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麻

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:蔴,菻,厤,and痳
麻U+9EBB,麻
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9EBB
←麺
[U+9EBA]		CJK Unified Ideographs麼 →
[U+9EBC]

⿇U+2FC7,⿇
KANGXI RADICAL HEMP
←⿆
[U+2FC6]		Kangxi Radicals⿈ →
[U+2FC8]
麻U+2FA15,麻
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2FA15
←𪊑
[U+2FA14]		CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement䵖 →
[U+2FA16]

Translingual

[edit]
Stroke order
Japanese麻
Simplified麻
Traditional麻

Han character

[edit]
See images of
Radical 200麻

麻 (Kangxi radical 200,麻+0, 11 strokes,cangjie input戈木木 (IDD) or戈十金金 (IJCC),four-corner00294,composition⿸广林(GJV) or⿸广𣏟(HTK))

  1. Kangxi radical #200,⿇.

Derived characters

[edit]
Additional Derived Characters

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  • Kangxi Dictionary:page 1515, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 47888
  • Dae Jaweon: page 2044, character 29
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4723, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+9EBB

Chinese

[edit]
trad.麻
simp.#麻
alternative forms蔴／麻
痲／痳

Glyph origin

[edit]
Historical forms of the character麻
Western ZhouShuowen Jiezi (compiled inHan)Liushutong (compiled inMing)
Bronze inscriptionsSmall seal scriptTranscribed ancient scripts
Characters in the samephonetic series (麻)(Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
麻*mraːl
痲*mraːl
犘*mraːl
縻*mral
醿*mral
爢*mral
蘼*mral, *mralʔ, *mrɯl
靡*mralʔ
摩*maːl, *maːls
魔*maːl
磨*maːl, *maːls
劘*maːl
麽*maːl
麼*maːlʔ
塺*maːls, *mɯːl
麾*hmral

Ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): 厂 + 𣏟: a representation of hemp leaves.

Etymology

[edit]

Etymology not clear, however PKS (Proto-Kam-Sui)*Ɂŋra¹ ‘sesame’ looks remotely similar to OC.

Pronunciation

[edit]
Note: muài - vernacular, mà - literary.
Note:
  • mua2/muo2 - vernacular (“hemp, flax, jute, sesame”);
  • ba2 - vernacular (“acerbic; itchy; apathetic”);
  • bor2 - vernacular (used in麻風);
  • ma2 - literary.
Note: môa, bâ - vernacular, mâ - literary.
Note:
  • mua5 - vernacular;
  • ma5 - literary.
Note:
  • mo - vernacular;
  • ma - literary.
Rime
Character麻
Reading #1/1
Initial (聲)明 (4)
Final (韻)麻 (98)
Tone (調)Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)Open
Division (等)II
Fanqie莫霞切
Baxtermae
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		/mˠa/
Pan
Wuyun		/mᵚa/
Shao
Rongfen		/ma/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		/maɨ/
Li
Rong		/ma/
Wang
Li		/ma/
Bernhard
Karlgren		/ma/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		má
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		maa4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character麻
Reading #1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		má
Middle
Chinese		‹ mæ ›
Old
Chinese		/*C.mˁraj/
Englishhemp

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character麻
Reading #1/1
No.8694
Phonetic
component		麻
Rime
group		歌
Rime
subdivision		1
Corresponding
MC rime		麻
Old
Chinese		/*mraːl/

Definitions

[edit]

麻

  1. general name forhemp,flax,jute, etc.
    大麻  ― dàmá  ―  hemp; cannabis
    黃麻／黄麻  ― huángmá  ―  jute
    亞麻／亚麻  ― yàmá  ―  flax
  2. hempfibre;linen
    麻布  ― mábù  ―  sackcloth; linen
    麻繩／麻绳  ― máshéng  ―  hemp rope
  3. (historical, obsolete)hempband worn on thehead orwaist by amourner
  4. mourninggarment; mourningapparel
    披麻戴孝  ― pīmádàixiào  ―  to wear the hemp garments of mourning
  5. (historical)imperialedict
  6. sesame
    麻油  ― máyóu  ― sesame oil
  7. numerous;chaotic
  8. coarse;rough
  9. spotty;pitted
    麻雀  ― máquè  ―  sparrow
  10. (traditional Chinese medicine)short for麻疹 (mázhěn, “measles”)
  11. pockmark;pock
    麻子  ― mázǐ  ―  pockmark; pockmarked person
    麻臉／麻脸  ― máliǎn  ―  pockmarked face
  12. numb;senseless
    麻痺／麻痹  ― mábì  ―  paralysis
    麻藥／麻药  ― máyào  ―  anesthetic
    我的腿都坐麻了。[MSC,trad. andsimp.]
    Wǒ de tuǐ dōu zuòmá le.[Pinyin]
    My legs have gone numb while sitting.
  13. (of foods)having thetaste like one ofSichuan pepper
    麻辣  ― málà  ―  Sichuan pepper-y and spicy
    舌頭發麻／舌头发麻  ― shétóu fāmá  ―  to have a tingling tongue
  14. (Sichuanese)tipsy
    喝麻了[Sichuanese]  ― has drunk oneselftipsy
  15. (Xianyou Puxian Min)astringent;acerbic;tart
  16. (Xianyou Puxian Min)itchy
  17. (Xianyou Puxian Min)cold;aloof;apathetic
  18. asurname

Synonyms

[edit]
Dialectal synonyms of大麻 (“hemp”)[map]
VarietyLocationWords
Formal(Written Standard Chinese)大麻,線麻
Northeastern MandarinBeijing麻
Chengde麻
Chifeng麻
Hulunbuir(Hailar)大麻
Heihe大麻
Qiqihar麻
Harbin大麻
Jiamusi麻
Baicheng大麻,麻
Changchun大麻
Tonghua線麻
Shenyang大麻,線麻
Jinzhou線麻
Jilu MandarinTianjin麻
Tangshan麻
Cangzhou麻
Baoding麻
Shijiazhuang大麻
Lijin麻
Jinan麻
Jiaoliao MandarinDalian線麻
Dandong大麻,麻
Yantai麻
Qingdao麻
Zhucheng麻
Central Plains MandarinLingbao麻
Jining麻
Linfen麻
Shangqiu大麻,麻
Yuanyang麻
Zhengzhou麻
Xinyang麻
Baihe麻
Xi'an麻
Baoji麻
Tianshui大麻
Xining大麻
Xuzhou麻
Fuyang麻
Lanyin MandarinYinchuan大麻,麻
Lanzhou大麻,麻
Dunhuang麻
Hami麻
Ürümqi麻,大麻
Southwestern MandarinChengdu大麻
Nanchong黃麻,火麻
Dazhou麻
Hanyuan麻
Xichang大麻
Zigong麻
Chongqing麻
Wuhan大麻
Yichang大麻,麻
Xiangyang大麻,麻
Tianmen大麻,麻
Guiyang麻
Zunyi黃麻
Bijie麻
Liping麻
Zhaotong大麻
Dali大麻
Kunming大麻,麻
Mengzi麻
Guilin大麻
Liuzhou黃麻,紅麻
Jishou麻
Changde麻
Hanzhong大麻,麻
Jianghuai MandarinNanjing麻
Yangzhou大麻
Lianyungang大麻
Lianshui黃麻,紅麻
Nantong麻
Anqing麻
Wuhu麻
Hefei大麻
Hong'an線麻
HuizhouShexian麻
JinTaiyuan大麻子
Yangyuan麻
Datong麻
Xinzhou麻子
Lüliang(Lishi)麻子
Changzhi麻
Linhe大麻,線麻
Jining大麻
Hohhot大麻
Erenhot大麻
Pingshan麻
Zhangjiakou大麻
Handan大麻,麻
Linzhou麻
Suide麻子
Southern MinXiamen黃麻
Dialectal synonyms of苧麻 (“ramie”)[map]
VarietyLocationWords
Formal(Written Standard Chinese)苧麻
Taxonomic name苧麻
Northeastern MandarinTaiwan苧麻
Harbin苧麻
Central Plains MandarinWanrong麻
Xi'an苧麻
Xining苧麻
Xuzhou苧麻
Southwestern MandarinLiuzhou青麻,元麻
Jianghuai MandarinNanjing苧麻
Yangzhou剝皮麻
CantoneseGuangzhou白麻
Dongguan苧麻
Nanning苧麻
GanLichuan苧麻
Pingxiang苧麻
HakkaMeixian苧麻,苧仔
Yudu苧麻
Miaoli(N. Sixian)苧仔
Pingtung(Neipu; S. Sixian)苧仔
Hsinchu County(Zhudong; Hailu)苧仔
Taichung(Dongshi; Dabu)苧,苧麻
Yunlin(Lunbei; Zhao'an)苧
HuizhouJixi苧麻
JinTaiyuan苧麻
Eastern MinFuzhou苧
Southern MinXiamen苧仔
Jinjiang苧仔
Zhao'an苧仔
New Taipei(Tamsui)苧仔
Kaohsiung(Cijin)苧仔
Kaohsiung(Dalinpu, Siaogang)苧仔
Yilan(Luodong)苧仔
Yilan(Toucheng)苧仔
Tainan(Anping)苧仔
Pingtung(Baoli, Checheng)苧仔
Shantou麻苧
Southern PinghuaNanning(Tingzi)苧麻
WuShanghai苧麻
Danyang大麻
Hangzhou苧麻
Ningbo苧麻
Wenzhou苧
Jinhua青麻
XiangLoudi苧麻
Dialectal synonyms of芝麻 (“sesame”)[map]
VarietyLocationWords
Formal(Written Standard Chinese)芝麻,胡麻
Northeastern MandarinBeijing芝麻
Taiwan芝麻
Langfang芝麻
Chengde芝麻
Chifeng芝麻
Hulunbuir(Hailar)芝麻
Heihe芝麻
Qiqihar芝麻
Harbin芝麻
Jiamusi芝麻
Baicheng芝麻
Changchun芝麻
Tonghua芝麻
Shenyang芝麻
Jinzhou芝麻
Singapore芝麻
Jilu MandarinTianjin芝麻
Tangshan芝麻
Cangzhou芝麻
Baoding芝麻
Shijiazhuang芝麻
Lijin芝麻
Jinan芝麻
Jiaoliao MandarinDalian芝麻
Dandong芝麻
Yantai芝麻
Yantai(Muping)芝麻
Qingdao芝麻
Zhucheng芝麻
Central Plains MandarinLuoyang芝麻
Lingbao芝麻
Jining芝麻
Daming芝麻
Wanrong芝麻
Linfen芝麻
Shangqiu芝麻
Yuanyang芝麻
Zhengzhou芝麻
Xinyang芝麻
Baihe芝麻
Xi'an芝麻
Baoji芝麻
Tianshui芝麻
Xining芝麻
Xuzhou芝麻
Fuyang芝麻
Sokuluk(Gansu Dungan)芝麻
Masanchin(Shaanxi Dungan)芝麻
Lanyin MandarinYinchuan芝麻
Lanzhou芝麻
Dunhuang芝麻
Hami芝麻
Ürümqi芝麻
Southwestern MandarinChengdu芝麻
Nanchong芝麻
Dazhou芝麻
Hanyuan芝麻子
Xichang芝麻
Zigong麻子
Chongqing芝麻
Wuhan芝麻,麻子
Yichang芝麻
Xiangyang芝麻
Tianmen芝麻
Guiyang芝麻
Zunyi芝麻
Bijie芝麻
Liping芝麻
Zhaotong芝麻
Dali芝麻
Kunming芝麻
Mengzi芝麻
Guilin芝麻
Liuzhou芝麻,油麻
Jishou芝麻,油麻
Changde芝麻
Hanzhong芝麻
Mae Salong(Lancang)芝麻
Mae Sai(Tengchong)芝麻
Pematangsiantar芝麻
Jianghuai MandarinNanjing芝麻
Yangzhou芝麻
Lianyungang芝麻
Lianshui芝麻
Nantong芝麻
Anqing芝麻
Wuhu芝麻
Hefei芝麻
Hong'an芝麻,油麻
CantoneseGuangzhou芝麻
Hong Kong芝麻
Hong Kong(San Tin; Weitou)芝麻
Hong Kong(Kam Tin; Weitou)芝麻
Hong Kong(Ting Kok)芝麻
Hong Kong(Tung Ping Chau)芝麻
Macau芝麻
Guangzhou(Panyu)芝麻
Guangzhou(Huashan, Huadu)芝麻
Guangzhou(Conghua)芝麻
Guangzhou(Zengcheng)芝麻
Foshan芝麻
Foshan(Shatou, Nanhai)芝麻
Foshan(Shunde)芝麻
Foshan(Sanshui)芝麻
Foshan(Mingcheng, Gaoming)芝麻
Zhongshan(Shiqi)芝麻
Zhuhai(Qianshan, Xiangzhou)芝麻
Zhuhai(Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)芝麻
Zhuhai(Doumen)芝麻
Jiangmen(Baisha)芝麻
Jiangmen(Xinhui)芝麻
Taishan芝麻
Kaiping(Chikan)芝麻
Enping(Niujiang)芝麻
Heshan(Yayao)芝麻
Dongguan油麻
Shenzhen(Shajing, Bao'an)油麻
Qingyuan芝麻
Fogang芝麻
Yingde(Hanguang)芝麻
Yangshan芝麻
Lianshan(Butian)麻子
Lianzhou(Qingshui; Sihui)麻子
Shaoguan芝麻
Shaoguan(Qujiang)芝麻
Renhua芝麻
Lechang芝麻
Zhaoqing(Gaoyao)芝麻
Sihui芝麻
Guangning芝麻
Deqing芝麻
Huaiji芝麻
Fengkai(Nanfeng)麻仔
Yunfu油麻
Xinxing芝麻
Luoding芝麻
Yunan(Pingtai)芝麻
Yangjiang油麻
Xinyi芝麻
Lianjiang芝麻
Nanning芝麻
Wuzhou芝麻
Yulin芝麻
Hepu(Lianzhou)芝麻,油麻
Hepu(Shatian)油麻
Beihai油麻
Beihai(Nankang)油麻
Beihai(Yingpan)油麻
Beihai(Qiaogang - Cô Tô)芝麻,油麻
Beihai(Qiaogang - Cát Bà)芝麻
Fangchenggang(Fangcheng)芝麻,油麻
Danzhou油麻
Kuala Lumpur(Guangfu)芝麻
Singapore(Guangfu)芝麻
Ho Chi Minh City(Guangfu)芝麻
Móng Cái芝麻,油麻
Bangkok(Guangfu)芝麻
GanNanchang芝麻
Lichuan麻仔,芝麻
Pingxiang芝麻,麻子
HakkaMeixian麻仔,麻
Huizhou(Huicheng; Bendihua)油麻
Dongguan(Qingxi)油麻
Shenzhen(Shatoujiao)油麻
Zhongshan(Wuguishan)油麻
Zhongshan(Nanlang Heshui)芝麻
Wuhua(Shuizhai)麻哩
Wuhua(Huacheng)麻哩
Wuhua(Changbu)油麻哩
Wuhua(Mianyang)麻哩
Guangzhou(Lütian, Conghua)油麻
Jiexi油麻
Ninghua麻仔
Yudu芝麻
Shicheng麻
Shangyou(Shexi)麻子
Miaoli(N. Sixian)麻仔
Pingtung(Neipu; S. Sixian)麻仔
Hsinchu County(Zhudong; Hailu)麻仔
Taichung(Dongshi; Dabu)麻
Hsinchu County(Qionglin; Raoping)麻仔
Yunlin(Lunbei; Zhao'an)麻子
Hong Kong油麻
Luchuan(Daqiao)芝麻
Chengdu(Hexingchang)麻子
Weiyuan(Guanyingtan)芝麻
Yilong(Ma'an)麻芝
Xichang(Huanglianguan)芝麻
Sabah(Longchuan)芝麻,麻
Senai(Huiyang)油麻
Singkawang油麻
Bangkok(Jiexi)油麻
HuizhouJixi油麻
Shexian芝麻
JinTaiyuan芝麻
Pingyao芝麻
Yangyuan芝麻
Datong芝麻
Xinzhou芝麻
Lüliang(Lishi)芝麻
Changzhi芝麻
Linhe芝麻
Jining芝麻
Hohhot芝麻
Erenhot芝麻
Pingshan芝麻
Zhangjiakou芝麻
Handan芝麻
Linzhou芝麻
Suide芝麻
Jiuxing YuminLanxi芝麻
Northern MinJian'ou麻仔
Jianyang麻仔
Eastern MinFuzhou芝麻,油麻
Fuqing油麻
Southern MinXiamen麻
Quanzhou麻
Jinjiang油麻
Zhangzhou麻
Dongshan麻
Penang(Hokkien)麻
Singapore(Hokkien)麻,油麻
Manila(Hokkien)麻
Longyan油麻
Datian油麻
Pingnan(Shangdu)油麻
Chaozhou油麻
Shantou油麻
Shantou(Chenghai)油麻
Shantou(Chaoyang)油麻
Nan'ao(Houzhai)油麻
Nan'ao(Yun'ao)油麻
Jieyang油麻
Lufeng油麻
Haifeng油麻
Bangkok(Teochew)油麻
Johor Bahru(Teochew)油麻
Pontianak(Teochew)油麻
Leizhou麻葈
Wenchang油麻
Haikou油麻
Puxian MinPutian蓖麻,芝麻
Putian(Donghai, Chengxiang)油麻
Putian(Jiangkou, Hanjiang)油麻
Putian(Nanri, Xiuyu)油麻
Xianyou油麻
Xianyou(Fengting)油麻
Xianyou(Youyang)油麻
Central MinYong'an麻,油麻
Sanming(Sanyuan)麻
Sanming(Shaxian)麻
Zhongshan MinZhongshan(Longdu, Shaxi)油麻
Zhongshan(Sanxiang)油麻
Southern PinghuaNanning(Tingzi)芝麻
Northern PinghuaGuilin(Dahe)油麻
Lingchuan(Shuangzhou)芝麻
WuShanghai芝麻
Shanghai(Chongming)芝麻
Suzhou芝麻
Danyang芝麻
Hangzhou芝麻
Ningbo芝麻
Wenzhou芝麻
Jinhua油麻
XiangChangsha芝麻
Loudi油麻籽
Shuangfeng油麻,芝麻
Quanzhou油麻

Compounds

[edit]

Japanese

[edit]
Shinjitai麻
Kyūjitai
[1]
麻󠄁
麻+&#xE0101;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
麻󠄃
麻+&#xE0103;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
Seehere for details.

Kanji

[edit]
See also:
麻

(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

[edit]

Compounds

[edit]

Etymology 1

[edit]
Kanji in this term
麻
あさ
Grade: S
kun'yomi

FromOld Japanese.

Likely cognate withKorean삼(sam,“hemp”).

Pronunciation

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

麻(あさ)• (asa) 

  1. hemp,Cannabis sativa
  2. flax
  3. linen
Derived terms
[edit]

Proper noun

[edit]

麻(あさ)• (Asa) 

  1. asurname

Etymology 2

[edit]
Kanji in this term
麻
お
Grade: S
kun'yomi

/wo/ →/o/

FromOld Japanese麻 (wo).[4]

Pronunciation

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

麻(お)• (o) ←を(wo)?

  1. thehemp orramie plant
  2. thread oryarn made fromfibers derived from thebark of hemp or ramiestems
Derived terms
[edit]

Etymology 3

[edit]
Kanji in this term
麻
そ
Grade: S
kun'yomi

Possibly from an altered pronunciation ofasa.

Pronunciation

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

麻(そ)• (so) 

  1. hemp
Usage notes
[edit]

Most often found in compounds.

Derived terms
[edit]

Etymology 4

[edit]
Kanji in this term
麻
ま
Grade: S
kan'yōon

FromMiddle Chinese麻 (MC mae, “hemp”).

Pronunciation

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

麻(ま)• (ma) 

  1. hemp plant
  2. hempbast, thebark of the hemp plant
  3. thread,yarn, orcloth made from the hemp fiber, used in the past for mourning clothes in China
Derived terms
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References

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  1. ^Haga, Gōtarō (1914),漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition,Tōkyō: Kōbunsha,→DOI, page2428 (paper), page1266 (digital)
  2. ^Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006),大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition,Tokyo:Sanseidō,→ISBN
  3. ↑3.03.1NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998),NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese),Tokyo:NHK Publishing, Inc.,→ISBN
  4. ^Shōgaku Tosho (1988),国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese),Tōkyō:Shogakukan,→ISBN

Korean

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Hanja

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麻 (eumhun삼마(sam ma))

  1. hanja form? of마(“hemp,jute,flax”)
  2. hanja form? of마(“sesame”)

Compounds

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Vietnamese

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Han character

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麻:Hán Việt readings:ma[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]
麻:Nôm readings:mà[1][2][3][4][5][7][8][9],mơ[1][2][3][4][5][7][8][9],ma[1][2][4],mé[1],mờ[1]

  1. chữ Nôm form ofma(“ghost(spirit appearing after death)”)
  2. chữ Nôm form ofmà
    1. but;however;nevertheless
    2. used inmà cả(“tobargain”)
    3. used inmặn mà(“moderatelysalty;attractive;alluring”)
  3. chữ Nôm form ofmé(“side;region;area”)
  4. chữ Nôm form ofmơ(“todream”)
  5. chữ Nôm form ofmờ(“dim,vague,unclear,blurred”)

Compounds

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References

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  1. ↑1.01.11.21.31.41.5Nguyễn (2014).
  2. ↑2.02.12.22.3Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. ↑3.03.13.2Trần (2004).
  4. ↑4.04.14.24.3Takeuchi (1988).
  5. ↑5.05.15.2Hồ (1976).
  6. ^Thiều Chửu (1942).
  7. ↑7.07.17.2Bonet (1899).
  8. ↑8.08.18.2Génibrel (1898).
  9. ↑9.09.19.2Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
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