-am
Inherited fromLatin-āmen, variant of-men, a noun-forming suffix.
-am m (noun-forming suffix,plural-ams)
Initially, the correlatives for time ended with-an instead of-am:kian,tian,ian,ĉian,nenian instead of the modernkiam,tiam,iam,ĉiam,neniam. Zamenhof left a one-year period (from Esperanto's creation in 1887 to 1888) during which changes to Esperanto could be proposed. After that year, the only change that was made was changing the time correlatives from-an to-am due to the risk of confusion with correlatives ending with-a + the accusative ending-n. The forms with-an are no longer used, but they can be found in a few older texts from that one-year period. This is the only reform proposal that has ever been successfully implemented into Esperanto.[1]
-am
-am
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | -am | — |
| accusative | -amat | — |
| dative | -amnak | — |
| instrumental | -ammal | — |
| causal-final | -amért | — |
| translative | -ammá | — |
| terminative | -amig | — |
| essive-formal | -amként | — |
| essive-modal | -amul | — |
| inessive | -amban | — |
| superessive | -amon | — |
| adessive | -amnál | — |
| illative | -amba | — |
| sublative | -amra | — |
| allative | -amhoz | — |
| elative | -amból | — |
| delative | -amról | — |
| ablative | -amtól | — |
| non-attributive possessive – singular | -amé | — |
| non-attributive possessive – plural | -améi | — |
-am
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | -am | -amok |
| accusative | -amot | -amokat |
| dative | -amnak | -amoknak |
| instrumental | -ammal | -amokkal |
| causal-final | -amért | -amokért |
| translative | -ammá | -amokká |
| terminative | -amig | -amokig |
| essive-formal | -amként | -amokként |
| essive-modal | -amul | -amokul |
| inessive | -amban | -amokban |
| superessive | -amon | -amokon |
| adessive | -amnál | -amoknál |
| illative | -amba | -amokba |
| sublative | -amra | -amokra |
| allative | -amhoz | -amokhoz |
| elative | -amból | -amokból |
| delative | -amról | -amokról |
| ablative | -amtól | -amoktól |
| non-attributive possessive – singular | -amé | -amoké |
| non-attributive possessive – plural | -améi | -amokéi |
| possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
|---|---|---|
| 1st person sing. | -amom | -amaim |
| 2nd person sing. | -amod | -amaid |
| 3rd person sing. | -ama | -amai |
| 1st person plural | -amunk | -amaink |
| 2nd person plural | -amotok | -amaitok |
| 3rd person plural | -amuk | -amaik |
Inherited fromProto-Indo-European*-éh₂m (accusative singular of*-éh₂). Cognate withOld Church Slavonic-ѫ(-ǫ).
-am
A conjugated form of-ō(suffix forming third-conjugation verbs).
-am
-am
-am
-am appears on Type 2 animate intransitive verbs (vai2).
-am m
(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)
-am
(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)
-am
Inherited fromOld Galician-Portuguese-an, fromLatin-ant. CompareGalician andSpanish-an.
-am (non-lemma form of verb-forming suffix)
For verbs without any vowels in the root,-ão is used instead. (i.e.dar >dão).
FromOld Irish-imm. The spelling indicates that them was broad before the loss of the broad/slender distinction in labial consonants; this pronunciation arose by leveling of this ending with the broadm found in first-person singular prepositional pronouns such asagam,asam,thugam etc. Compare the Ulster pronunciation ofIrish-im(first-person singular present indicative and imperative) as/əmˠ/.
-am
-am