( in verbs, past participles, and some denominal adjectives ) : ( other denominal adjectives, archaic or poetic elsewhere ) : Middle English -ede -eden Old English -ode ,-odon ( class 2 weak past ending ) , fromProto-Germanic *-ōd- *-ōdēdun Saterland Frisian -ede ( “ -ed ” ,first person singular past indicative ending ) ,German Low German -de ( “ -ed ” ,first and third person singular past indicative ending ) ,Dutch -d ( “ -ed ” ) ,Swedish -ade ( “ -ed ” ) ,Icelandic -aði ( “ -ed ” ) .
-ed
Used to formpast tenses of (regular)verbs . In linguistics, it is used for the base form of any past form. See-t point -ed → pointed He pointed at the dog.
past tense
Danish:-de -te Dzongkha:ཅི ( ci ) Esperanto:-is (eo) Hungarian:-t /-tt /-ott /-ett /-ött Ido:-is (io) Japanese:-た ( -ta ) Korean:-았 ( -at ) Kurdish:Northern Kurdish:-d (ku) (for most transitive verbs )-î (ku) (for most intransitive verbs and a few transitive verbs ),-t (ku) (for some basic verbs, both transitive and intransitive ) Norwegian:Bokmål:-a (no) ,-et (no) ,-te -de -dd -tt -tø -øt -øyt Nynorsk:-a -te -de -dd -tt -aut Nǀuu:-a Persian:ـده ( -de ) ,ـد ( -d ) ,ـته ( -te ) ,ـت ( -t ) Polish:-ł Russian:-л (ru) m ( -l ) ,-ла (ru) f ( -la ) ,-ло (ru) n ( -lo ) ,-ли (ru) pl ( -li ) Spanish:-ado (es) Swedish:-de (sv) ,-t (sv) Ukrainian:-в m ( -v ) ,-ла f ( -la ) ,-ло n ( -lo ) ,-ли pl ( -ly ) Vietnamese:đã (vi)
FromMiddle English -ed Old English -od ( class 2 weak past participle ) , fromProto-Germanic *-ōdaz Saterland Frisian -ed
-ed
Used to formpast participles of (regular)verbs . See-en -t point -ed → pointed He has pointed at the dog.
Middle English -ed Old English -od ( adjective suffix ) , fromProto-Germanic *-ōdaz Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂tos Latin -ātus doublet -ate
-ed
Used to formpossessional adjectives fromnouns , in the sense of having the object represented by the noun. Antonym: -less point -ed → pointed horn -ed → horned hoof -ed → hooved As an extension of the above, used to form possessional adjectives from adjective-noun pairs. red hair -ed → red-haired left hand -ed → left-handed two prong(s) -ed → two-pronged having an object of a particular quality
Cognate toCornish -es
-ed
Suffix denotingplural of certainnouns kazhez ( “ female cat ” ) + -ed → kazhezed ( “ female cats ” ) From-e- ( linking vowel ) +-d ( possessive suffix ) .
-ed
( possessive suffix ) your ( second-person singular, single possession ) kert ( “ garden ” ) + -ed → kerted ( “ your (singular, informal ) garden” ) Megbízol engema kerted gondozásával? ―Will you entrust me with the care ofyour garden ? (possessive suffix ) Variants:-d -a changes to-á- . Final-e changes to-é- .-ad some back-vowel words ending in a consonant-od -ed some rounded ) front-vowel words ending in a consonant-öd From-e- ( linking vowel ) +-d ( personal suffix ) .
-ed
( personal suffix ) Forms thedefinite second-person singular indicative present of verbs. fest ( “ to paint ” ) + -ed → fested ( “ you paint [him/her/it],you are painting [him/her/it]” ) Mikorfested a kerítést? ―When doyou paint the fence? ( personal suffix ) See harmonic variants in the table below. Present tense definite – personal endings
From-e- ( linking vowel ) +-d ( fraction-forming and verb-forming suffix ) .
-ed
( fraction-forming suffix ) -th ( added to acardinal number to form afraction ) ezer ( “ thousand ” ) + -ed → ezred ( “ thousandth ” ) ( frequentative verb-forming suffix ) verb to indicate repetitive action. No longer productive.szenved ( “ to suffer ” ) ( fraction-forming suffix ) Variants:-d -ad -od -ed -öd ( frequentative suffix ) Variants:-d mond ( “ to say, tell ” ) ,kezd ( “ to begin ” ) -od tapod ( “ to tread on something ” ) -ad -ed szenved ( “ to suffer ” ) -öd bököd ( “ to repeatedly poke at something ” ) FromFrench -ée Italian -ata Spanish -ada Latin -atus
-ed
contents of ,-ful .manuo ( “ hand ” ) + -ed → manuedo ( “ handful ” ) CategoryIdo terms suffixed with -ed not found
-ed
Forms thepast participle ofweak verbs . -ed
Alternative form of-hede -ed
Used to form the past participle of class I weak verbs fremman ( “ to perform ” ) + -ed → fremed ( “ performed ” ) -ed
Alternative form of-od æppel ( “ apple ” ) + -ed → æppled ( “ apple-shaped ” ) -ed
slender form of-ad FromLatin -ēte ( second-person plural present active imperative ending of second conjugation verbs ) .
-ed
used to form the informal second-person plural imperative mood of-er comer ( “ to eat ” ) + -ed → ¡Comed ! ( “ Eat! ” ) -ed c
( place-names ) path between oralong water Synonym: -eda FromProto-Brythonic *-hed Proto-Celtic *-isetos
-ed
Forms anequative of an adjective of one or two syllables. gwan ( “ weak ” ) + -ed → gwanned ( “ as weak ” ) rhad ( “ cheap ” ) + -ed → rhated ( “ as cheap ” ) cynt ( “ faster, earlier, sooner ” ) + -ed → cynted ( “ as fast, as early, as soon ” ) Causesfortition of final voiced consonant of adjectival roots.
Reduced form of-fed Cornish -es
-ed
Used to form the ordinal forms of five and six. Synonyms: -edd -fed -ydd pump ( “ five ” ) + -ed → pumed ( “ fifth ” ) chwech ( “ six ” ) + -ed → chweched ( “ sixth ” ) Ultimately fromProto-Indo-European *-tis Proto-Indo-European *-tus [ 1]
-ed
Used to form verbal nouns. cerdd- ( “ to walk ” ,stem ) + -ed → cerdded ( “ to walk ” ,verbal noun ) clyw- ( “ to hear ” ,stem ) + -ed → clywed ( “ to hear ” ,verbal noun ) Cognate withCornish -es
-ed
Used to form nouns. colli ( “ to lose ” ) + -ed → colled ( “ loss ” ) sych ( “ dry ” ) + -ed → syched ( “ thirst ” ) cymuno ( “ to take communion, to communicate ” ) + -ed → cymuned ( “ community ” ) -ed
Used to form plural nouns. Synonyms: -aid -aint -au -edd -en -i -iadau -iaid -iau -ion -od -oedd -on -ydd -yr -ys pryf ( “ bug, insect ” ) + -ed → pryfed ( “ bugs, insects ” ) merch ( “ girl ” ) + -ed → merched ( “ girls ” ) -ed is only used in the above two plural forms in Modern Welsh.
-ed
( literary ) verb suffix for thethird-person singular imperative -ed
( literary ) verb suffix for thethird-person singular imperative Synonyms: -pwyd -wyd Rare in Modern Welsh with a few verbs creating an alternative secondary form. ganwyd , ganed ―was born ,one bore trowyd , troed ―was turned ,one turned cafwyd , caed ―was had ,one had daethpwyd , deuwyd , doed ―one came R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “-ed ”, inGeiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
