and-t for neuter, where then of the first suffix disappears. Such an analysis is historically correct.

Synonyms

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  • (nonstandard; slang)1

Anagrams

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Volapük

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Suffix

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-et

  1. Used to indicate a consequential or concrete example.

Derived terms

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Welsh

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Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Suffix

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-et

  1. (colloquial)verb suffix for thesecond-personsingularconditional

Derived terms

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CategoryWelsh terms suffixed with -et not found
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