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近來

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

See also:近来

Chinese

		near; close (to); approximately	to come
trad.(近來)		近	來
simp.(近来)		近	来

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin):jìnlái
(Zhuyin):ㄐㄧㄣˋ ㄌㄞˊ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong,Jyutping):gan⁶ loi⁴ / gan⁶ loi^4-2
(Taishan,Wiktionary):gin⁵ loi^3*
Hakka
(Sixian,PFS):khiun-lòi
(Hailu,HRS):kiun^˖ loi
Southern Min(Hokkien,POJ):kūn-lâi /kǔn-lâi /kīn-lâi

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin:jìnlái
  - Zhuyin:ㄐㄧㄣˋ ㄌㄞˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin:jìnlái
  - Wade–Giles:chin⁴-lai²
  - Yale:jìn-lái
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh:jinnlai
  - Palladius:цзиньлай(czinʹlaj)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/t͡ɕin⁵¹ laɪ̯³⁵/
  - Homophones:
    ^edit
    ^edit
    近來 /近来
    進來 /进来
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese,Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping:gan⁶ loi⁴ / gan⁶ loi^4-2
  - Yale:gahn lòih / gahn lói
  - Cantonese Pinyin:gan⁶ loi⁴ / gan⁶ loi^4-2
  - Guangdong Romanization:gen⁶ loi⁴ / gen⁶ loi^4-2
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/kɐn²² lɔːi̯²¹/, /kɐn²² lɔːi̯²¹⁻³⁵/
- (Taishanese,Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary:gin⁵ loi^3*
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/kin³² lᵘɔi²²⁻²²⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl.Miaoli andNeipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ:khiun-lòi
  - Hakka Romanization System:kiun loi^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim:kiun⁴ loi²
  - SinologicalIPA:/kʰi̯un⁵⁵ loi̯¹¹/
- (Hailu, incl.Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System:kiun^˖ loi
  - SinologicalIPA:/kʰiun³³ loi⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien:Xiamen,Taipei)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:kūn-lâi
  - Tâi-lô:kūn-lâi
  - Phofsit Daibuun:kuxnlaai
  - SinologicalIPA (Xiamen):/kun²²⁻²¹ lai²⁴/
  - SinologicalIPA (Taipei):/kun³³⁻¹¹ lai²⁴/
- (Hokkien:Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:kǔn-lâi
  - Tâi-lô:kǔn-lâi
  - SinologicalIPA (Quanzhou):/kun²² lai²⁴/
- (Hokkien:Zhangzhou,Kaohsiung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:kīn-lâi
  - Tâi-lô:kīn-lâi
  - Phofsit Daibuun:kixnlaai
  - SinologicalIPA (Kaohsiung):/kin³³⁻²¹ lai²³/
  - SinologicalIPA (Zhangzhou):/kin²²⁻²¹ lai¹³/

Adverb

近來

recently;lately
- 近來無奈牡丹何，數十千錢買一顆。[Classical Chinese,trad.]
  近来无奈牡丹何，数十千钱买一颗。[Classical Chinese,simp.]
  From: 8th century,柳渾,牡丹
  Jìnlái wúnài mǔdān hé, shù shíqiān qián mǎi yī kē.[Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 不瞞老爺說，近來咱們地方上響馬甚多，凡過往的客人，須要遲行早住。[Written Vernacular Chinese,trad.]
  不瞒老爷说，近来咱们地方上响马甚多，凡过往的客人，须要迟行早住。[Written Vernacular Chinese,simp.]
  From:Wu Jingzi,The Scholars, 1750CE
  Bù mán lǎoyé shuō,jìnlái zánmen dìfāng shàng xiǎngmǎ shèn duō, fán guòwǎng de kèrén, xū yào chí xíng zǎo zhù.[Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 1902,James Dyer Ball,How to Speak Cantonese, second edition, Hongkong: Kelly & Walsh,pages112–113:
  近來中國打發欽差過外國。[Cantonese,trad.]
  近来中国打发钦差过外国。[Cantonese,simp.]
  gan⁶ loi^4-2 zung¹ gwok³ daa² faat³ jam¹ caai¹ gwo³ ngoi⁶ gwok³.[Jyutping]
  The Chinese have alsolately sent ambassadors to foreign countries.

Synonyms

一向(yīxiàng)
最近(zuìjìn)
只兩幫 /只两帮(cī-lâng-bōng)(Eastern Min)
只幫 /只帮(cī-bōng)(Eastern Min)
呢排(Cantonese)
新近(xīnjìn)
日來 /日来(rìlái)(literary)
比來 /比来(bǐlái)(literary)
比年(bǐnián)(literary)
比歲 /比岁(bǐsuì)(literary)
該排 /该排(koi⁵ pai^3*)(Taishanese)
近排(Cantonese)
這擺 /这摆(Hokkien)
這擺仔 /这摆仔(Zhangzhou Hokkien)
這斗 /这斗(Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
這番仔 /这番仔(Zhangzhou Hokkien)
這程 /这程(Zhangzhou Hokkien)
這站 /这站(Zhangzhou Hokkien)
這站仔 /这站仔(Zhangzhou Hokkien)
這過 /这过(Quanzhou Hokkien, Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
這過仔 /这过仔(Zhangzhou Hokkien)
這陣 /这阵(zhèzhèn)(colloquial)
邇來 /迩来(ěrlái)(literary)

References

“Entry #11060”, in臺灣客語辭典 [Dictionary of Taiwan Hakka] (overall work in Chinese and Hakka),Ministry of Education, R.O.C.,2022.

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