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頭

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

See also:头

頭	U+982D,頭 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-982D

←頬
[U+982C]

CJK Unified Ideographs

頮 →
[U+982E]

Translingual

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Stroke order

Han character

[edit]

頭 (Kangxi radical 181,頁+7, 16 strokes,cangjie input一廿一月金 (MTMBC),four-corner1118₆,composition⿰豆頁)

Derived characters

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Additional Derived Characters

𭀆, 𫷒, 𢸸, 𤃌, 𨯲, 𡾣, 𨷩

Related characters

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头(Simplified Chinese)

References

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Kangxi Dictionary:page 1404, character 20
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 43490
Dae Jaweon: page 1921, character 13
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4372, character 5
Unihan data for U+982D

Chinese

[edit]

trad.		頭
simp.		头
alternative forms		䫁𥘖

Wikipedia has articles on:

頭 /头(Chinese)
頭 /头(Cantonese)
thèu(Hakka)
tàu(Eastern Min)
thâu(Min Nan)
头(Wu)

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character頭
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled inHan)
Small seal script

Characters in the samephonetic series (豆)(Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
侸	*toː
剅	toː, roː
郖	toː, doːs
鬪	*toːs
鋀	*tʰoː
頭	*doː
豆	*doːs
逗	doːs, dos
痘	*doːs
梪	*doːs
脰	*doːs
荳	*doːs
浢	*doːs
餖	*doːs
毭	*doːs
豎	*djoʔ
裋	*djoʔ
短	*toːnʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声,OC*doː): phonetic 豆(OC*doːs) + semantic 頁(“head”).

Etymology

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Replaced earlier首 (MC syuwX, “head”) due to homophony with手 (ɕɨuX, “hand”) (Sagart, 1999).

Several etymologies have been proposed:

FromProto-Sino-Tibetan *tV-pu (“head”) or its allofam*du (“head”); compareTibetan དབུ (dbu, “head”),Burmese ဦး (u:, “head”),Nuosu ꀑ (o, “head”),Proto-Loloish *ʔ-du² (“head”) (Benedict, 1972;Schuessler, 2007; STEDT;Starostin).
Contraction of髑髏 (OC*doːɡ roː, “skull”) (Wu, 2006).
FromProto-Mon-Khmer *duul() (“to carry on one's head”), whenceKhmer ទូល (tul); this is phonologically plausible since final consonants are often lost after a long vowel in loanwords (Schuessler, 2007).
A variant of豆 (OC*doːs, “a kind of vessel”), as skulls could have been used as drinking recipients; compareFrench tête (“head”) fromLatin testa (“pot; jug”) andGerman Kopf (“head”) fromMiddle High German kopf (“drinking vessel”) (Maréchal, 1994;Sagart, 1999). However,Schuessler (2007) notes that豆 (*doːs) seems like a tone C (去聲) derivation from頭 (*doː), which may have originally meant “skull”.
Baxter and Sagart (2014) reconstructs the Old Chinese with a*m- prefix for human body parts, deriving it from兜 (*tˤo, “helmet; hood”).

Pronunciation 1

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Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin):tóu (tou²)
(Zhuyin):ㄊㄡˊ
(Chengdu,Sichuanese Pinyin):tou²
(Xi'an,Guanzhong Pinyin):tóu
(Nanjing,Nanjing Pinyin):tóu
(Dungan,Cyrillic andWiktionary):ту (tu, I)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong,Jyutping):tau⁴ /tau^4-2
(Dongguan,Jyutping++):taau⁴
(Taishan,Wiktionary):heu³ / heu^3*
(Yangjiang,Jyutping++):tau⁴
Gan(Wiktionary):teu²
Hakka
(Sixian,PFS):thèu
(Hailu,HRS):teu
(Meixian,Guangdong):têu²
Jin(Wiktionary):tou¹
Northern Min(KCR):tê
Eastern Min(BUC):tàu
Puxian Min(Pouseng Ping'ing):tao² / tieo²
Southern Min
(Hokkien,POJ):thâu /thô͘ /thiô
(Teochew,Peng'im):tao⁵
(Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin):tao⁵
Southern Pinghua(Nanning,Jyutping++):dau⁴
Wu(Wugniu)
- (Northern):⁶deu /²doe /²deu /³de /³dei /³deu /²dei
- (Jinhua):³tieu;²dieu
Xiang
(Changsha,Wiktionary):dou²
(Loudi,Wiktionary):ddieu²
(Hengyang,Wiktionary):dou²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin:tóu
  - Zhuyin:ㄊㄡˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin:tóu
  - Wade–Giles:tʻou²
  - Yale:tóu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh:tour
  - Palladius:тоу(tou)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/tʰoʊ̯³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin:tou²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz:tou
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/tʰəu²¹/
- (Xi'an)
  - Guanzhong Pinyin:tóu
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/tʰɤu²⁴/
- (Nanjing)
  - Nanjing Pinyin:tóu
  - Nanjing Pinyin (numbered):tou²
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/tʰəɯ²⁴/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic andWiktionary:ту (tu, I)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/tʰou²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese,Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping:tau⁴ / tau^4-2
  - Yale:tàuh / táu
  - Cantonese Pinyin:tau⁴ / tau^4-2
  - Guangdong Romanization:teo⁴ / teo^4-2
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/tʰɐu̯²¹/, /tʰɐu̯²¹⁻³⁵/

Note:

tau4-2 - “leader; plug; classifier for pieces of seafood”.

(Dongguan,Guancheng)
- Jyutping++:taau⁴
- SinologicalIPA^(key):/tʰau²¹/
(Taishanese,Taicheng)
- Wiktionary:heu³ / heu^3*
- SinologicalIPA^(key):/heu²²/, /heu²²⁻²²⁵/

Note: heu3* - “leader”.

- (Yangjiang Yue,Jiangcheng)
  - Jyutping++:tau⁴
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/tʰɐu⁴²/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary:teu²
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/tʰɛu²⁴/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl.Miaoli andNeipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ:thèu
  - Hakka Romanization System:teu^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim:teu²
  - SinologicalIPA:/tʰeu̯¹¹/
- (Hailu, incl.Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System:teu
  - SinologicalIPA:/tʰeu⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong:têu²
  - SinologicalIPA:/tʰeu¹¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary:tou¹
  - SinologicalIPA (old-style):/tʰəu¹¹/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized:tê
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/tʰe³³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê:tàu
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/tʰau⁵³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing:tao²
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍:táu
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/tʰau¹³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing:tao²
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/tʰau²⁴/
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing:tieo²
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍:tá̤u
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/tʰieu¹³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing:tieo²
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/tʰieu²⁴/

Note:

tao2 - vernacular;
tieo2 - literary.

Southern Min
- (Hokkien:Xiamen,Quanzhou,Zhangzhou,Jinjiang,Taipei,Kaohsiung,Tainan,Taichung,Hsinchu,Lukang,Sanxia,Yilan,Kinmen,Magong,Penang,Philippines,Singapore)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:thâu
  - Tâi-lô:thâu
  - Phofsit Daibuun:taau
  - SinologicalIPA (Xiamen,Quanzhou,Jinjiang,Taipei,Tainan,Lukang,Yilan,Kinmen,Philippines,Singapore):/tʰau²⁴/
  - SinologicalIPA (Zhangzhou):/tʰau¹³/
  - SinologicalIPA (Kaohsiung,Penang):/tʰau²³/
- (Hokkien:Xiamen,Zhangzhou,Yilan,Kinmen,Magong)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:thô͘
  - Tâi-lô:thôo
  - Phofsit Daibuun:too
  - SinologicalIPA (Xiamen,Yilan,Kinmen):/tʰɔ²⁴/
  - SinologicalIPA (Zhangzhou):/tʰɔ¹³/
- (Hokkien:Quanzhou,Jinjiang,Taipei,Kaohsiung,Tainan,Lukang,Sanxia,Hsinchu)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:thiô
  - Tâi-lô:thiô
  - Phofsit Daibuun:tiooi
  - SinologicalIPA (Quanzhou,Jinjiang,Taipei,Lukang):/tʰio²⁴/
  - SinologicalIPA (Kaohsiung):/tʰiɤ²³/
  - SinologicalIPA (Tainan):/tʰiɤ²⁴/

Note:

thâu - vernacular;
thô͘/thiô - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im:tao⁵
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like:thâu
- SinologicalIPA^(key):/tʰau⁵⁵/
(Leizhou)
- Leizhou Pinyin:tao⁵
- SinologicalIPA:/tʰau²²/

Southern Pinghua
- (Nanning Pinghua,Tingzi)
  - Jyutping++:dau⁴
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/təu²¹/
Wu
- (Northern:Shanghai)
  - Wugniu:⁶deu
  - MiniDict:deu^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai):³deu
  - SinologicalIPA (Shanghai):/dɤ²³/
- (Northern:Jiading)
  - Wugniu:²doe
  - MiniDict:doe^平
  - SinologicalIPA (Jiading):/dø³¹/
- (Northern:Songjiang,Chongming,Suzhou,Jingjiang,Shaoxing,Ningbo)
  - Wugniu:²deu
  - MiniDict:deu^平
  - SinologicalIPA (Songjiang):/dɯ³¹/
  - SinologicalIPA (Chongming):/dɵ²⁴/
  - SinologicalIPA (Suzhou):/døy²²³/
  - SinologicalIPA (Jingjiang):/dʏ²¹³/
  - SinologicalIPA (Shaoxing):/dɤ²³¹/
  - SinologicalIPA (Ningbo):/dœʏ³¹³/
- (Northern:Jiaxing)
  - Wugniu:³de
  - MiniDict:de^上
  - SinologicalIPA (Jiaxing):/de⁴³³/
- (Northern:Changzhou,Hangzhou)
  - Wugniu:³dei
  - MiniDict:dei^上
  - SinologicalIPA (Changzhou):/dei⁴⁵/
  - SinologicalIPA (Hangzhou):/dei⁵³/
- (Northern:Hangzhou)
  - Wugniu:³deu
  - MiniDict:dei^上
  - SinologicalIPA (Hangzhou):/dey⁵³/
- (Northern:Zhoushan)
  - Wugniu:²dei
  - SinologicalIPA (Zhoushan):/dai²²/
- (Jinhua)
  - Wugniu:³tieu;²dieu
  - SinologicalIPA (Jinhua):/tiu⁵³⁵/,/diu³¹³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary:dou²
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/təu̯¹³/
- (Loudi)
  - Wiktionary:ddieu²
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/di̯ɤ¹³/
- (Hengyang)
  - Wiktionary:dou²
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/d̥ɘu̯¹¹/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 頭
Mandarin	Beijing	/tʰou³⁵/
	Harbin	/tʰou²⁴/
	Tianjin	/tʰou⁴⁵/
	Jinan	/tʰou⁴²/
	Qingdao	/tʰou⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/tʰou⁴²/
	Xi'an	/tʰou²⁴/
	Xining	/tʰɯ²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/tʰəu⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/tʰou⁵³/
	Ürümqi	/tʰɤu⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/tʰəu²¹³/
	Chengdu	/tʰəu³¹/
	Guiyang	/tʰəu²¹/
	Kunming	/tʰəu³¹/
	Nanjing	/tʰəɯ²⁴/
	Hefei	/tʰɯ⁵⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/tʰəu¹¹/
	Pingyao	/təu¹³/ /tʰəu¹³/
	Hohhot	/tʰəu³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/dɤ²³/
	Suzhou	/dɤ¹³/
	Hangzhou	/dei²¹³/
	Wenzhou	/dɤu³¹/
Hui	Shexian	/tʰiu⁴⁴/
Hui	Tunxi	/tʰiu⁴⁴/
Xiang	Changsha	/təu¹³/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/dəɯ¹²/
Gan	Nanchang	/tʰɛu²⁴/
Hakka	Meixian	/tʰeu¹¹/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/tʰeu¹¹/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/tʰɐu²¹/
	Nanning	/tʰɐu²¹/
	Hong Kong	/tʰɐu²¹/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/tʰɔ³⁵/ /tʰau³⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/tʰau⁵³/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/tʰe³³/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/tʰau⁵⁵/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/hau³¹/

Middle Chinese:duw

Rime
Character	頭
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	侯 (137)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	度侯切
Baxter	duw
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/dəu/
Pan Wuyun	/dəu/
Shao Rongfen	/dəu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/dəw/
Li Rong	/du/
Wang Li	/dəu/
Bernhard Karlgren	/dʱə̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tóu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	tau⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart):/*[m-t]ˤo/
(Zhengzhang):/*doː/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	頭
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	tóu
Middle Chinese	‹ duw ›
Old Chinese	/*[m-t]ˁo/
English	head
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	頭
Reading #	1/1
No.	2465
Phonetic component	豆
Rime group	侯
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	頭
Old Chinese	/*doː/

Definitions

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頭

(anatomy)head(Classifier:個／个mc)
我頭不再痛了。／我头不再痛了。 ― Wǒtóu bùzài tòng le. ― Myhead doesn't hurt any more.
- 居喪之禮，頭有創則沐，身有瘍則浴。[Classical Chinese,trad.]
  居丧之礼，头有创则沐，身有疡则浴。[Classical Chinese,simp.]
  From: TheBook of Rites,c. 4^th – 2^nd centuryBCE
  Jūsāng zhī lǐ,tóu yǒu chuāng zé mù, shēn yǒu yáng zé yù.[Pinyin]
  According to the same rules, if he have a scab on hishead, he should wash it; if he have a sore on his body, he should bathe it.
- 我又要叫你和女人彼此為仇；你的後裔和女人的後裔也彼此為仇。女人的後裔要傷你的頭；你要傷他的腳跟。[MSC,trad.]
  我又要叫你和女人彼此为仇；你的后裔和女人的后裔也彼此为仇。女人的后裔要伤你的头；你要伤他的脚跟。[MSC,simp.]
  From:新標點和合本 (Chinese Union Version with New Punctuation),創世記 (Genesis) 3:15
  Wǒ yòu yào jiào nǐ hé nǚrén bǐcǐ wéi chóu; nǐ de hòuyì hé nǚrén de hòuyì yě bǐcǐ wéi chóu. Nǚrén de hòuyì yào shāng nǐ detóu; nǐ yào shāng tā de jiǎogēn.[Pinyin]
  And I will put enmity between thee and the woman, and between thy seed and her seed; it shall bruise thyhead, and thou shalt bruise his heel.
hair;hairstyle
洗頭／洗头 ― xǐtóu ― to wash one'shair
把頭剃光／把头剃光 ― bǎtóu tì guāng ― to shave one'shead
beginning orend
從頭開始／从头开始 ― cóngtóu kāishǐ ― to start from thebeginning
top;tip;end
山頭／山头 ― shāntóu ― top of a mountain
火柴頭／火柴头 ― huǒcháitóu ― tip of a match
chief;boss;leader(person that leads or directs)
工頭／工头 ― gōngtóu ― foreman
你們的頭兒是誰？[MSC,trad.]
你们的头儿是谁？[MSC,simp.]
Nǐmen detóur shì shéi?[Pinyin]
Who is your leader?
remnant;end
布頭兒／布头儿 ― bùtóur ― oddment
煙頭／烟头 ― yāntóu ― cigarette bud
(computing)header
文件頭／文件头 ― wénjiàntóu ― fileheader
請求頭／请求头 ― qǐngqiútóu ― requestheader
first;leading
頭獎／头奖 ― tóujiǎng ― first prize; biggest prize
頭班車／头班车 ― tóu bān chē ― first departure
(used before a classifier or a numeral) first
頭一遍／头一遍 ― tóu yī biàn ― thefirst time
頭三天／头三天 ― tóu sān tiān ― thefirst three days
頭幾個／头几个 ― tóu jǐge ― thefirst few
(Hakka, Southern Min, dated in Mainland China)station
車頭／车头[Hokkien] ― chhia-thâu[Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― train station
side;aspect
(Cantonese)area;location
嗰頭／嗰头[Cantonese] ― go²tau⁴[Jyutping] ― thatarea
你喺邊頭返工㗎？[Cantonese,trad.]
你喺边头返工㗎？[Cantonese,simp.]
nei⁵ hai² bin¹tau⁴ faan¹ gung¹ gaa³?[Jyutping]
Where do you work?
(Cantonese)plug;connector;short for插頭／插头
type C頭／type C头[Cantonese] ― type Ctau^4-2[Jyutping] ― USB Type-C connector
Classifier forlivestock. ⇒all nouns using this classifier
我有兩頭豬。／我有两头猪。 ― Wǒ yǒu liǎngtóu zhū. ― I have two pigs.
(dialectal)Classifier for otheranimals.
(Northern Min)Classifier forflowers.
(Cantonese)Classifier for number of pieces of dried seafood (e.g.abalones) in one catty.
(Cantonese)Classifier for number ofabalones in one can.

Synonyms

[edit]

Dialectal synonyms of頭 (“head”)[map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		首,元,頭,元首
Formal(Written Standard Chinese)		頭,頭部,頭顱,頭腦
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	頭,腦袋,腦袋瓜兒,腦袋瓜子,腦殼兒,腦殼,腦瓜兒,腦瓜子,老屋子
	Taiwan	頭,腦袋
	Chengde	頭,腦袋瓜兒
	Ulanhot	腦袋,腦袋瓜兒
	Tongliao	腦袋
	Chifeng	頭,腦袋,腦袋瓜子
	Hulunbuir(Hailar)	頭,腦袋,腦袋瓜兒
	Heihe	頭,腦袋,腦袋瓜兒,腦瓜兒,腦瓜子
	Qiqihar	頭,腦袋瓜兒,腦瓜兒
	Harbin	頭,腦殼兒,腦殼子,腦子,腦瓜兒,腦瓜子,腦袋,腦袋瓜兒,腦袋瓜子
	Jiamusi	頭,腦瓜兒,腦袋,腦袋瓜子
	Baicheng	頭,腦瓜兒,腦袋,腦袋瓜兒
	Changchun	頭,腦袋,腦袋瓜子
	Tonghua	頭,腦袋,腦袋瓜子
	Shenyang	頭,腦袋,腦袋瓜子
	Jinzhou	頭,腦袋,腦袋瓜兒
	Singapore	頭
	Olginsky(Mikhaylovka)	腦袋
Jilu Mandarin	Tianjin	頭,腦袋,腦瓜子,腦瓜兒,腦袋瓜子,腦袋瓜兒
	Tangshan	頭,腦袋,腦袋瓜兒,腦瓜兒
	Cangzhou	頭,腦袋,腦袋瓜兒,腦殼兒
	Baoding	頭,腦袋,腦袋瓜兒
	Shijiazhuang	頭,腦袋
	Lijin	頭,腦袋,腦袋瓜兒
	Jinan	頭,腦袋,腦袋瓜子,腦瓜子,腦瓜兒
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Dalian	頭
	Dandong	頭,腦袋,腦袋瓜兒
	Yantai	頭
	Yantai(Muping)	頭,腦袋瓜子 derogatory
	Qingdao	頭,腦袋,腦袋瓜兒
	Zhucheng	頭
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	頭,低腦
	Lingbao	頭
	Jining	頭
	Wanrong	得腦
	Linfen	得腦
	Shangqiu	頭,腦袋,腦袋瓜兒,腦瓜兒
	Yuanyang	頭,腦袋,腦瓜兒
	Zhengzhou	頭,腦袋
	Kaifeng	腦袋
	Xinyang	頭
	Baihe	頭,腦袋,腦瓜兒
	Xi'an	𦠿,頭,腦袋,脊囊
	Baoji	頭,多腦
	Tianshui	頭,多腦
	Xining	頭,腦袋,朵落
	Xuzhou	頭,腦袋,腦袋瓜子,棗木 dated, humorous
	Fuyang	頭,腦袋
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	頭
	Bayanhot	頭,腦袋
	Lanzhou	頭,頭蛋骨,得勒 derogatory
	Dunhuang	頭,腦瓜子,腦勺,腦勺殼子
	Hami	頭,腦袋
	Ürümqi	頭,腦瓜子
	Ürümqi(Xigou)	頭
	Ürümqi(Changshanzi)	頭
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	腦殼
	Nanchong	頭,腦袋,腦袋瓜子
	Dazhou	腦殼
	Hanyuan	腦殼
	Xichang	腦殼,腦袋,腦袋瓜兒
	Zigong	頭,腦殼
	Chongqing	腦殼,沙罐兒
	Wuhan	頭,腦殼,腦瓜子
	Yichang	腦袋,腦袋瓜子
	Xiangyang	頭,腦袋,腦殼
	Tianmen	頭,腦袋,腦殼
	Guiyang	腦殼
	Zunyi	腦袋,腦殼兒
	Bijie	腦殼
	Liping	腦袋,腦殼
	Zhaotong	腦殼
	Dali	腦殼
	Kunming	頭,腦殼,腦袋
	Mengzi	頭,腦殼
	Guilin	頭,腦殼
	Liuzhou	頭,頭殼,腦殼
	Tianlin(Langping)	腦殼
	Jishou	頭,腦殼
	Changde	腦殼
	Hanzhong	頭,腦袋,腦殼
	Mae Salong(Lancang)	頭,腦袋
	Mae Sai(Tengchong)	頭,腦袋
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	頭,頭兒
	Yangzhou	頭
	Lianyungang	頭
	Lianshui	頭,腦袋瓜子
	Xinghua	頭
	Nantong	頭
	Anqing	頭,腦袋瓜
	Wuhu	頭
	Hefei	頭
	Hong'an	頭,腦殼,腦袋
Cantonese	Guangzhou	頭,頭殼
	Hong Kong	頭,頭殼
	Hong Kong(San Tin; Weitou)	頭殼
	Hong Kong(Kam Tin; Weitou)	頭殼
	Hong Kong(Ting Kok)	頭
	Hong Kong(Tung Ping Chau)	頭
	Macau	頭
	Guangzhou(Panyu)	頭,頭殼
	Guangzhou(Huashan, Huadu)	頭
	Guangzhou(Conghua)	頭
	Guangzhou(Zengcheng)	頭,頭殼
	Foshan	頭,頭殼
	Foshan(Shatou, Nanhai)	頭
	Foshan(Shunde)	頭
	Foshan(Sanshui)	頭殼
	Foshan(Mingcheng, Gaoming)	頭
	Zhongshan(Shiqi)	頭
	Zhuhai(Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	頭
	Zhuhai(Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	頭
	Zhuhai(Doumen)	頭,頭殼
	Jiangmen(Baisha)	頭
	Jiangmen(Xinhui)	頭
	Taishan	頭
	Kaiping(Chikan)	頭
	Enping(Niujiang)	頭
	Heshan(Yayao)	頭
	Dongguan	腦殼,頭
	Shenzhen(Shajing, Bao'an)	頭殼
	Shenzhen(Dapeng)	頭
	Qingyuan	頭
	Fogang	頭
	Yingde(Hanguang)	頭殼
	Yangshan	頭
	Lianshan(Butian)	頭
	Lianzhou(Qingshui; Sihui)	頭
	Shaoguan	頭,頭殼
	Shaoguan(Qujiang)	頭
	Renhua	頭乸殼
	Lechang	頭
	Zhaoqing(Gaoyao)	頭
	Sihui	頭
	Guangning	頭
	Deqing	頭
	Huaiji	頭,羅殼
	Fengkai(Nanfeng)	頭
	Yunfu	頭,頭殼
	Xinxing	頭,頭殼
	Luoding	頭
	Yunan(Pingtai)	頭
	Yangjiang	頭殼
	Xinyi	頭,頭殼
	Maoming(Xinpo)	頭,頭殼
	Lianjiang	頭,頭殼
	Wuchuan(Wuyang)	頭
	Nanning	頭,頭殼
	Wuzhou	頭
	Yulin	頭,頭殼
	Hepu(Lianzhou)	頭殼
	Hepu(Shatian)	頭骨
	Guiping	頭
	Mengshan(Xihe)	頭
	Guigang(Nanjiang)	頭
	Baise	頭
	Bobai	頭
Lingshan	頭
Pubei	頭
Qinzhou	頭
Beihai	頭
Beihai(Nankang)	頭殼
Beihai(Yingpan)	頭殼
Beihai(Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	頭
Beihai(Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	頭
Ningming	頭
Hengzhou	頭
Hezhou(Pumen, Babu)	頭
Fangchenggang(Fangcheng)	頭
Sanya(Yanglan; Maihua)	頭
Kuala Lumpur(Guangfu)	頭
Singapore(Guangfu)	頭
Ho Chi Minh City(Guangfu)	頭
Móng Cái	頭
Gan	Nanchang	頭,腦蓋
	Lichuan	頭,腦
	Pingxiang	腦殼
Hakka	Meixian	頭那
	Xingning	頭那
	Dabu(Xihe)	頭那
	Huizhou(Huicheng; Bendihua)	頭,頭那,頭殼
	Huizhou(Shuikou; Bendihua)	頭那,頭
	Huizhou(Hengli; Bendihua)	頭那,頭
	Huiyang	頭那
	Huidong(Pingshan; Bendihua)	頭那,頭
	Huidong(Daling)	頭那
	Dongguan(Qingxi)	頭那
	Longmen(Pingling; Bendihua)	頭那
	Longmen(Luxi; Bendihua)	頭那,頭
	Boluo(Bendihua)	頭,那殼
	Shenzhen(Shatoujiao)	頭那
	Zhongshan(Nanlang Heshui)	頭
	Wuhua(Shuizhai)	頭那
	Wuhua(Huacheng)	頭那,頭
	Wuhua(Changbu)	頭那
	Wuhua(Mianyang)	頭那
	Wuhua(Meilin)	頭那
	Heyuan(Bendihua)	頭,頭那
	Zijin(Guzhu; Bendihua)	頭那
	Longchuan(Tuocheng; Bendihua)	頭,頭那
	Longchuan(Sidu; Bendihua)	頭那
	Heping(Linzhai; Bendihua)	頭那
	Lianping(Zhongxin; Bendihua)	頭那
	Lianping(Longjie; Bendihua)	頭,頭那
	Wengyuan	頭那
	Shaoguan(Qujiang)	頭那
	Xinfeng(Matou; Bendihua)	頭,頭那
	Xinfeng(Daxi; Bendihua)	頭那,頭
	Lianshan(Xiaosanjiang)	頭那
	Liannan	頭
	Guangzhou(Lütian, Conghua)	頭
	Jiexi	頭那
	Luhe	頭那
	Zhao'an(Xiuzhuan)	頭那
	Changting	頭那
	Wuping	頭那
	Wuping(Yanqian)	頭那
	Wuping(Pingyu)	頭那
	Liancheng	頭那
	Ninghua	腦殼
	Yudu	頭,腦蓋,腦殼
	Ningdu	腦蓋
	Ruijin	腦蓋,頭那殼
	Shicheng	腦蓋,腦殼
	Shangyou(Shexi)	腦蓋
	Tonggu(Sandu)	頭那
	Ganzhou(Panlong)	腦蓋
	Dayu	腦骨窠
	Miaoli(N. Sixian)	頭那
	Pingtung(Neipu; S. Sixian)	頭那
	Hsinchu County(Zhudong; Hailu)	頭那
	Taichung(Dongshi; Dabu)	頭那
	Hsinchu County(Qionglin; Raoping)	頭那
	Yunlin(Lunbei; Zhao'an)	頭那
	Hong Kong	頭那
	Yangxi(Tangkou)	頭
	Yangchun(Sanjia)	頭殼
	Xinyi(Sihe)	頭
	Xinyi(Qianpai)	頭
	Gaozhou(Xindong)	頭,頭殼
	Maoming(Shalang, Dianbai)	頭殼
Huazhou(Xin'an)	頭殼
Lianjiang(Shijiao)	頭殼
Lianjiang(Qingping)	頭殼
Mengshan(Xihe)	頭腦
Luchuan	頭殼
Luchuan(Daqiao)	頭
Bobai(Shahe)	頭,頭殼
Beiliu(Tang'an)	頭那
Mashan(Pianlian)	頭那
Sabah(Longchuan)	頭那
Kuala Lumpur(Dabu)	頭那
Senai(Huiyang)	頭那
Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa(Hepo)	頭
Singkawang	頭那
Singapore(Meixian)	頭那
Singapore(Dabu)	頭那
Huizhou	Jixi	頭,腦殼
Huizhou	Shexian	頭,頭腦殼
Jin	Taiyuan	得腦,頭,腦袋,乾骷髏 derogatory,骷髏 derogatory
	Pingyao	得腦
	Yangyuan	頭,腦袋,腦袋瓜兒,腦瓜兒
	Datong	頭,腦袋
	Xinzhou	得腦,頭,腦袋
	Lüliang(Lishi)	腦袋,腦袋瓜兒,腦
	Changzhi	頭,腦袋,得腦
	Taibus(Baochang)	頭
	Linhe	頭,腦袋,得腦
	Jining	頭,腦袋
	Hohhot	頭,腦袋,得腦
	Baotou	腦袋
	Dongsheng	頭
	Haibowan	腦袋
	Erenhot	頭,腦袋,腦袋瓜子
	Pingshan	頭,腦袋瓜兒
	Zhangjiakou	頭,腦袋
	Handan	頭,腦袋,腦袋瓜子
	Linzhou	頭,得腦哦
	Suide	頭,腦
Northern Min	Jian'ou	頭
	Jian'ou(Dikou)	頭
	Songxi	頭
	Zhenghe(Zhenqian)	頭
	Jianyang	頭
	Wuyishan	腦殼
	Pucheng(Shibei)	頭
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	頭,頭腦,頭首
	Lianjiang	頭
	Fuqing	頭
	Gutian	頭
	Pingnan	頭
	Fu'an	頭
	Ningde	頭子
	Xiapu	頭
	Shouning	頭
	Zhouning	頭
	Fuding	頭
	Matsu	頭,頭首
Southern Min	Xiamen	頭,頭殼
	Xiamen(Tong'an)	頭殼
	Quanzhou	頭,頭殼
	Jinjiang	頭殼
	Hui'an	頭殼
	Anxi	頭殼
	Yongchun	頭殼
	Dehua	頭殼
	Zhangzhou	頭,頭殼
	Zhangzhou(Longhai)	頭殼
	Hua'an	頭殼
	Pinghe	頭殼
	Zhangpu	頭殼
	Yunxiao	頭碗
	Zhao'an	頭殼
	Dongshan	頭
	Taipei	頭,頭殼
	Taipei(Wanhua)	頭殼
	New Taipei(Sanxia)	頭,頭殼
	Kaohsiung	頭,頭殼
	Yilan	頭,頭殼
	Changhua(Lukang)	頭,頭殼
	Taichung	頭殼
	Taichung(Wuqi)	頭殼
	Tainan	頭,頭殼
	Taitung	頭殼
	Hsinchu	頭殼
	Kinmen	頭殼
	Penghu(Magong)	頭殼
	Penang(Hokkien)	頭,頭殼
	Singapore(Hokkien)	頭,頭殼
	Manila(Hokkien)	頭,頭殼
	Longyan	頭殼
	Datian	頭殼
	Pingnan(Shangdu)	頭
	Chaozhou	頭殼
	Shantou	頭殼,頭,腦殼
	Shantou(Chenghai)	頭殼
	Shantou(Chaoyang)	頭,頭殼
	Jieyang	頭,頭殼
	Lufeng	頭殼
	Haifeng	頭,頭殼,頭殼顱
	Bangkok(Teochew)	頭
	Johor Bahru(Teochew)	頭
	Singapore(Teochew)	頭
	Batam(Teochew)	頭
	Leizhou	頭,頭顱,殼升
	Wenchang	頭
	Haikou	頭顱,頭殼
	Qionghai	頭,頭顱
Puxian Min	Putian	頭,頭末
	Putian(Donghai, Chengxiang)	頭
	Putian(Jiangkou, Hanjiang)	頭末
	Putian(Nanri, Xiuyu)	頭
	Xianyou	頭
	Xianyou(Fengting)	頭
	Xianyou(Youyang)	頭,頭囝
	Fuding(Aoyao)	頭殼
Central Min	Yong'an	頭殼,頭
	Sanming(Sanyuan)	頭殼
	Sanming(Shaxian)	頭殼
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan(Longdu, Shaxi)	頭殼
Southern Pinghua	Nanning(Tingzi)	頭,頭殼
Southern Pinghua	Nanning(Xinxu)	頭
Northern Pinghua	Guilin(Dahe)	頭
Wu	Shanghai	頭,腦袋,頭骷顱,骷顱頭 often derogatory,骷郎頭 often derogatory
	Shanghai(Chongming)	頭爿
	Suzhou	頭,骷郎頭,六斤四兩
	Danyang	頭,腦袋瓜,頭骷郎
	Hangzhou	頭,腦頭瓜
	Ningbo	骷顱頭,骷郎頭,頭,骷顱頭甏 derogatory,骷顱頭瓶 derogatory,六斤四兩 humorous
	Wenzhou	頭,六斤四 secret
	Jinhua	頭,葫粒頭 humorous
Xiang	Changsha	腦殼
	Xiangxiang	腦殼
	Loudi	腦殼
	Shuangfeng	腦殼
	Hengyang	腦殼
	Quanzhou	腦殼
Xiangnan Tuhua	Jiangyong	腦牯

Dialectal synonyms of頭 (“(classifier for cows)”)[map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal(Written Standard Chinese)		頭
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	頭,條
	Taiwan	頭,隻
	Chifeng	頭
	Hulunbuir(Hailar)	頭
	Harbin	頭
	Shenyang	頭,條
	Singapore	頭
Jilu Mandarin	Tianjin	頭
	Tangshan	頭
	Cangzhou	頭
	Baoding	頭
	Shijiazhuang	頭
	Jinan	個,頭
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai(Muping)	頭
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Qingdao	頭
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	頭
	Zhengzhou	頭
	Xi'an	頭
	Xining	頭
	Xuzhou	頭
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	頭
	Lanzhou	頭
	Ürümqi	頭
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	頭,根,條
	Chongqing	頭
	Wuhan	頭,條
	Guiyang	頭
	Kunming	頭
	Guilin	頭
	Liuzhou	頭
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	頭,條
	Yangzhou	頭,條
	Nantong	頭
	Hefei	頭,條
Cantonese	Guangzhou	隻,頭
	Hong Kong	隻
	Hong Kong(San Tin; Weitou)	隻
	Hong Kong(Kam Tin; Weitou)	隻
	Hong Kong(Ting Kok)	條
	Hong Kong(Tung Ping Chau)	條
	Macau	隻
	Guangzhou(Panyu)	隻
	Guangzhou(Huashan, Huadu)	隻
	Guangzhou(Conghua)	隻
	Guangzhou(Zengcheng)	個,頭,隻,條
	Foshan	隻
	Foshan(Shatou, Nanhai)	隻
	Foshan(Shunde)	隻
	Foshan(Sanshui)	隻
	Foshan(Mingcheng, Gaoming)	隻
	Zhongshan(Shiqi)	隻
	Zhuhai(Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	隻
	Zhuhai(Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	隻
	Zhuhai(Doumen)	隻,個
	Jiangmen(Baisha)	個
	Jiangmen(Xinhui)	個
	Taishan	個,條
	Kaiping(Chikan)	個
	Enping(Niujiang)	個
	Heshan(Yayao)	個
	Dongguan	隻
	Shenzhen(Shajing, Bao'an)	隻
	Yangjiang	個
	Nanning	隻
	Danzhou	頭
	Kuala Lumpur(Guangfu)	隻
Gan	Nanchang	隻,條
	Lichuan	條
	Pingxiang	隻
Hakka	Meixian	條
	Huizhou(Huicheng; Bendihua)	條
	Huiyang	條
	Dongguan(Qingxi)	條
	Shenzhen(Shatoujiao)	隻
	Zhongshan(Nanlang Heshui)	條
	Wuhua(Shuizhai)	條
	Wuhua(Huacheng)	條
	Wuhua(Changbu)	條
	Wuhua(Mianyang)	條
	Heyuan(Bendihua)	條
	Wengyuan	條
	Liannan	條
	Guangzhou(Lütian, Conghua)	條
	Jiexi	條
	Luhe	條
	Zhao'an(Xiuzhuan)	隻
	Changting	隻
	Wuping(Yanqian)	隻
	Ninghua	頭
	Ningdu	隻
	Tonggu(Sandu)	隻
	Ganzhou(Panlong)	隻
	Dayu	隻
	Hong Kong	條
	Yangxi(Tangkou)	隻
	Yangchun(Sanjia)	隻
	Xinyi(Sihe)	隻
	Xinyi(Qianpai)	隻
	Gaozhou(Xindong)	隻
	Maoming(Shalang, Dianbai)	頭
	Huazhou(Xin'an)	隻
	Lianjiang(Shijiao)	隻
	Lianjiang(Qingping)	隻
	Mengshan(Xihe)	條
	Luchuan	隻
	Sabah(Longchuan)	條
	Senai(Huiyang)	條
	Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa(Hepo)	頭
	Singkawang	條
Huizhou	Jixi	條,隻
Huizhou	Shexian	隻
Jin	Taiyuan	頭
	Xinzhou	條,個
	Linhe	頭
	Jining	頭
	Hohhot	頭
	Zhangjiakou	頭
	Handan	頭
Northern Min	Jian'ou	頭
	Jian'ou(Dikou)	頭
	Zhenghe(Zhenqian)	隻
	Pucheng(Shibei)	條
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	頭
Eastern Min	Fuqing	頭
Southern Min	Xiamen	隻
	Quanzhou	隻
	Jinjiang	隻
	Yongchun	隻
	Zhangzhou	隻
	Zhao'an	隻
	Taipei	隻
	New Taipei(Sanxia)	隻
	Kaohsiung	隻
	Yilan	隻
	Changhua(Lukang)	隻
	Taichung	隻
	Taichung(Wuqi)	隻
	Tainan	隻
	Taitung	隻
	Hsinchu	隻
	Kinmen	隻
	Penghu(Magong)	隻
	Penang(Hokkien)	隻
	Singapore(Hokkien)	隻
	Manila(Hokkien)	隻
	Datian	頭
	Chaozhou	隻
	Shantou	隻
	Shantou(Chenghai)	隻
	Haifeng	隻
	Bangkok(Teochew)	隻
	Johor Bahru(Teochew)	隻
	Wenchang	隻
	Haikou	隻
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan(Longdu, Shaxi)	個
Wu	Shanghai	隻
	Shanghai(Chongming)	隻
	Suzhou	隻
	Hangzhou	隻
	Wenzhou	頭
	Jinhua	條,隻
Xiang	Changsha	條,隻
Xiang	Shuangfeng	隻

Dialectal synonyms of頭 (“(classifier for elephants)”)[map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal(Written Standard Chinese)		頭,隻
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	頭,隻
Central Plains Mandarin	Xining	頭
Central Plains Mandarin	Xuzhou	頭
Southwestern Mandarin	Liuzhou	頭
Cantonese	Hong Kong	隻
Southern Min	Xiamen	隻
Wu	Shanghai	隻

Dialectal synonyms of口 (“(classifier for pigs)”)[map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal(Written Standard Chinese)		口,頭
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	口
	Ulanhot	頭
	Tongliao	頭
	Chifeng	頭
	Hulunbuir(Hailar)	頭
	Singapore	頭
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	口
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai(Muping)	口,頭
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	頭
Central Plains Mandarin	Xuzhou	頭
Lanyin Mandarin	Bayanhot	口,頭
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	條,根
	Wuhan	口
	Guiyang	頭
	Guilin	頭
	Liuzhou	頭
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	口
Cantonese	Guangzhou	隻,條
	Hong Kong	隻
	Hong Kong(San Tin; Weitou)	隻
	Hong Kong(Kam Tin; Weitou)	隻
	Hong Kong(Ting Kok)	隻
	Hong Kong(Tung Ping Chau)	條
	Macau	隻
	Guangzhou(Panyu)	隻
	Guangzhou(Huashan, Huadu)	隻
	Guangzhou(Conghua)	隻
	Guangzhou(Zengcheng)	個
	Foshan	隻
	Foshan(Shatou, Nanhai)	隻
	Foshan(Shunde)	隻
	Foshan(Sanshui)	隻
	Foshan(Mingcheng, Gaoming)	隻
	Zhongshan(Shiqi)	隻
	Zhuhai(Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	隻
	Zhuhai(Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	隻
	Zhuhai(Doumen)	隻,個
	Jiangmen(Baisha)	隻
	Jiangmen(Xinhui)	個
	Taishan	個,隻
	Kaiping(Chikan)	個
	Enping(Niujiang)	個
	Heshan(Yayao)	隻
	Dongguan	隻
	Shenzhen(Shajing, Bao'an)	隻
	Nanning	隻
	Kuala Lumpur(Guangfu)	隻
Hakka	Meixian	條
	Huizhou(Huicheng; Bendihua)	條
	Huiyang	條
	Dongguan(Qingxi)	條
	Shenzhen(Shatoujiao)	隻
	Zhongshan(Nanlang Heshui)	條
	Heyuan(Bendihua)	條
	Wengyuan	條
	Liannan	條
	Guangzhou(Lütian, Conghua)	條,隻
	Jiexi	條
	Zhao'an(Xiuzhuan)	隻
	Changting	隻
	Wuping(Yanqian)	隻
	Ninghua	頭
	Ningdu	隻
	Tonggu(Sandu)	隻
	Ganzhou(Panlong)	隻
	Dayu	隻
	Hong Kong	隻,條
	Yangxi(Tangkou)	隻
	Yangchun(Sanjia)	隻
	Xinyi(Sihe)	隻
	Xinyi(Qianpai)	隻
	Gaozhou(Xindong)	隻
	Maoming(Shalang, Dianbai)	隻
	Huazhou(Xin'an)	隻
	Lianjiang(Shijiao)	隻
	Lianjiang(Qingping)	隻
	Mengshan(Xihe)	條
	Luchuan	隻
	Senai(Huiyang)	條
Huizhou	Jixi	隻
Jin	Taiyuan	頭
	Taibus(Baochang)	頭
	Linhe	頭
	Jining	頭
	Hohhot	口
	Baotou	頭
	Dongsheng	頭
	Haibowan	頭
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	頭
Southern Min	Xiamen	隻
	Quanzhou	隻
	Jinjiang	隻
	Yongchun	隻
	Zhangzhou	隻
	Penang(Hokkien)	隻
	Singapore(Hokkien)	隻
	Manila(Hokkien)	隻
	Datian	頭
	Shantou	隻
	Bangkok(Teochew)	隻
	Johor Bahru(Teochew)	隻
	Leizhou	奇
	Haikou	隻
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan(Longdu, Shaxi)	個

Dialectal synonyms of匹 (“(classifier for horses)”)[map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		匹
Formal(Written Standard Chinese)		匹
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	匹,隻
	Taiwan	匹,隻
	Singapore	匹
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	匹
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai(Muping)	匹
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	匹
	Wanrong	匹
	Xi'an	匹
	Xining	匹
	Xuzhou	匹
Lanyin Mandarin	Ürümqi	匹
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	匹
	Wuhan	匹
	Guiyang	匹
	Liuzhou	匹
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	匹
	Yangzhou	匹
	Hefei	匹
Cantonese	Guangzhou	匹,隻
	Hong Kong	匹,隻
	Hong Kong(San Tin; Weitou)	匹
	Hong Kong(Kam Tin; Weitou)	匹
	Hong Kong(Ting Kok)	條
	Hong Kong(Tung Ping Chau)	條
	Macau	隻
	Guangzhou(Panyu)	隻
	Guangzhou(Huashan, Huadu)	隻
	Guangzhou(Conghua)	隻
	Guangzhou(Zengcheng)	條,匹
	Foshan	隻
	Foshan(Shatou, Nanhai)	隻
	Foshan(Shunde)	隻
	Foshan(Sanshui)	隻
	Foshan(Mingcheng, Gaoming)	匹
	Zhongshan(Shiqi)	隻
	Zhuhai(Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	隻
	Zhuhai(Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	隻
	Zhuhai(Doumen)	匹,個
	Jiangmen(Baisha)	隻
	Jiangmen(Xinhui)	個
	Taishan	個
	Kaiping(Chikan)	個
	Enping(Niujiang)	個
	Heshan(Yayao)	隻
	Dongguan	隻
	Shenzhen(Shajing, Bao'an)	隻
	Yangjiang	匹
	Kuala Lumpur(Guangfu)	匹
Gan	Nanchang	隻
	Lichuan	隻
	Pingxiang	匹
Hakka	Meixian	條
	Huizhou(Huicheng; Bendihua)	條
	Dongguan(Qingxi)	條
	Shenzhen(Shatoujiao)	條
	Zhongshan(Nanlang Heshui)	條
	Guangzhou(Lütian, Conghua)	條,匹
	Yudu	匹
	Hong Kong	隻
	Senai(Huiyang)	條
	Singkawang	條
Jin	Taiyuan	匹
Jin	Xinzhou	匹
Northern Min	Jian'ou	頭,匹
	Songxi	頭
	Zhenghe	頭
	Jianyang	頭
	Wuyishan	頭
	Pucheng(Shibei)	條
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	頭,匹
	Fuzhou(Changle)	頭
	Fuqing	頭
	Yongtai	頭
	Gutian	頭
	Fu'an	頭
	Ningde	頭
	Shouning	頭
	Zhouning	頭
	Fuding	頭
Southern Min	Xiamen	隻
	Xiamen(Tong'an)	隻
	Quanzhou	隻
	Jinjiang	隻
	Yongchun	隻
	Tainan	匹
	Singapore(Hokkien)	隻
	Manila(Hokkien)	隻
	Datian	頭
	Chaozhou	隻
	Shantou	隻
	Shantou(Chenghai)	隻
	Haifeng	隻
	Bangkok(Teochew)	隻,匹
	Johor Bahru(Teochew)	隻
Puxian Min	Putian	頭
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan(Longdu, Shaxi)	匹
Southern Pinghua	Nanning(Tingzi)	匹
Wu	Shanghai	匹
	Suzhou	隻
	Danyang	匹
	Ningbo	匹
	Wenzhou	頭
	Jinhua	匹
Xiang	Changsha	匹,隻
	Loudi	匹
	Shuangfeng	隻

Dialectal synonyms of隻 (“(classifier for chickens)”)[map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal(Written Standard Chinese)		隻
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	隻
	Taiwan	隻
	Singapore	隻
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	隻
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai(Muping)	隻
Central Plains Mandarin	Wanrong	隻
	Xi'an	隻,個
	Xining	隻
	Xuzhou	隻
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	隻
Lanyin Mandarin	Lanzhou	隻
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	隻,個
	Wuhan	隻
	Guiyang	個
	Guilin	隻
	Liuzhou	隻
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	隻
	Yangzhou	隻
	Hefei	隻
Cantonese	Guangzhou	隻
	Hong Kong	隻
	Hong Kong(San Tin; Weitou)	隻
	Hong Kong(Kam Tin; Weitou)	隻
	Hong Kong(Ting Kok)	隻
	Hong Kong(Tung Ping Chau)	隻
	Macau	隻
	Guangzhou(Panyu)	隻
	Guangzhou(Huashan, Huadu)	隻
	Guangzhou(Conghua)	隻
	Guangzhou(Zengcheng)	個
	Foshan	隻
	Foshan(Shatou, Nanhai)	隻
	Foshan(Shunde)	隻
	Foshan(Sanshui)	隻
	Foshan(Mingcheng, Gaoming)	隻
	Zhongshan(Shiqi)	隻
	Zhuhai(Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	隻
	Zhuhai(Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	隻
	Zhuhai(Doumen)	隻
	Jiangmen(Baisha)	隻
	Jiangmen(Xinhui)	個
	Taishan	隻
	Kaiping(Chikan)	個
	Enping(Niujiang)	個
	Heshan(Yayao)	隻
	Dongguan	隻
	Shenzhen(Shajing, Bao'an)	隻
	Yangjiang	個
	Kuala Lumpur(Guangfu)	隻
	Singapore(Guangfu)	隻
Gan	Nanchang	隻
	Lichuan	隻
	Pingxiang	隻
Hakka	Meixian	隻
	Huizhou(Huicheng; Bendihua)	隻
	Dongguan(Qingxi)	隻
	Shenzhen(Shatoujiao)	隻
	Zhongshan(Nanlang Heshui)	隻
	Heyuan(Bendihua)	隻
	Wengyuan	隻
	Liannan	隻
	Guangzhou(Lütian, Conghua)	隻
	Jiexi	隻
	Zhao'an(Xiuzhuan)	隻
	Changting	隻
	Wuping(Yanqian)	隻
	Ninghua	隻
	Yudu	隻
	Ningdu	隻
	Tonggu(Sandu)	隻
	Ganzhou(Panlong)	隻
	Taoyuan	隻
	Miaoli(N. Sixian)	隻
	Pingtung(Neipu; S. Sixian)	隻
	Hsinchu County(Zhudong; Hailu)	隻
	Taichung(Dongshi; Dabu)	隻
	Hsinchu County(Qionglin; Raoping)	隻
	Yunlin(Lunbei; Zhao'an)	隻
	Hong Kong	隻
	Yangxi(Tangkou)	隻
	Yangchun(Sanjia)	隻
	Xinyi(Sihe)	隻
	Xinyi(Qianpai)	隻
	Gaozhou(Xindong)	隻
	Maoming(Shalang, Dianbai)	隻
	Huazhou(Xin'an)	隻
	Lianjiang(Shijiao)	隻
	Lianjiang(Qingping)	隻
	Mengshan(Xihe)	隻
	Luchuan	隻
	Senai(Huiyang)	隻
Huizhou	Jixi	隻
	Shexian	隻
	Huangshan(Tunxi)	隻
	Xiuning	隻
	Yixian	隻
	Qimen	隻
	Wuyuan	隻
Jin	Taiyuan	隻
Jin	Xinzhou	個
Northern Min	Jian'ou	頭,隻
	Jian'ou(Dikou)	頭
	Zhenghe(Zhenqian)	隻
	Pucheng(Shibei)	隻
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	頭
Southern Min	Xiamen	隻
	Quanzhou	隻
	Jinjiang	隻
	Zhangzhou	隻
	Taipei	隻
	New Taipei(Sanxia)	隻
	Kaohsiung	隻
	Kinmen	隻
	Penghu(Magong)	隻
	Penang(Hokkien)	隻
	Singapore(Hokkien)	隻
	Manila(Hokkien)	隻
	Zhangping	個
	Datian	個
	Chaozhou	隻
	Haifeng	隻
	Bangkok(Teochew)	隻
	Johor Bahru(Teochew)	隻
	Singapore(Teochew)	隻
	Leizhou	隻
	Haikou	隻
	Singapore(Hainanese)	隻
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan(Longdu, Shaxi)	個
Southern Pinghua	Nanning(Tingzi)	隻
Wu	Shanghai	隻
	Suzhou	隻
	Danyang	隻
	Hangzhou	隻
	Wenzhou	個
	Jinhua	隻
Xiang	Changsha	隻
	Loudi	隻
	Shuangfeng	隻

Dialectal synonyms of條 (“(classifier for fish)”)[map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal(Written Standard Chinese)		條,尾
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	條
	Taiwan	條,尾
	Chengde	條
	Ulanhot	條
	Tongliao	條
	Chifeng	條
	Hulunbuir(Hailar)	條
	Heihe	條
	Qiqihar	條
	Harbin	條
	Jiamusi	條
	Baicheng	條
	Changchun	條
	Tonghua	條
	Shenyang	條
	Jinzhou	條
	Malaysia	條
	Singapore	條
Jilu Mandarin	Tianjin	條
	Tangshan	條
	Cangzhou	條
	Baoding	條
	Shijiazhuang	條
	Lijin	條
	Jinan	條
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Dalian	條
	Dandong	條
	Yantai	條
	Qingdao	條
Central Plains Mandarin	Lingbao	條
	Jining	條
	Wanrong	條
	Linfen	條
	Shangqiu	條
	Yuanyang	條
	Zhengzhou	條
	Xinyang	條
	Baihe	條
	Xi'an	條
	Baoji	條
	Tianshui	條
	Xining	條
	Xuzhou	條
	Fuyang	條
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	條
	Bayanhot	條
	Lanzhou	條
	Dunhuang	條
	Hami	條
	Ürümqi	條
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	條,根
	Nanchong	條
	Dazhou	條
	Hanyuan	條
	Xichang	條
	Zigong	條
	Chongqing	條
	Wuhan	條
	Yichang	條
	Xiangyang	條
	Tianmen	條
	Guiyang	條
	Zunyi	條
	Bijie	尾
	Liping	塊
	Zhaotong	條,尾
	Dali	條,尾
	Kunming	條,尾
	Mengzi	尾
	Guilin	條
	Liuzhou	條
	Jishou	條
	Changde	條
	Hanzhong	條
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	條
	Yangzhou	條
	Lianyungang	條
	Lianshui	條
	Nantong	條
	Anqing	條
	Wuhu	條
	Hefei	條
	Hong'an	條
Cantonese	Guangzhou	條,蔸
	Hong Kong	條
	Hong Kong(San Tin; Weitou)	條
	Hong Kong(Kam Tin; Weitou)	條
	Hong Kong(Ting Kok)	條
	Hong Kong(Tung Ping Chau)	條
	Macau	條
	Guangzhou(Panyu)	條
	Guangzhou(Huashan, Huadu)	條
	Guangzhou(Conghua)	條
	Guangzhou(Zengcheng)	條
	Foshan	條
	Foshan(Shatou, Nanhai)	條
	Foshan(Shunde)	條
	Foshan(Sanshui)	條
	Foshan(Mingcheng, Gaoming)	條
	Zhongshan(Shiqi)	條
	Zhuhai(Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	條
	Zhuhai(Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	條
	Zhuhai(Doumen)	條
	Jiangmen(Baisha)	條
	Jiangmen(Xinhui)	條
	Taishan	條
	Kaiping(Chikan)	條
	Enping(Niujiang)	條
	Heshan(Yayao)	條
	Dongguan	條
	Shenzhen(Shajing, Bao'an)	條
	Yangjiang	條
	Danzhou	頭
	Sanya(Yanglan; Maihua)	隻
	Kuala Lumpur(Guangfu)	條
Gan	Nanchang	隻
	Lichuan	條
	Pingxiang	隻
Hakka	Meixian	條
	Huizhou(Huicheng; Bendihua)	條
	Dongguan(Qingxi)	條
	Shenzhen(Shatoujiao)	條
	Zhongshan(Nanlang Heshui)	條
	Heyuan(Bendihua)	條
	Wengyuan	條
	Liannan	條
	Guangzhou(Lütian, Conghua)	條
	Jiexi	條
	Zhao'an(Xiuzhuan)	尾
	Changting	隻
	Wuping(Yanqian)	隻
	Ninghua	枚
	Yudu	隻
	Ningdu	隻
	Shangyou(Shexi)	隻
	Tonggu(Sandu)	條
	Ganzhou(Panlong)	隻
	Dayu	隻
	Miaoli(N. Sixian)	尾
	Pingtung(Neipu; S. Sixian)	尾
	Hsinchu County(Zhudong; Hailu)	尾
	Taichung(Dongshi; Dabu)	尾
	Hsinchu County(Qionglin; Raoping)	尾
	Yunlin(Lunbei; Zhao'an)	尾
	Hong Kong	條
	Mengshan(Xihe)	條
	Luchuan	條
	Senai(Huiyang)	條
Huizhou	Jixi	條,隻
Huizhou	Shexian	條
Jin	Taiyuan	條
	Yangyuan	條
	Datong	條
	Xinzhou	條
	Lüliang(Lishi)	條
	Changzhi	條
	Taibus(Baochang)	條
	Linhe	條
	Jining	條
	Hohhot	條
	Baotou	條
	Dongsheng	條
	Haibowan	條
	Erenhot	條
	Pingshan	條
	Zhangjiakou	條
	Handan	條
	Linzhou	條
	Suide	條
Northern Min	Jian'ou	頭,條
	Jian'ou(Dikou)	頭
	Songxi	尾
	Zhenghe	尾
	Zhenghe(Zhenqian)	枚
	Jianyang	擺
	Wuyishan	頭
	Pucheng(Shibei)	行,枚
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	頭
	Fuzhou(Changle)	頭
	Fuqing	尾
	Yongtai	頭
	Gutian	頭
	Fu'an	頭
	Ningde	頭
	Shouning	尾
	Zhouning	頭
	Fuding	尾
Southern Min	Xiamen	尾
	Xiamen(Tong'an)	尾
	Quanzhou	尾
	Jinjiang	尾
	Yongchun	尾
	Zhangzhou	尾
	Zhangpu	尾
	Kaohsiung	尾
	Yilan	尾
	Changhua(Lukang)	尾
	Taichung	尾
	Taichung(Wuqi)	尾
	Tainan	尾
	Taitung	尾
	Hsinchu	尾
	Penghu(Magong)	尾
	Penang(Hokkien)	尾,隻
	Singapore(Hokkien)	尾
	Manila(Hokkien)	尾,隻
	Datian	尾
	Pingnan(Shangdu)	尾
	Chaozhou	尾
	Shantou	尾
	Shantou(Chenghai)	尾
	Jieyang	尾
	Haifeng	尾
	Bangkok(Teochew)	尾
	Johor Bahru(Teochew)	尾
	Pontianak(Teochew)	條
	Leizhou	條
	Wenchang	個
	Haikou	隻
	Qionghai	隻
Puxian Min	Putian	尾,頭
	Putian(Donghai, Chengxiang)	尾
	Putian(Jiangkou, Hanjiang)	尾
	Putian(Nanri, Xiuyu)	尾
	Xianyou	尾
	Xianyou(Fengting)	尾
	Xianyou(Youyang)	尾
Central Min	Yong'an	尾
Shaojiang Min	Shaowu	條,行
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan(Longdu, Shaxi)	條
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan(Sanxiang)	條
Southern Pinghua	Nanning(Tingzi)	條
Wu	Shanghai	條
	Shanghai(Jiading)	條
	Shanghai(Chongming)	條
	Suzhou	條
	Wenzhou	頭,條
Xiang	Changsha	條,隻
Xiang	Shuangfeng	條,隻

Dialectal synonyms of朵 (“(classifier for flowers)”)[map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal(Written Standard Chinese)		朵
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	朵,朵兒
	Taiwan	朵
	Ulanhot	朵
	Tongliao	朵
	Chifeng	朵
	Hulunbuir(Hailar)	朵
	Singapore	朵
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	朵
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai(Muping)	朵兒
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	朵兒
	Wanrong	朵
	Xi'an	朵
	Xining	朵
	Xuzhou	朵,朵子,朵兒
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	朵
	Bayanhot	朵
	Lanzhou	朵
	Ürümqi	朵
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	朵
	Wuhan	朵
	Guiyang	朵
	Guilin	朵
	Liuzhou	朵
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	朵
	Yangzhou	朵
	Hefei	朵
Cantonese	Guangzhou	朵
	Hong Kong	朵
	Hong Kong(San Tin; Weitou)	朵
	Hong Kong(Kam Tin; Weitou)	朵
	Hong Kong(Ting Kok)	朵
	Hong Kong(Tung Ping Chau)	朵
	Macau	朵
	Guangzhou(Panyu)	朵
	Guangzhou(Huashan, Huadu)	朵
	Guangzhou(Conghua)	朵
	Guangzhou(Zengcheng)	頂
	Foshan	朵
	Foshan(Shatou, Nanhai)	朵
	Foshan(Shunde)	朵
	Foshan(Sanshui)	朵
	Foshan(Mingcheng, Gaoming)	朵
	Zhongshan(Shiqi)	朵
	Zhuhai(Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	朵
	Zhuhai(Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	朵
	Zhuhai(Doumen)	朵
	Jiangmen(Baisha)	朵
	Jiangmen(Xinhui)	朵
	Taishan	朵
	Kaiping(Chikan)	督
	Enping(Niujiang)	朵
	Heshan(Yayao)	朵
	Dongguan	頂
	Shenzhen(Shajing, Bao'an)	頂
	Yangjiang	朵
	Kuala Lumpur(Guangfu)	朵
Gan	Nanchang	朵
	Lichuan	雕
	Pingxiang	朵
Hakka	Meixian	朵
	Huizhou(Huicheng; Bendihua)	朵
	Dongguan(Qingxi)	頂
	Shenzhen(Shatoujiao)	朵
	Zhongshan(Nanlang Heshui)	朵
	Heyuan(Bendihua)	朵
	Liannan	朵
	Guangzhou(Lütian, Conghua)	朵
	Jiexi	枝
	Changting	朵
	Ninghua	朵
	Yudu	朵
	Miaoli(N. Sixian)	蕊
	Pingtung(Neipu; S. Sixian)	蕊
	Hsinchu County(Zhudong; Hailu)	蕊
	Taichung(Dongshi; Dabu)	蕊
	Hsinchu County(Qionglin; Raoping)	蕊
	Yunlin(Lunbei; Zhao'an)	蕊
	Hong Kong	朵
	Luchuan	朵
	Senai(Huiyang)	朵
Huizhou	Jixi	朵
Jin	Taiyuan	朵
	Xinzhou	朵
	Taibus(Baochang)	朵
	Linhe	朵
	Jining	朵
	Hohhot	朵
	Baotou	朵
	Dongsheng	朵
	Haibowan	朵
Northern Min	Jian'ou	頭
	Songxi	頭
	Zhenghe	頭
	Jianyang	頭
	Wuyishan	朵
	Pucheng(Shibei)	頭
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	菩
	Fuzhou(Changle)	菩
	Fuqing	菩
	Yongtai	菩
	Gutian	菩,朵
	Fu'an	菩
	Ningde	菩
	Shouning	菩
	Zhouning	菩,蓬
	Fuding	菩
	Matsu	菩
Southern Min	Xiamen	蕊,葩
	Quanzhou	蕊,葩
	Jinjiang	蕊
	Yongchun	蕊
	Dehua	蕊
	Zhangzhou	蕊
	Taipei(Wanhua)	蕊
	New Taipei(Sanxia)	蕊
	Kaohsiung	蕊
	Yilan	蕊
	Changhua(Lukang)	蕊
	Taichung	蕊
	Taichung(Wuqi)	蕊
	Tainan	蕊
	Taitung	蕊
	Hsinchu	蕊
	Kinmen	蕊
	Penghu(Magong)	蕊
	Manila(Hokkien)	蕊
	Longyan	葩
	Zhangping(Yongfu)	葩
	Datian	菩
	Pingnan(Shangdu)	蕊
	Chaozhou	蕊
	Jieyang	葩
	Haifeng	葩
	Johor Bahru(Teochew)	蕊
	Wenchang	葩
Puxian Min	Putian	菩
	Putian(Donghai, Chengxiang)	菩
	Putian(Jiangkou, Hanjiang)	菩
	Putian(Nanri, Xiuyu)	菩
	Xianyou	菩
	Xianyou(Fengting)	菩
	Xianyou(Youyang)	菩
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan(Longdu, Shaxi)	朵
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan(Sanxiang)	條
Southern Pinghua	Nanning(Tingzi)	朵
Wu	Shanghai	朵
	Shanghai(Chongming)	朵
	Suzhou	朵
	Danyang	朵
	Hangzhou	朵
	Ningbo	朵
	Wenzhou	朵
	Jinhua	朵
Xiang	Changsha	朵
	Loudi	爪
	Shuangfeng	爪

(chief):

edit

大佬(dàlǎo)
波士(bo¹ si^6-2,“boss”)(Cantonese)
王(wáng)
老大(lǎodà)
老頂 /老顶(lou⁵ ding²)(Cantonese)
阿head(aa³ het¹)(Cantonese)
阿大(ādà)
阿頭 /阿头(aa³ tau^4-2)(Cantonese)
領導 /领导(lǐngdǎo)
領導人 /领导人(lǐngdǎorén)
領導者 /领导者(lǐngdǎozhě)
領袖 /领袖(lǐngxiù)
領頭 /领头(lǐngtóu)(literary)
頭仔 /头仔(Hakka)
頭兒 /头儿(tóur)(colloquial)
頭子 /头子(tóuzi)(colloquial, pejorative)
頭手 /头手(Hokkien)
頭目 /头目(tóumù)
頭頭 /头头(tóutou)(colloquial)
首腦 /首脑(shǒunǎo)
首要(shǒuyào)
首領 /首领(shǒulǐng)
龍頭 /龙头(lóngtóu)

Pronunciation 2

[edit]

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin):tou (tou⁵／tou⁰)
(Zhuyin):˙ㄊㄡ
(Chengdu,Sichuanese Pinyin):tou²
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong,Jyutping):tau⁴ /tau^4-2
(Taishan,Wiktionary):heu³ / heu⁴
Gan(Wiktionary):teu / teu²
Hakka
(Sixian,PFS):thèu
(Hailu,HRS):teu
(Meixian,Guangdong):têu²
Jin(Wiktionary):tou²
Northern Min(KCR):tê
Eastern Min(BUC):tàu
Puxian Min(Pouseng Ping'ing):tao² / tieo²
Southern Min
(Hokkien,POJ):thâu /thô͘ /thiô /thô
(Teochew,Peng'im):tao⁵
Wu(Shanghai,Wugniu):⁶deu
Xiang(Changsha,Wiktionary):dou

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin:tou
  - Zhuyin:˙ㄊㄡ
  - Tongyong Pinyin:to̊u
  - Wade–Giles:tʻou⁵
  - Yale:tou
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh:.tou
  - Palladius:тоу(tou)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/tʰoʊ̯/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin:tou²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz:tou
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/tʰəu²¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese,Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping:tau⁴ / tau^4-2
  - Yale:tàuh / táu
  - Cantonese Pinyin:tau⁴ / tau^4-2
  - Guangdong Romanization:teo⁴ / teo^4-2
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/tʰɐu̯²¹/, /tʰɐu̯²¹⁻³⁵/
- (Taishanese,Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary:heu³ / heu⁴
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/heu²²/, /heu²¹/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary:teu / teu²
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/tʰɛu/, /tʰɛu²⁴/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl.Miaoli andNeipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ:thèu
  - Hakka Romanization System:teu^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim:teu²
  - SinologicalIPA:/tʰeu̯¹¹/
- (Hailu, incl.Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System:teu
  - SinologicalIPA:/tʰeu⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong:têu²
  - SinologicalIPA:/tʰeu¹¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary:tou²
  - SinologicalIPA (old-style):/tʰəu⁵³/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized:tê
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/tʰe³³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê:tàu
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/tʰau⁵³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing:tao²
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍:táu
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/tʰau¹³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing:tao²
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/tʰau²⁴/
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing:tieo²
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍:tá̤u
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/tʰieu¹³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing:tieo²
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/tʰieu²⁴/

Note:

tao2 - vernacular;
tieo2 - literary.

Southern Min
- (Hokkien:Xiamen,Quanzhou,Zhangzhou,Taipei,Kaohsiung,Tainan,Taichung,Hsinchu,Lukang,Sanxia,Yilan,Kinmen,Magong,Penang,Singapore)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:thâu
  - Tâi-lô:thâu
  - Phofsit Daibuun:taau
  - SinologicalIPA (Xiamen,Quanzhou,Taipei,Tainan,Lukang,Yilan,Kinmen,Singapore):/tʰau²⁴/
  - SinologicalIPA (Zhangzhou):/tʰau¹³/
  - SinologicalIPA (Kaohsiung,Penang):/tʰau²³/
- (Hokkien:Xiamen,Zhangzhou,Yilan,Kinmen,Magong)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:thô͘
  - Tâi-lô:thôo
  - Phofsit Daibuun:too
  - SinologicalIPA (Xiamen,Yilan,Kinmen):/tʰɔ²⁴/
  - SinologicalIPA (Zhangzhou):/tʰɔ¹³/
- (Hokkien:Quanzhou,Taipei,Kaohsiung,Tainan,Lukang,Sanxia,Hsinchu)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:thiô
  - Tâi-lô:thiô
  - Phofsit Daibuun:tiooi
  - SinologicalIPA (Quanzhou,Taipei,Lukang):/tʰio²⁴/
  - SinologicalIPA (Kaohsiung):/tʰiɤ²³/
  - SinologicalIPA (Tainan):/tʰiɤ²⁴/
- (Hokkien:Taipei,Kaohsiung,Tainan,Lukang,Sanxia,Yilan,Taichung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:thô
  - Tâi-lô:thô
  - Phofsit Daibuun:tooi
  - SinologicalIPA (Kaohsiung):/tʰɤ²³/
  - SinologicalIPA (Taipei,Lukang,Yilan):/tʰo²⁴/
  - SinologicalIPA (Tainan):/tʰɤ²⁴/

Note:

thâu - vernacular;
thô͘/thiô - literary;
thô - only used in饅頭.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im:tao⁵
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like:thâu
- SinologicalIPA^(key):/tʰau⁵⁵/

Wu
- (Northern:Shanghai)
  - Wugniu:⁶deu
  - MiniDict:deu^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai):³deu
  - SinologicalIPA (Shanghai):/dɤ²³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary:dou
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/təu̯/

Middle Chinese:duw

Rime
Character	頭
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	侯 (137)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	度侯切
Baxter	duw
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/dəu/
Pan Wuyun	/dəu/
Shao Rongfen	/dəu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/dəw/
Li Rong	/du/
Wang Li	/dəu/
Bernhard Karlgren	/dʱə̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tóu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	tau⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart):/*[m-t]ˤo/
(Zhengzhang):/*doː/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	頭
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	tóu
Middle Chinese	‹ duw ›
Old Chinese	/*[m-t]ˁo/
English	head
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	頭
Reading #	1/1
No.	2465
Phonetic component	豆
Rime group	侯
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	頭
Old Chinese	/*doː/

Definitions

[edit]

頭

Suffix that forms nouns.
1. Added to a noun.
  罐頭／罐头 ― guàntou ― can; tin
  石頭／石头 ― shítou ― rock
2. Added to a locative word.
  裡頭／里头 ― lǐtou ― inside
  前頭／前头 ― qiántou ― front
3. Added to a verb to form an abstract noun.
  念頭／念头 ― niàntou ― thought; idea
  电影的看頭兒／电影的看头儿 ― diànyǐngr de kàntour ― thing(s) to watch in a movie
  活頭兒／活头儿 ― huótour ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
4. Added to an adjective to form an abstract noun.
  甜頭／甜头 ― tiántou ― sweet taste; benefit

Compounds

[edit]

Descendants

[edit]

Sino-Xenic (頭):

→ Japanese:頭(ず)(zu);頭(とう)(tō)
→ Korean:두(頭)(du)
→ Vietnamese:đầu(頭)

Others:

→? Proto-Tai:*truǝᴬ(“head”)
- Ahom:𑜑𑜥(hū),𑜍𑜥(rū),𑜍𑜤𑜈𑜫(ruw)
- Lao:ຫົວ(hūa)
- Lü:ᦷᦠ(ḣo)
- Northern Thai:ᩉ᩠ᩅᩫ
- Shan:ႁူဝ်(hǒ)
- Tai Dam:ꪬꪺ
- Thai:หัว(hǔua)
- Zhuang:hu
→ Proto-Tai:
- Ahom:𑜄𑜥(tū),𑜄𑜤(tu)
- Bouyei:duez
- Lao:ໂຕ(tō),ຕົວ(tūa)
- Lü:ᦷᦎ(ṫo)
- Northern Thai:ᨲᩫ᩠ᩅ
- Saek:ทั๊ว
- Shan:တူဝ်(tǒ)
- Tai Dam:ꪶꪔ
- Thai:ตัว(dtuua)
- Zhuang:duz

References

[edit]

“頭”, in漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[12],香港中文大學 (theChinese University of Hong Kong),2014–
Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A04555

Japanese

[edit]

Kanji

[edit]

See also:

Category:Japanese terms spelled with 頭

頭

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)

head
counter for largeanimals

Readings

[edit]

Go-on:ず(zu,Jōyō)^{←づ(du,historical)}
Kan-on:とう(tō,Jōyō)^{←とう(tou,historical)}
Tō-on:じゅう(jū)^{←ぢゆう(dyuu,historical)}
Kan’yō-on:と(to,Jōyō^†)
Kun:あたま(atama,頭,Jōyō)、かしら(kashira,頭,Jōyō)、かぶり(kaburi,頭)、こうべ(kōbe,頭)^{←かうべ(kaube,頭,historical)}、かみ(kami,頭)、ほとり(hotori,頭)
Nanori:かぶ(kabu)、かぶし(kabushi)、かみ(kami)、ちゃん(chan)、つぶり(tsuburi)、つむ(tsumu)、つむり(tsumuri)、づ(zu)、どたま(dotama)

Compounds

[edit]

Compounds

頭(とう)蓋(がい)骨(こつ)(tōgaikotsu,“skull,cranium”)
頭(とう)角(かく)(tōkaku,“distinguishing oneself”)
頭(ず)脳(のう)(zunō,“brain (intellect)”)
若(わか)頭(がしら)(wakagashira,“underboss”)
頭(とう)領(りょう)(tōryō,“head,chief”)
饅(まん)頭(じゅう)(manjū,“manjū”,a type of bun typically with bean paste filling)
頭(ふ)垢(け)(fuke,“dandruff”)
頭(ず)痛(つう)(zutsū,“headache”)

Etymology 1

[edit]

Kanji in this term
頭
あたま Grade: 2
kun'yomi

JapaneseWikipedia has an article on:

頭

Wikipedia^ja

EnglishWikipedia has an article on:

Head

Wikipedia

Probably fromOld Japanese. First cited in the ten-volumeWamyō Ruijushō of 934CE.^[1]

Unknown derivation. Theories include:

Compound of天(あ)(a,“heaven,sky”) +玉(たま)(tama,“ball”). This is problematic phonetically, as天 appears historically asama orame, not as justa.
Compound of当(あ)て(ate,“putting something incontact”,連(れん)用(よう)形(けい)(ren'yōkei,“stem orcontinuative form”) of the verb当(あ)てる(ateru,“tohit”)) +間(ま)(ma,“space,gap”), referring to the head as amoxibustion point. This is also problematic phonetically, as the shift fromate toata necessitates a change in meaning of the underlying verb. This is also problematic semantically, as the term間(ま)(ma) term refers more specifically to agap orspace.
Compound of貴(あて)(ate,“noble”) +間(ま)(ma,“space”), referring to the most important part of the body. However, the use of間(ま)(ma) in this way is again problematic. Moreover,貴(あて)(ate,“noble”) appears inThe Tale of the Bamboo Cutter dating to the 900s CE, while頭(あたま)(atama) with a sense offontanelle appears in theWamyō Ruijushō dated 938 CE, leaving insufficient time for either the semantic or phonetic drift required.^[1]^[2]

Historically, this term first appears with a sense offontanelle, in reference to the soft place on the top of an infant's head where the bones of the skull have not yet fused. As such, a more likely derivation might be as a compound of当(あ)た(ata,“not quite touching,not quite incontact”,未(み)然(ぜん)形(けい)(mizenkei,“irrealis form”) of classical verb当(あ)つ(atsu) and root of modern当(あ)たる(ataru,“totouch, to come intocontact”)) +間(ま)(ma,“space,gap,opening”).

Pronunciation

[edit]

(Tokyo)あたま[àtámáꜜ] (Odaka – [3])^[2]^[4]^[3]
(Tokyo)あたま[àtáꜜmà] (Nakadaka – [2])^[2]^[4]
IPA^(key): [a̠ta̠ma̠]

(Kyōto)あたま [áꜜtàmà] (Kōki)^[3]

Historical evolution of the Kyoto pitch accent

(the Heian period) LLL

※ H for high and flat syllables (◌́), L for low and flat syllables (◌̀), F for high-to-low syllables (◌̂), R for low-to-high syllables (◌̌).
※ References:^[3]

Noun

[edit]

頭(あたま)• (atama)

head (body part)
Synonym:(dialectal, Kagoshima)びんた
頭(あたま)が痛(いた)い。
Atama ga itai.
Myhead hurts.
(anatomy, archaic, possibly obsolete) thefontanelle part of the skull

Idioms

[edit]

Idioms

頭(あたま)が良(い)い(atama ga ii):bright,intelligent
頭(あたま)が悪(わる)い(atama ga warui):stupid,intellectually challenged
頭(あたま)が固(かた)い(atama ga katai)
頭(あたま)に来(く)る(atama ni kuru)
頭(あたま)が切(き)れる(atama ga kireru)
頭(あたま)に浮(う)かぶ(atama ni ukabu)
頭(あたま)に入(い)れる(atama ni ireru)
頭(あたま)がおかしい(atama ga okashī)

Etymology 2

[edit]

Kanji in this term
頭
かしら Grade: 2
kun'yomi

Alternative spelling
首

FromOld Japanese.^[1] Found as a standalone noun in theMan'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE, and as a counter in theKojiki, dating to 712 CE.

Pronunciation

[edit]

(as a noun):

(Tokyo)かしら[kàshíráꜜ] (Odaka – [3])^[2]^[4]^[5]
IPA^(key): [ka̠ɕiɾa̠]

(Kyōto)かしら [káꜜshìrà] (Kōki)^[5]

Historical evolution of the Kyoto pitch accent

※ H for high and flat syllables (◌́), L for low and flat syllables (◌̀), F for high-to-low syllables (◌̂), R for low-to-high syllables (◌̌).
※ References:^[5]

Counter

[edit]

頭(かしら)• (-kashira)

ahead, as when countingpeople, orcattle or otherlivestock

Noun

[edit]

頭(かしら)• (kashira)

thehead as a whole
boss,leader
top part of aChinese character
頭,首: thehead of adoll

Derived terms

[edit]

Derived terms

年(とし)頭(がしら)(toshigashira,“oldest person”)
膝(ひざ)頭(がしら)(hizagashira,“kneecap”)
前(まえ)頭(がしら)(maegashira,rank-and-file sumo wrestler)
頭(かしら)文(も)字(じ)(kashiramoji)
出会(であ)い頭(がしら)(deaigashira)

Radical names containing 頭:

網(あみ)頭(がしら)(ami-gashira,“top 'net' radical”)
糸(いと)頭(がしら)(ito-gashira,“top 'thread' radical”)
老(おい)頭(がしら)(oi-gashira,“top 'old' radical”)
髪(かみ)頭(がしら)(kami-gashira,“top 'hair' radical”)
彑(けい)頭(がしら)(kei-gashira,“top 'pig's head' radical”)
虎(とら)頭(がしら)(tora-gashira,“top 'tiger' radical”)
冬(ふゆ)頭(がしら)(fuyu-gashira,“top 'winter' radical”)
八(はち)頭(がしら)(hachi-gashira,“top 'eight' radical”)
発(はつ)頭(がしら)(hatsu-gashira,“top 'dotted tent' radical”)
人(ひと)頭(がしら)(hito-gashira,“top 'person' radical”)

Etymology 3

[edit]

Kanji in this term
頭
かぶり Grade: 2
kun'yomi

Cognate with and shift in meaning fromかぶり(kaburi,“covering; hat, crown”), spelled in kanji as被り or冠.

Pronunciation

[edit]

(Tokyo)かぶり[kàbúrí] (Heiban – [0])^[2]^[4]
(Tokyo)かぶり[kàbúríꜜ] (Odaka – [3])^[2]^[4]^[6]
(Tokyo)かぶり[káꜜbùrì] (Atamadaka – [1])^[2]^[4]^[6]
IPA^(key): [ka̠bɯ̟ɾʲi]

(Kyōto)かぶり [kábúrí] (Kōki – [0])^[6]

Kanji in this term
頭
かぶ Grade: 2
irregular

FromOld Japanese; first attested in theKojiki (712), with the spelling加夫,^[7] in spite that theNihon Kokugo Daijiten lists the first attestation as from the late Muromachi period.^[8]

Cognate with株(かぶ)(kabu,“stump; root”), from a general sense oflump.^[7]^[1]

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA^(key): [ka̠bɯ̟]

Noun

[edit]

頭(かぶ)• (kabu)

(obsolete or Yamagata)head

Derived terms

[edit]

傾(かぶ)く(kabuku,“totilt one's head; to dress or act in a strange or eccentric way to attract one's attention; to performkabuki”)

Etymology 5

[edit]

Kanji in this term
頭
つぶり Grade: 2
irregular

Cognate with粒 (tsubu, “round thing”, such as a grain),禿ぶ (tsubu, “to go bald”, from the idea of one's head becominground),円ら (tsubura, “round”, adjective),潰れる (tsubureru, “to become rounded, as from wear and tear, or from crushing”).^[1]

Some sources^[2] derive this as a shift from円ら (tsubura, “round”, adjective). However, the phonology and semantics for this do not fit (changing/a/ to/i/, and repurposing the adjectivizing suffixら to instead form a noun). The modern verbtsubureru had the formtsuburu in older stages of the language. Thetsuburi reading for頭 may more likely represent a nominalization derived from this older verb, following normal patterns for creating nouns from verbs.

CompareOkinawan ちぶる (chiburu, “head”).

Pronunciation

[edit]

(Tokyo)つぶり[tsùbúríꜜ] (Odaka – [3])^[9]
IPA^(key): [t͡sɨbɯ̟ɾʲi]

Noun

[edit]

頭(つぶり)• (tsuburi)

head

Etymology 6

[edit]

Kanji in this term
頭
つむり Grade: 2
irregular

Fromtsuburi above. Bilabial plosive/b/ becomes bilabial nasal/m/.

Pronunciation

[edit]

(Tokyo)つむり[tsùmúríꜜ] (Odaka – [3])^[2]^[4]^[10]
IPA^(key): [t͡sɨmɯ̟ɾʲi]

(Kyōto)つむり [tsúmúrí] (Kōki – [0])^[10]

Noun

[edit]

頭(つむり)• (tsumuri)

head
hair of thehead

Etymology 7

[edit]

Kanji in this term
頭
つむ Grade: 2
irregular

Shortened fromtsumuri above.^[1]

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA^(key): [t͡sɨmɯ̟]

Noun

[edit]

頭(つむ)• (tsumu)

head

Derived terms

[edit]

御(お)頭(つむ)(otsumu,“head”,mainly used of an infant)

Etymology 8

[edit]

Kanji in this term
頭
こうべ Grade: 2
kun'yomi

Alternative spelling
首

*/kamipe/ →*/kampe/ →/kaube/ →/kɔːbe/ →/koːbe/

Compound of either上 (kami, “upper”) or髪 (kami, “hair”) (likelycognates), with either部 (be, “part, portion”) or辺・方(pe,“area; direction”).^[11]^[2]^[12]

Listed in one resource as possibly an alteration from頭 (kabu, “head”) +上 (upe, “up”, Old Japanese reading).^[1]

This reading is listed in some sources as attested in theNihon Shoki of 720.^[11] However, this is based on traditionalruby glosses of the ideogrammatic spelling, and the glosses are from younger manuscripts.

Pronunciation

[edit]

(Tokyo)こーべ[kòóbé] (Heiban – [0])^[2]^[4]^[11]
(Tokyo)こーべ[kòóbéꜜ] (Odaka – [3])^[2]^[4]^[11]
(Tokyo)こーべ[kóꜜòbè] (Atamadaka – [1])^[4]^[11]
IPA^(key): [ko̞ːbe̞]

(Kyōto)こーべ [kóꜜòbè] (Kōki)^[11]

Historical evolution of the Kyoto pitch accent

※ H for high and flat syllables (◌́), L for low and flat syllables (◌̀), F for high-to-low syllables (◌̂), R for low-to-high syllables (◌̌).
※ References:^[11]

Noun

[edit]

頭(こうべ)• (kōbe) ^{←かうべ(kaube)^?}

head
- 2021 September 10,Eve, “遊生夢死 [Live Playing, Die Dreaming]”:
  遊(ゆう)生(せい)夢(ぼう)死(し)
  才能ない脳内唱えよシスターズ
  首(こうべ)を垂れることしかないの
  Yūsei bōshi
  Sainō nai nōnai tonaeyo shisutāzu
  Kōbe o tareru koto shika nai no
  Live playing, die dreaming
  Chant inside my talentless brain, sisters
  All I can do is bow down

Derived terms

[edit]

髑(され)髏(こうべ)(sarekōbe,“skull”,used as a symbol of death)

Etymology 9

[edit]

Kanji in this term
頭
どたま Grade: 2
irregular

Contraction ofど(do-,“super-”,often used ironically as a derogatory prefix) +‎頭(atama,“head”).^[13]

Pronunciation

[edit]

(Tokyo)どたま[dòtámáꜜ] (Odaka – [3])^[2]^[13]
IPA^(key): [do̞ta̠ma̠]

Noun

[edit]

頭(どたま)• (dotama)

(derogatory)head

Usage notes

[edit]

Often spelled in hiragana, asどたま.

Etymology 10

[edit]

Kanji in this term
頭
ず Grade: 2
goon

/du/ →/d͡zu/ →/zu/

FromMiddle Chinese頭 (MC duw). Thegoon reading, so likely an earlier borrowing.

Pronunciation

[edit]

(Tokyo)ず[zù] (Heiban – [0])^[2]^[4]^[14]
IPA^(key): [d͡zɨ]

(Kyōto)ずー [zúú] (Kōki – [0])^[14]

Noun

[edit]

頭(ず)• (zu) ^{←づ(du)^?}

head

Usage notes

[edit]

This reading is more often found in compounds, such as頭痛 (zutsū, “a headache”).

Idioms

[edit]

頭(ず)が高(たか)い(zu ga takai,“haughty”)

Etymology 11

[edit]

Kanji in this term
頭
とう Grade: 2
kan'on

FromMiddle Chinese頭 (MC duw). Thekan'on reading, so likely a later borrowing. The shift from initial/d/ to voiceless/t/ is due to influence or reborrowing from a later stage of the Chinese language. Compare modernMandarin readingtóu,Cantonesetau⁴,Min Nantao⁵.

Pronunciation

[edit]

(as a noun):

(Tokyo)とー[tóꜜò] (Atamadaka – [1])^[15]
IPA^(key): [to̞ː]

(Kyōto)とー [tóꜜò] (Kōki)^[15]

Counter

[edit]

頭(とう)• (-tō)

counter for certain relatively large animals, or for livestock animals; "head"
合(あ)わせて1300(せんさんびゃく)頭(とう)余(あま)りが出(しゅっ)荷(か)され、全(ぜん)国(こく)各(かく)地(ち)に流(りゅう)通(つう)した。
Awasete sensanbyakutō amari ga shukka sare, zenkoku kakuchi ni ryūtsū shita.
Altogether over 1300head of cattle have been distributed throughout the country.
三(さん)頭(とう)の北(ホッ)極(キョク)熊(グマ)
santō no Hokkyokuguma
three polar bears
一(いっ)頭(とう)の羊(ヒツジ)
ittō no hitsuji
one sheep
counter forinsects (used only in biology)

v • d • e Japanese counter/suffix:頭 (とう,tō, "large animals")
Number	Kanji	Kana	Romaji
1	一頭	いっとう	ittō
2	二頭	にとう	nitō
3	三頭	さんとう	santō
4	四頭	よんとう	yontō
5	五頭	ごとう	gotō
6	六頭	ろくとう	rokutō
7	七頭	ななとう、しちとう	nanatō, shichitō
8	八頭	はっとう、はちとう	hattō, hachitō
9	九頭	きゅうとう	kyūtō
10	十頭	じっとう、じゅっとう	jittō, juttō
11	十一頭	じゅういっとう	jūittō
12	十二頭	じゅうにとう	jūnitō
13	十三頭	じゅうさんとう	jūsantō
20	二十頭	にじっとう、にじゅっとう	nijittō, nijuttō
21	二十一頭	にじゅういっとう	nijūittō
100	百頭	ひゃくとう	hyakutō
1,000	千頭	せんとう	sentō
10,000	一万頭	いちまんとう	ichimantō
100,000,000	一億頭	いちおくとう	ichiokutō
0	０頭、零頭	ゼロとう、れいとう	zerotō, reitō
?	何頭	なんとう	nantō

Noun

[edit]

頭(とう)• (tō)

head

Derived terms

[edit]

Derived terms

References

[edit]

↑^1.0^1.1^1.2^1.3^1.4^1.5^1.6Shōgaku Tosho (1988),国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese),Tōkyō:Shogakukan,→ISBN
↑^2.00^2.01^2.02^2.03^2.04^2.05^2.06^2.07^2.08^2.09^2.10^2.11^2.12^2.13Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006),大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition,Tokyo:Sanseidō,→ISBN
↑^3.0^3.1^3.2“あたま【頭・天窓】”, in日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎^[1] (in Japanese), 2nd edition,Tokyo:Shogakukan,2000-2002, released online 2007,→ISBN, concise edition entry availablehere
↑^4.00^4.01^4.02^4.03^4.04^4.05^4.06^4.07^4.08^4.09^4.10NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998),NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese),Tokyo:NHK Publishing, Inc.,→ISBN
↑^5.0^5.1^5.2“かしら【頭】”, in日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎^[2] (in Japanese), 2nd edition,Tokyo:Shogakukan,2000-2002, released online 2007,→ISBN, concise edition entry availablehere
↑^6.0^6.1^6.2“かぶり【頭】”, in日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎^[3] (in Japanese), 2nd edition,Tokyo:Shogakukan,2000-2002, released online 2007,→ISBN, concise edition entry availablehere
↑^7.0^7.1Omodaka, Hisataka (1967),時代別国語大辞典上代編 [The dictionary of historical Japanese: Old Japanese] (in Japanese),Tōkyō:Sanseidō,→ISBN, page212
^“かぶ【頭】”, in日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎^[4] (in Japanese), 2nd edition,Tokyo:Shogakukan,2000-2002, released online 2007,→ISBN, concise edition entry availablehere
^“つぶり【頭】”, in日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎^[5] (in Japanese), 2nd edition,Tokyo:Shogakukan,2000-2002, released online 2007,→ISBN, concise edition entry availablehere
↑^10.0^10.1“つむり【頭】”, in日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎^[6] (in Japanese), 2nd edition,Tokyo:Shogakukan,2000-2002, released online 2007,→ISBN, concise edition entry availablehere
↑^11.0^11.1^11.2^11.3^11.4^11.5^11.6“こうべ［かうべ］【首・頭】”, in日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎^[7] (in Japanese), 2nd edition,Tokyo:Shogakukan,2000-2002, released online 2007,→ISBN, concise edition entry availablehere
^“首”, inデジタル大辞泉 [Digital Daijisen]‎^[8] (in Japanese),Tōkyō:Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months
↑^13.0^13.1“ど‐たま【─頭】”, in日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎^[9] (in Japanese), 2nd edition,Tokyo:Shogakukan,2000-2002, released online 2007,→ISBN, concise edition entry availablehere
↑^14.0^14.1“ず［ヅ］【頭】”, in日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎^[10] (in Japanese), 2nd edition,Tokyo:Shogakukan,2000-2002, released online 2007,→ISBN, concise edition entry availablehere
↑^15.0^15.1“とう【頭】”, in日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎^[11] (in Japanese), 2nd edition,Tokyo:Shogakukan,2000-2002, released online 2007,→ISBN, concise edition entry availablehere

“^△頭”, in漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[13] (in Japanese),The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation,2015–2026

Korean

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

FromMiddle Chinese頭 (MC duw).

Historical readings

Recorded asMiddle Korean뚜ᇢ (Yale:ttwuw) inDongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
Recorded asMiddle Korean두(twu) (Yale:twu) inHunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Pronunciation

[edit]

(SK Standard/Seoul)IPA^(key):[tu]
Phonetic hangul:[두]

Hanja

[edit]

KoreanWikisource has texts containing thehanja:

頭

頭 (eumhun머리 두(meori du))

Hanja form^? of두 (“head”).

Compounds

[edit]

Compounds

두뇌 (頭腦,dunoe)
몰두 (沒頭,moldu)
염두 (念頭,yeomdu)
화두 (話頭,hwadu)
화두 (火頭,hwadu)

References

[edit]

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary,전자사전／電子字典.[14]

Northern Amami Ōshima

[edit]

Kanji

[edit]

頭

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)

Etymology

[edit]

Cognate with mainlandJapanese 頭 (tsuburi), dialectal頭 (tsuburo), itself probably a compound of粒 (tsubu, “round thing, such as a grain”) +ろ (ro, suffix indicating a state or condition).