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ꜥꜣ

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Egyptian

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Etymology 1

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Adverb

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aA
a
AN31
  1. here
  2. (less common)there
Alternative forms
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Alternative hieroglyphic writings ofꜥꜣ  
aA
a
N31
aA
a
AiiN31
aA
N31
ꜥꜣꜥꜣyꜥꜣ
See also
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Old Egyptian demonstratives
determinerspronouns1adverbs
singulardualpluralunmarked
masculinefemininemasculinefemininemasculinefeminine
proximal to speakerpn
tn
*jpnj
jptnj,jptntj
jpn
jptn
nn

distalpf
tf
*jpfj
*jptfj,*jptftj
jpf
jptf
nf

proximal to spoken ofpj,pw,p
tj,tw
jpwj
jptwj,jptwtj
jpw
jptw,jptwt
nw

vocativepꜣ
tꜣ




nꜣ
ꜥꜣ

1 Unmarked for number and gender, but treated syntactically as masculine plurals when used with participles and relative forms, and as feminine singulars when referred to by resumptive pronouns.

Middle Egyptian demonstratives
determiners and pronounsadverbs
singularplural1
masculinefeminine
proximalpn
tn
nn
ꜥn
distalpf,pfꜣ
tf,tfꜣ
nf,nfꜣ
ꜥf
‘copula’ and vocativepw,pwy
tw,twy
nw

anaphoricpꜣ
tꜣ
nꜣ
ꜥꜣ

1 Joined byn(j) to nouns they modify.

Late Egyptian demonstratives and articles
masculinefemininepluraladverb
pronounpꜣw
dj
determiners and pronounspꜣj
tꜣj
nꜣj
possessive determiners1pꜣy
tꜣy
nꜣy
relational pronouns (‘possessive prefixes’)p-n,pꜣ
t-nt,tꜣ
nꜣyw,nꜣ
definite articlespꜣ
tꜣ
nꜣ2
indefinite articleswꜥ2
nhꜣy2

1 Used with suffix pronouns.
2 Originally joined byn(j) to nouns they modify; later without it.

Etymology 2

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Pronunciation

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Adjective

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aA
a
AY1
  1. perfectiveactiveparticiple ofꜥꜣj:big,great,important
    Synonym:wr
Inflection
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Declension ofꜥꜣ (perfective active participle)
masculinefeminine
singularꜥꜣ
ꜥꜣt
dualꜥꜣwj
ꜥꜣtj
pluralꜥꜣw
ꜥꜣwt1,ꜥꜣt2
1 Archaic in Middle Egyptian when modifying a noun.
2 From Middle Egyptian, this feminine singular form was generally used for the plural.
In Late Egyptian, the masculine singular form was used with all nouns.

Along withbjn andnfr,ꜥꜣ is one of the few Egyptian adjectives that continued to show remnants of gender and number inflection into Late Egyptian (and beyond).[2]

Alternative forms
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See under themain verb.

Derived terms
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See under themain verb.

Descendants
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Noun

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aA
a
AY1

 m

  1. greatness;prestige andpower orimportance[since Middle Kingdom literature]
    • c. 2000BCE – 1900BCE,Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 139–140:
      sD&dA2A1G30Y2
      Z2
      k
      n
      I3I3G7a&A1z
      S
      AY2
      f
      maA
      a
      AY1k
      sḏd.j bꜣw.k n jtj dj.j sšꜣ.f mꜥꜣ.k
      I will recount yourba-power to the sovereign and make him aware of yourgreatness.
  2. agreatdeed (done to someone)
Inflection
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Declension ofꜥꜣ (masculine)
singularꜥꜣ
dualꜥꜣwj
pluralꜥꜣw
Alternative forms
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Alternative hieroglyphic writings ofꜥꜣ  
aAAY1
ꜥꜣ
Derived terms
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Noun

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aA
a
A

 m

  1. distinguished orrespectedperson orgod,greatone
  2. olderperson,elder
  3. (in titles)leader,head (of something)
Inflection
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Declension ofꜥꜣ (masculine)
singularꜥꜣ
dualꜥꜣwj
pluralꜥꜣw
Alternative forms
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Alternative hieroglyphic writings ofꜥꜣ  
aA
a
A1
aA
ꜥꜣꜥꜣ
Derived terms
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Descendants
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(Compounded withnj(of):)

Etymology 3

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Possiblyonomatopoeic, from the animal’s cry (hee-haw).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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aA
D52
E7

 m

  1. ass,donkey
Inflection
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Declension ofꜥꜣ (masculine)
singularꜥꜣ
dualꜥꜣwj
pluralꜥꜣw
Alternative forms
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Alternative hieroglyphic writings ofꜥꜣ  
aA
a
D52F27
ꜥꜣ
Derived terms
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Descendants
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Etymology 4

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Noun

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aA
a
O31
Z1
M3

 m

  1. doorleaf,singledoor
  2. (in thedual)doubledoor
    • c. 1401BCE,Amduat of Amenhotep II (tomb of Amenhotep II, KV35) First Hour, closing text, line 7:
      wn
      n
      O31
      a
      n
      k
      imn
      n
      t
      Y2
      S
      tA
      t
      Y2
      irwA53Y2
      N33A
      z
      n
      S
      O31
      a
      n
      k
      O31
      O31
      niwtwr
      r
      t
      xAst
      wn n.k jmnt štꜣt jrww snš n.kꜥꜣwj nwt wrt
      As the hidden region, secret of forms, is opened to you, so thedouble doors of the Great City are unstopped for you.
  3. sarcophaguslid
Inflection
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Declension ofꜥꜣ (masculine)
singularꜥꜣ
dualꜥꜣwj
pluralꜥꜣw
Alternative forms
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Alternative hieroglyphic writings ofꜥꜣ  
aA
O31Z1
M3
aA
a
O31
aA
O31
O31
O31
Z1
ꜥꜣꜥꜣꜥꜣꜥꜣꜥꜣ
Derived terms
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Etymology 5

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Noun

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aA
Z1
M3

 m

  1. column,pillar
  2. part of aship:mast?
Inflection
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Declension ofꜥꜣ (masculine)
singularꜥꜣ
dualꜥꜣwj
pluralꜥꜣw
Alternative forms
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Alternative hieroglyphic writings ofꜥꜣ  
aA
a
M3
aA
M3
O29V
ꜥꜣꜥꜣꜥꜣ

References

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  1. ^Loprieno, Antonio (1995),Ancient Egyptian: A Linguistic Introduction, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,→ISBN,page57
  2. ^Junge, Friedrich (2005),Late Egyptian Grammar: An Introduction, second English edition, Oxford: Griffith Institute, page66
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