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裡

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

See also:裏and里

裡	U+88E1,裡 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-88E1

←裠
[U+88E0]

CJK Unified Ideographs

裢 →
[U+88E2]

裡	U+F9E8,裡 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9E8

←裏
[U+F9E7]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs

里 →
[U+F9E9]

Translingual

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Traditional	裡
Simplified	里
Japanese	裏
Korean	裏

Han character

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裡 (Kangxi radical 145,衣+7, 13 strokes,cangjie input中田土 (LWG),four-corner3621₄,composition⿰衤里)

References

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Kangxi Dictionary:not present, would followpage 1118, character 13
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 34295
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3094, character 3
Unihan data for U+88E1

Unihan data for U+F9E8

Chinese

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trad.		裡/裏
simp.		里^*
alternative forms		𥚃

Glyph origin

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Characters in the samephonetic series (里)(Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
埋	*mrɯː
霾	*mrɯː
薶	*mrɯː
榸	*ʔr'ɯː
厘	*rɯ
狸	*rɯ
貍	*p·rɯ
梩	*rɯ
艃	*rɯ
里	*rɯʔ
理	*rɯʔ
鯉	*rɯʔ
俚	*rɯʔ
悝	rɯʔ, km̥ʰlɯː
娌	*rɯʔ
裏	*rɯʔ
荲	r̥ʰɯɡ, l̥ʰuɡ, *hluɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声,OC*rɯʔ): semantic 衤(“clothes”) + phonetic 里(OC*rɯʔ), unorthodox form of裏.

Etymology

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(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin):lǐ (li³)
(Zhuyin):ㄌㄧˇ
(Dungan,Cyrillic andWiktionary):ли (li, II) /ни (ni, II)
Cantonese(Jyutping):leoi⁵ /lei⁵
Gan(Wiktionary):li³
Hakka
(Sixian,PFS):lî / tî
(Meixian,Guangdong):li² / di¹
Jin(Wiktionary):li²
Northern Min(KCR):dǐ / lǐ
Eastern Min(BUC):diē / lī
Puxian Min(Pouseng Ping'ing):li⁵ / di³ / li³
Southern Min(Hokkien,POJ):lí /ni̍h /nn̍gh /lín
Wu(Shanghai,Wugniu):⁶li
Xiang(Changsha,Wiktionary):li³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin:lǐ →li(toneless final syllable variant)
  - Zhuyin:ㄌㄧˇ → ˙ㄌㄧ(toneless final syllable variant)
  - Tongyong Pinyin:li̊
  - Wade–Giles:li⁵
  - Yale:li
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh:.lii
  - Palladius:ли(li)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/li²¹⁴/ → /li/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic andWiktionary:ли (li, II) /ни (ni, II)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/li⁵¹/, /ni⁵¹/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese,Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping:leoi⁵ / lei⁵
  - Yale:léuih / léih
  - Cantonese Pinyin:loey⁵ / lei⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization:lêu⁵ / léi⁵
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/lɵy̯¹³/, /lei̯¹³/

Note:

leoi5 - vernacular (“in; inside; during; place”);
lei5 - literary (“lining”, also dated reading of leoi5).

Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary:li³
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/li²¹³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl.Miaoli andNeipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ:lî / tî
  - Hakka Romanization System:li^ˊ / di^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim:li¹ / di¹
  - SinologicalIPA:/li²⁴/, /ti²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong:li² / di¹
  - SinologicalIPA:/li¹¹/, /ti⁴⁴/

Note:

Sixian:
- tî - “in; during”.
Meixian:
- li2 - literary;
- di1 - vernacular.

Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary:li²
  - SinologicalIPA (old-style):/li⁵³/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized:dǐ / lǐ
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/ti²¹/, /li²¹/

Note:

dǐ - vernacular;
lǐ - literary.

Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê:diē / lī
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/tie³³/, /l̃i³³/

Note:

diē - vernacular;
lī - literary.

Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing:li⁵
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍:lī
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/li¹¹/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing:li⁵
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/li²¹/
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing:di³
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍:dî
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/ti⁴⁵³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing:di³
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/ti³³²/
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing:li³
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍:lî
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/li⁴⁵³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing:li³
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/li³³²/

Note:

li5/di3 - vernacular;
li3 - literary.

Southern Min
- (Hokkien:Xiamen,Quanzhou,Zhangzhou,GeneralTaiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:lí
  - Tâi-lô:lí
  - Phofsit Daibuun:lie
  - SinologicalIPA (Quanzhou):/li⁵⁵⁴/
  - SinologicalIPA (Xiamen,Zhangzhou,Taipei):/li⁵³/
  - SinologicalIPA (Kaohsiung):/li⁴¹/
- (Hokkien:variant inTaiwan,dated inXiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:ni̍h
  - Tâi-lô:ni̍h
  - Phofsit Daibuun:nih
  - SinologicalIPA (Taipei,Kaohsiung,Xiamen):/nĩʔ⁴/
- (Hokkien:dated inQuanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:nn̍gh
  - Tâi-lô:nn̍gh
  - Phofsit Daibuun:nngh
  - SinologicalIPA (Quanzhou):/nŋ̍ʔ²⁴/
- (Hokkien:variant inTaiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:lín
  - Tâi-lô:lín
  - Phofsit Daibuun:lien
  - SinologicalIPA (Kaohsiung):/lin⁴¹/
  - SinologicalIPA (Taipei):/lin⁵³/

Note:

toneless when used as a postposition;
lín, ni̍h, nn̍gh - “in; inside; during; place”.

Wu
- (Northern:Shanghai)
  - Wugniu:⁶li
  - MiniDict:li^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai):³li
  - SinologicalIPA (Shanghai):/li²³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary:li³
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/li⁴¹/

Middle Chinese:liX

Rime
Character	裡
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	良士切
Baxter	liX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/lɨ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/lɨ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/lie^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/lɨ^X/
Li Rong	/liə^X/
Wang Li	/lĭə^X/
Bernhard Karlgren	/li^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	lǐ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	lei⁵

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart):/*m.rəʔ/
(Zhengzhang):/*rɯʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	裡
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	lǐ
Middle Chinese	‹ li^X ›
Old Chinese	/*m.rəʔ/
English	inside
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	裡
Reading #	1/1
No.	7832
Phonetic component	里
Rime group	之
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	里
Old Chinese	/*rɯʔ/

Definitions

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裡

(postpositional)in;inside
誰在這房間裡？／谁在这房间里？ ― Shéi zài zhè fángjiānlǐ? ― Who isinside this room?
- 2024,謝銘祐 [Ming-Yo Hsieh], “異鄉人”, in偏南, performed by謝銘祐 [Ming-Yo Hsieh]:
  孤單的人　一逝一逝覕夢裡泅[Taiwanese Hokkien,trad.]
  孤单的人　一逝一逝𰴕梦里泅[Taiwanese Hokkien,simp.]
  ko͘-toaⁿ ê lâng, chi̍t chōa chi̍t chōa bih bāng--lín siû[Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)
(postpositional)during;within
暑假裡／暑假里 ― shǔjiǎlǐ ― during the summer holidays
Indicates a place.
這裡／这里 ― zhèlǐ ― here
那裡／那里 ― nàlǐ ― there
哪裡／哪里 ― nǎlǐ ― where
interior;inside
lining