From고마(goma,“respect, admiration”) +-ㅂ(-b) +[Term?](adjectival suffix) Cognate withKorean고맙다(gomapda).
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | gomapda |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | gomabda |
| Yale Romanization? | kwomap.ta |
고맙다 (gomapda)
First attested in theBeonyeok sohak (飜譯小學 / 번역소학), 1517, asMiddle Korean고〯맙다〮, attested only in conjugated forms.
The word is almost certainly a contraction of*고〯마〮ᄒᆞᆸ다〮(*kwǒmáhòptá), the regularly derived—브(-beu) adjective from the verb고〯마〮ᄒᆞ다〮 (Yale:kwŏmáhòtá, “to respect; to admire”). In Middle Korean,고〯맙다〮(kwǒmàptá) had the meaning of "to be worth respecting; to be worth admiring", as would be expected from regular-브-(-pu-) adjectives. The source verb was displaced by Sino-Korean loans in the Early Modern period, when the derived adjective's semantic shift to "to be thankful" also occurred.
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | gomapda |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | gomabda |
| McCune–Reischauer? | komapta |
| Yale Romanization? | kōmapta |
고맙다• (gomapda) (irregular,infinitive고마워,sequential고마우니)
고맙다(gomapda) is in the class of irregularly-inflected words whose stems end inㅂ(b). In such words with two syllables or more, vowel harmony in inflections was once followed in both standardized forms of Korean. With the 1988한글맞춤법(han'geul matchumbeop,“Hangeul Orthography”), the South Korean standard now ignores the vowel harmony, while it is kept in the North.
North Korean and South Korean before 1988:
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
| Formal non polite (해라체) | Informal non polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| 고맙다 (gomapda) past:고마왔다 (gomawatda) | 고마와 (gomawa) past:고마왔어 (gomawasseo) | 고마와요 (gomawayo) past:고마왔어요 (gomawasseoyo) | 고맙습니다 (gomapseumnida) past:고마왔습니다 (gomawatseumnida) | |
| 고마우냐 (gomaunya) past:고마왔냐 (gomawannya) | 고마와 (gomawa) past:고마왔어 (gomawasseo) | 고마와요 (gomawayo) past:고마왔어요 (gomawasseoyo) | 고맙습니까 (gomapseumnikka) past:고마왔습니까 (gomawatseumnikka) | |
| 고맙겠다 (gomapgetda) | 고맙겠어 (gomapgesseo) | 고맙겠어요 (gomapgesseoyo) | 고맙겠습니다 (gomapgesseumnida) | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| 고마와 (gomawa) | 고마와서 (gomawaseo) | 고마우니 (gomauni) | 고마우니까 (gomaunikka) | |
| 고맙지만 (gomapjiman) | 고마운데 (gomaunde) | 고맙더니 (gomapdeoni) |
고맙고 (gomapgo) | |
| 고마우면 (gomaumyeon) | 고마와야 (gomawaya) | |||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 고마움 (gomaum) | 고맙기 (gomapgi) | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 고마왔음 (gomawasseum) | 고마왔기 (gomawatgi) | |||
| Determiners | present고마운 (gomaun) | future고마울 (gomaul) | |||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | ||||
| Plain (해라체) | Informal (해체) | Polite (해요체) | Formal (하십시오체) | |
| 고마우시다 (gomausida) past:고마우셨다 (gomausyeotda) | 고마우셔 (gomausyeo) past:고마우셨어 (gomausyeosseo) | 고마우세요 (gomauseyo)or 고마우셔요 (gomausyeoyo) past:고마우셨어요 (gomausyeosseoyo) | 고마우십니다 (gomausimnida) past:고마우셨습니다 (gomausyeotseumnida) |
| 고마우시냐 (gomausinya) past:고마우셨냐 (gomausyeonnya) | 고마우셔 (gomausyeo) past:고마우셨어 (gomausyeosseo) | 고마우세요 (gomauseyo)or고마우셔요 (gomausyeoyo) past:고마우셨어요 (gomausyeosseoyo) | 고마우십니까 (gomausimnikka) past:고마우셨습니까 (gomausyeotseumnikka) |
| 고마우시겠다 (gomausigetda) | 고마우시겠어 (gomausigesseo) | 고마우시겠어요 (gomausigesseoyo) | 고마우시겠습니다 (gomausigetseumnida) |
| Connective forms with honorific | ||||
| 고마우셔 (gomausyeo) | 고마우셔서 (gomausyeoseo) | 고마우시니 (gomausini) | 고마우시니까 (gomausinikka) |
| 고마우시지만 (gomausijiman) | 고마우신데 (gomausinde) | 고마우시더니 (gomausideoni) |
고마우시고 (gomausigo) |
| 고마우시면 (gomausimyeon) | 고마우셔야 (gomausyeoya) | ||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | ||||
| Verbal nouns | 고마우심 (gomausim) | 고마우시기 (gomausigi) | ||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 고마우셨음 (gomausyeosseum) | 고마우셨기 (gomausyeotgi) | ||
| Determiners | present고마우신 (gomausin) | future고마우실 (gomausil) | ||
South Korean since 1988:
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 고맙다 gomapda | 고마워 gomawo | 고마워요 gomawoyo | 고맙습니다 gomapseumnida |
| Past | 고마웠다 gomawotda | 고마웠어 gomawosseo | 고마웠어요 gomawosseoyo | 고마웠습니다 gomawotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 고마우냐 gomaunya | 고마워 gomawo | 고마워요 gomawoyo | 고맙습니까 gomapseumnikka |
| Past | 고마웠냐 gomawonnya | 고마웠어 gomawosseo | 고마웠어요 gomawosseoyo | 고마웠습니까 gomawotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 고맙겠다 gomapgetda | 고맙겠어 gomapgesseo | 고맙겠어요 gomapgesseoyo | 고맙겠습니다 gomapgetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 고마워 gomawo | 고마워서 gomawoseo | 고마우니 gomauni | 고마우니까 gomaunikka | |
| Contrast | 고맙지만 gomapjiman | 고마운데 gomaunde | 고맙더니 gomapdeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 고맙고 gomapgo | ||||
| Condition | 고마우면 gomaumyeon | 고마워야 gomawoya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 고마움 gomaum | 고맙기 gomapgi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 고마웠음 gomawosseum | 고마웠기 gomawotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 고마운 gomaun | |||
| Future | 고마울 gomaul | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plain (해라체) | Informal (해체) | Polite (해요체) | Formal (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 고마우시다 gomausida | 고마우셔 gomausyeo | 고마우세요, 고마우셔요 gomauseyo, gomausyeoyo | 고마우십니다 gomausimnida |
| Past | 고마우셨다 gomausyeotda | 고마우셨어 gomausyeosseo | 고마우셨어요 gomausyeosseoyo | 고마우셨습니다 gomausyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 고마우시냐 gomausinya | 고마우셔 gomausyeo | 고마우세요, 고마우셔요 gomauseyo, gomausyeoyo | 고마우십니까 gomausimnikka |
| Past | 고마우셨냐 gomausyeonnya | 고마우셨어 gomausyeosseo | 고마우셨어요 gomausyeosseoyo | 고마우셨습니까 gomausyeotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 고마우시겠다 gomausigetda | 고마우시겠어 gomausigesseo | 고마우시겠어요 gomausigesseoyo | 고마우시겠습니다 gomausigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 고마우셔 gomausyeo | 고마우셔서 gomausyeoseo | 고마우시니 gomausini | 고마우시니까 gomausinikka | |
| Contrast | 고마우시지만 gomausijiman | 고마우신데 gomausinde | 고마우시더니 gomausideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 고마우시고 gomausigo | ||||
| Condition | 고마우시면 gomausimyeon | 고마우셔야 gomausyeoya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 고마우심 gomausim | 고마우시기 gomausigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 고마우셨음 gomausyeosseum | 고마우셨기 gomausyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 고마우신 gomausin | |||
| Future | 고마우실 gomausil | ||||