| phonetic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad.(震旦) | 震 | 旦 | |
| simp.#(震旦) | 震 | 旦 | |
| alternative forms | 震丹 真丹 真旦 振旦 神丹 | ||
First attested in the 3rd–4th centuriesCE.
Borrowed fromSanskritचीनस्थान(cīnasthāna), or a name etymologically related; compareSogdian[script needed](cynstʾn/*čīnastan/),Persianچینستان,ArmenianՉինաստան(Čʻinastan),Ancient GreekΤζίνιστα(Tzínista).
Folk etymology interprets the this word orthographically, as a compound of震 (zhèn, “one of the EightTrigrams; the East”) +旦 (dàn, “dawn; the direction of sunrise”), in reference to China's eastward position relative to India. For example, the Buddhist reference workCollection of Meanings and Terms in Translation (翻譯名義集)[12th centuryCE] has the following passage on the origin of this term:
More discussion on the etymology ofZhèndàn can be found inNotes on Marco Polo (Vol. 1).
edit 震旦震蛋 振旦 |
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 震 | 旦 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 章 (23) | 端 (5) |
| Final (韻) | 眞 (43) | 寒 (61) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | I |
| Fanqie | 章刃切 | 得按切 |
| Baxter | tsyinH | tanH |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡ɕiɪnH/ | /tɑnH/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡ɕinH/ | /tɑnH/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡ɕjenH/ | /tɑnH/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /cinH/ | /tanH/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡ɕiĕnH/ | /tɑnH/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡ɕĭĕnH/ | /tɑnH/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /t͡ɕi̯ĕnH/ | /tɑnH/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zhèn | dàn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zan3 | daan3 |
震旦
“支那” in佛學大辭典 [A Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms].