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-ение

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Bulgarian

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Etymology

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Inherited fromOld Church Slavonic-ньѥ(-nĭje), fromProto-Slavic*-nьje.

Pronunciation

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Suffix

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-е́ние (-énie)

  1. -tion,-ence,-ance,-ity, etc.(suffix used to formabstract nouns from verbs, and occasionally from other parts of speech)

Derived terms

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Macedonian

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Etymology

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Inherited fromProto-Slavic*-nьje.

Pronunciation

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Suffix

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-е́ние (-énie)

  1. -tion,-ence,-ance,-ity, etc.(suffix used to formabstract nouns from verbs, and occasionally from other parts of speech)

Derived terms

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Russian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Inherited fromProto-Slavic*-nьje.

Pronunciation

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  • -е́ние: IPA(key): [ˈʲenʲɪje]
  • -ение: IPA(key): [ʲɪnʲɪje]

Suffix

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-е́ниеor-ение (-énijeor-enije)

  1. -tion,-ence,-ance,-ity, etc.(suffix used to formabstract nouns from verbs, and occasionally from other parts of speech)
    отчи́слить(otčíslitʹ,todeduct, todismiss) + ‎-е́ние(-énije) → ‎отчисле́ние(otčislénije,deduction,dismissal)
    порази́ть(porazítʹ,todefeat)(past passive participleпоражённый(poražónnyj)) + ‎-е́ние(-énije) → ‎пораже́ние(poražénije,defeat)
    прови́деть(provídetʹ,toforesee)(past passive participleпрови́денный(provídennyj)) + ‎-ение(-enije) → ‎прови́дение(provídenije,foresight)
    прови́деть(provídetʹ,toforesee)(past passive participleпрови́денный(provídennyj)) + ‎-е́ние(-énije) → ‎провиде́ние(providénije,Providence)
    обсуди́ть(obsudítʹ,todiscuss)(past passive participleобсуждённый(obsuždjónnyj)) + ‎-е́ние(-énije) → ‎обсужде́ние(obsuždénije,discussion)
    напра́вить(naprávitʹ,todirect)(past passive participleнапра́вленный(naprávlennyj)) + ‎-е́ние(-énije) → ‎направле́ние(napravlénije,direction)
    расти́(rastí,togrow, tosprout)(third person singularрастёт(rastjót)) + ‎-е́ние(-énije) → ‎расте́ние(rasténije,plant)
    течь(tečʹ,toflow)(third person singularтечёт(tečót)) + ‎-е́ние(-énije) → ‎тече́ние(tečénije,current,flow)
    сжечь(sžečʹ,toburn up)(third person singularсожжёт(sožžót)) + ‎-е́ние(-énije) → ‎сожже́ние(sožžénije,burning up)
    уме́ть(umétʹ,to be able) + ‎-е́ние(-énije) → ‎уме́ние(uménije,ability)

Usage notes

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  • The stress is usually drawn onto the suffix (e.g.отчисле́ние(otčislénije) fromотчи́слить(otčíslitʹ)), but occasionally not (e.g.прови́дение(provídenije) fromпрови́деть(provídetʹ)).
  • This suffix is generally used only for verbs whose past passive participle ends in-енный(-ennyj) or-ённый(-jónnyj); verbs whose past passive participle ends in-анный(-annyj) normally use-ание(-anije), and verbs whose past passive participle ends in-тый(-tyj) normally use-тие(-tije).
  • The stem preceding the suffix is modified in the same way as for the past passive participle; in particular, the stem normally becomesiotated, and in cases where the stem iotates irregularly in the past passive participle (e.g.-жд-(-žd-) instead of-ж-(-ž-), or-щ-(-šč-) instead of-ч-(-č-)), the same irregularities are observed before-е́ние(-énije).
  • Note that even intransitive verbs without a past passive participle form abstract nouns in-е́ние(-énije). For such verbs of class 4 and 5 (which end in-ить(-itʹ) and-еть(-etʹ) respectively), use the stem as found in the first person singular. For such verbs of class 7 and 8 (which end in such verbs in-ти́(-tí),-сть(-stʹ),-зть(-ztʹ) and-чь(-čʹ)), use the stem as found in the third person singular.

Declension

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Declension of-е́ние,-ение (inan neut-form i-stem accent-a) 
singularplural
nominative-е́ние,-ение
-énije,-enije
-е́ния,-ения
-énija,-enija
genitive-е́ния,-ения
-énija,-enija
-е́ний,-ений
-énij,-enij
dative-е́нию,-ению
-éniju,-eniju
-е́ниям,-ениям
-énijam,-enijam
accusative-е́ние,-ение
-énije,-enije
-е́ния,-ения
-énija,-enija
instrumental-е́нием,-ением
-énijem,-enijem
-е́ниями,-ениями
-énijami,-enijami
prepositional-е́нии,-ении
-énii,-enii
-е́ниях,-ениях
-énijax,-enijax

Derived terms

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Related terms

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Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=-ение&oldid=86760584"
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