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雀 (Kangxi radical 172,隹+3, 11 strokes,cangjie input火人土 (FOG),four-corner90214,composition⿱小隹)
| simp. andtrad. | 雀 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | 䲵 | |
| Historical forms of the character雀 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Shang | Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled inHan) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script |
 |  |  |  |
Ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): 小(“small”) + 隹(“bird”) – a small bird, a sparrow.
In the current form, the upper part looks like少, but what looks like the bottom stroke of少 is actually the upper left stroke of隹, extended.
(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)
| Variety | Location | 雀 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡ɕʰyɛ⁵¹/ /t͡ɕʰiɑu²¹⁴/ |
| Harbin | /t͡ɕʰiau²¹³/ /t͡ɕʰyɛ⁵³/ | |
| Tianjin | /t͡ɕʰiɑu²¹/ | |
| Jinan | /t͡ɕʰyə²¹³/ | |
| Qingdao | /t͡sʰyə⁵⁵/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /t͡sʰyo²⁴/ | |
| Xi'an | /t͡ɕʰiau⁵³/ | |
| Xining | /t͡ɕʰiɔ⁵³/ | |
| Yinchuan | /t͡ɕʰiɔ⁵³/ /t͡ɕʰye¹³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /t͡ɕʰyə¹³/ /t͡ɕʰiɔ⁴⁴²/ | |
| Ürümqi | /t͡ɕʰyɤ⁵¹/ | |
| Wuhan | /t͡ɕʰio²¹³/ | |
| Chengdu | /t͡ɕʰyo³¹/ | |
| Guiyang | /t͡ɕʰio²¹/ | |
| Kunming | /t͡ɕʰio³¹/ | |
| Nanjing | /ʈ͡ʂʰoʔ⁵/ | |
| Hefei | /t͡ɕʰyɐʔ⁵/ /t͡ɕʰiɯ²¹/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡ɕʰiəʔ²/麻～ /t͡ɕʰiau⁵³/～兒 |
| Pingyao | /t͡ɕʰiʌʔ¹³/ | |
| Hohhot | /t͡ɕʰiɔ⁵³/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /t͡ɕʰiaʔ⁵/ |
| Suzhou | /t͡sʰiɑʔ⁵/ | |
| Hangzhou | /t͡ɕʰiɑʔ⁵/ | |
| Wenzhou | /t͡ɕʰa²¹³/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /t͡sʰiɔʔ²¹/ |
| Tunxi | /t͡siun²⁴/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /t͡sʰio²⁴/ |
| Xiangtan | /t͡sʰio²⁴/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /t͡ɕʰiɔʔ⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /t͡siok̚¹/ |
| Taoyuan | /t͡siok̚²²/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /t͡sœk̚³/ |
| Nanning | /t͡sʰœk̚³³/ | |
| Hong Kong | /t͡sœk̚³/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /t͡sʰiɔk̚³²/ /t͡siaʔ³²/ |
| Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /t͡sʰuɔʔ²³/ | |
| Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /t͡sʰiɔ²⁴/ | |
| Shantou (Teochew) | /t͡siauʔ²/ | |
| Haikou (Hainanese) | /siɔk̚⁵/ |
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 雀 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 精 (13) |
| Final (韻) | 藥 (107) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 即略切 |
| Baxter | tsjak |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡sɨɐk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡siɐk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡siɑk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /t͡sɨak̚/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡siak̚/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡sĭak̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /t͡si̯ak̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | jue |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zoek3 |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 雀 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | què |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tsjak › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ts]ewk/ |
| English | sparrow |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 雀 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 10745 |
| Phonetic component | 雀 |
| Rime group | 藥 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 爵 |
| Old Chinese | /*ʔsewɢ/ |
雀
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 雀 |
| すずめ Jinmeiyō |
| kun'yomi |
(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)
As with many terms that name organisms, this term is oftenspelled inkatakana, especially inbiological contexts (where katakana is customary).
(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)
雀• (jak) (hangeul작,revised jak,McCune–Reischauer chak,Yale cak)
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