行不由徑

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Chinese

	to go; to do; capable to go; to do; capable; all right; competent; OK; to travel; temporary; to walk; will do; behaviour; conduct; a row; profession; professional	not; no	follow; from; it is for...to follow; from; it is for...to; reason; cause; because of; due to; by; to; to leave it (to someone)	path
trad.(行不由徑)	行	不	由	徑
simp.(行不由径)	行	不	由	径
Literally: “to not take bypaths”.

Etymology

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From theAnalects, Book 6(《論語·雍也》):

子游為武城宰。子曰：「女得人焉爾乎？」曰：「有澹臺滅明者，行不由徑。非公事，未嘗至於偃之室也。」[Classical Chinese,trad.]

子游为武城宰。子曰：「女得人焉尔乎？」曰：「有澹台灭明者，行不由径。非公事，未尝至于偃之室也。」[Classical Chinese,simp.]

From: TheAnalects of Confucius,c. 475 – 221BCE, translated based onJames Legge's version

Zǐyóu wéi Wǔchéng zǎi. Zǐyuē: “Rǔ dé rén yān ěr hū?” Yuē: “Yǒu Tántái Mièmíng zhě,xíng bù yóu jìng. Fēi gōngshì, wèicháng zhìyú Yǎn zhī shì yě.”[Pinyin]

Ziyou being governor ofWucheng, the Master said to him, "Have you got good men there?" He answered, "There isTantai Mieming, whonever in walking takes a short cut, and excepting on public business never comes to my office."

Pronunciation

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Mandarin
(Pinyin):xíngbùyóujìng
(Zhuyin):ㄒㄧㄥˊ ㄅㄨˋ ㄧㄡˊ ㄐㄧㄥˋ
Cantonese(Jyutping):hang⁴ bat¹ jau⁴ ging³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin:xíngbùyóujìng
  - Zhuyin:ㄒㄧㄥˊ ㄅㄨˋ ㄧㄡˊ ㄐㄧㄥˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin:síngbùyóujìng
  - Wade–Giles:hsing²-pu⁴-yu²-ching⁴
  - Yale:syíng-bù-yóu-jìng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh:shyngbuyoujinq
  - Palladius:синбуюцзин(sinbujuczin)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/ɕiŋ³⁵ pu⁵¹ joʊ̯³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese,Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping:hang⁴ bat¹ jau⁴ ging³
  - Yale:hàhng bāt yàuh ging
  - Cantonese Pinyin:hang⁴ bat⁷ jau⁴ ging³
  - Guangdong Romanization:heng⁴ bed¹ yeo⁴ ging³
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/hɐŋ²¹ pɐt̚⁵ jɐu̯²¹ kɪŋ³³/

Middle Chinese:haeng pjut yuw kengH

Rime
Character	行	不	由	徑
Reading #	2/4	3/3	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)	幫 (1)	以 (36)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	庚 (109)	物 (60)	尤 (136)	青 (125)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Checked (Ø)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed	Open	Open
Division (等)	II	III	III	IV
Fanqie	戸庚切	分勿切	以周切	古定切
Baxter	haeng	pjut	yuw	kengH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦˠæŋ/	/pɨut̚/	/jɨu/	/keŋ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦᵚaŋ/	/piut̚/	/jiu/	/keŋ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣaŋ/	/piuət̚/	/iəu/	/kɛŋ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦaɨjŋ/	/put̚/	/juw/	/kɛjŋ^H/
Li Rong	/ɣɐŋ/	/piuət̚/	/iu/	/keŋ^H/
Wang Li	/ɣɐŋ/	/pĭuət̚/	/jĭəu/	/kieŋ^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ɣɐŋ/	/pi̯uət̚/	/i̯ə̯u/	/kieŋ^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	héng	fu	yóu	jìng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hang⁴	fat¹	jau⁴	ging³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart):/*Cə.[ɡ]ˤraŋ pə l[u] [k]ˤeŋ-s/
(Zhengzhang):/*ɡraːŋ pɯ' lɯw keːŋs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	行	不	由	徑
Reading #	2/3	1/2	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xíng	bù	yóu	jìng
Middle Chinese	‹ hæng ›	‹ pjuw ›	‹ yuw ›	‹ keng^H ›
Old Chinese	/*Cə.[ɡ]ˁraŋ/	/*pə/	/*l[u]/	/*[k]ˁeŋ-s/
English	walk (v.)	not	follow; from	small path
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	行	不	由	徑
Reading #	3/4	3/3	1/1	1/1
No.	13867	1048	15526	6806
Phonetic component	行	不	由	巠
Rime group	陽	物	幽	耕
Rime subdivision	0	1	2	0
Corresponding MC rime	行	弗	猷	徑
Old Chinese	/*ɡraːŋ/	/*pɯ'/	/*lɯw/	/*keːŋs/
Notes		中古才促化

Idiom

[edit]

行不由徑

toactjustly andhonestly
- 若至近世，操行不軌，專犯忌諱，而終身逸樂，富厚累世不絕。或擇地而蹈之，時然後出言，行不由徑，非公正不發憤，而遇禍災者，不可勝數也。余甚惑焉，儻所謂天道，是邪非邪？[Classical Chinese,trad.]
  若至近世，操行不轨，专犯忌讳，而终身逸乐，富厚累世不绝。或择地而蹈之，时然后出言，行不由径，非公正不发愤，而遇祸灾者，不可胜数也。余甚惑焉，傥所谓天道，是邪非邪？[Classical Chinese,simp.]
  From: TheRecords of the Grand Historian, bySima Qian,c. 91BCE
  Ruò zhì jìnshì, cāoxíng bùguǐ, zhuān fàn jìhuì, ér zhōngshēn yìlè, fùhòu lěishì bùjué. Huò zé dì ér dǎo zhī, shí ránhòu chūyán,xíngbùyóujìng, fēi gōngzhèng bù fāfèn, ér yù huòzāi zhě, bùkěshèngshù yě. Yú shèn huò yān, tǎng suǒwèi tiāndào, shì yé fēi yé?[Pinyin]
  As for more recent ages, men who do not follow the proper path, and do nothing but violate taboos, are still carefree and happy for all their lives, and their wealth goes on for generations without end. Some who choose carefully where they put their feet, wait for the right time to offer up words,act justly and honestly, and except for what is right and fair do not vent pent-up emotions, yet still encounter disaster are too numerous to be counted. I am deeply perplexed by this—if this is what is called ‘the Way of Heaven,’ is it right or not?

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