落 U+F918,落 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F918 ←珞 [U+F917] CJK Compatibility Ideographs 酪 → [U+F919]

Stroke order

Simplified Chinese and Japanese

落 (Kangxi radical 140,艸+9, 13 strokesin traditional Chinese and Korean, 12 strokesin simplified Chinese and Japanese,cangjie input廿水竹口 (TEHR),four-corner4416₄,composition⿱艹洛)

• 𡀩, 𢣅, 𭢥, 𣋛, 𥋷, 𭘹, 𮆗, 𫄈, 𨮎, 𮒏

• Kangxi Dictionary:page 1043, character 11
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31362
• Dae Jaweon: page 1503, character 20
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3255, character 8
• Unihan data for U+843D

• Unihan data for U+F918

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声,OC*ɡ·raːɡ): semantic 艹 + phonetic 洛(OC*ɡ·raːɡ).

FromProto-Sino-Tibetan*(k/g)la-k/y/t(“to fall”) (STEDT,Schuessler, 2007):

within Sinitic, cognate to露 (OC*ɡ·raːɡs) "dew",下 (OC*ɡraːʔ, *ɡraːs, “down, below, to descend, to fall down”) ,陊 (OC*l'aːlʔ, *l'alʔ) "to collapse" and阤 (OC*l'alʔ, *hljalʔ) "hillside, slope";

outsides Sinitic, cognate toMizotla ~ tlâk(“to fall”) andthla ~ thlâk(“to drop”),Burmeseကျ(kya.,“to fall”) andချ(hkya.,“to drop”).

Schuessler attributes OC *r-, instead of expected **l-, to possible Austroasiatic influence: compareKhmer[script needed](gra'ka,“be low, debased”) <[script needed](-ra'ka,“to fall, below, cover from above”). However,Matisoff (2003) identifies several ST etyma which display TB *(C‑)l- vs. OC *(C‑)r‑ correspondence (e.g.*l(j)a(k/ŋ)(“good, beautiful”) →良 (OC*raŋ),*g/m-liŋ(“neck”) →領 (OC*reŋʔ), etc.) and TB *(C‑)r- vs. OC *(C‑)l‑ (e.g.*g-rjum(“salt”) →鹽 (OC *ɡ·lam)); so irregularities in correspondence do not necessarily indicate foreign influences.

Contemporary southern usage possibly reinforced by a Kra-Dai term. The term has been associated withZhuangloengx(“to fall”).

Zhengzhang suggested that Pronunciation 2 was a result of loss of final consonant of the retained Old Chinese Pronunciation 1.

落

1. tofall; todrop

   落淚／落泪  ― luòlèi  ―  to shed tears

   隕石為什麼總是落在隕石坑裡？[MSC,trad.]
   陨石为什么总是落在陨石坑里？[MSC,simp.]

   Yǔnshí wèishénme zǒngshìluò zài yǔnshíkēng lǐ?[Pinyin]

   Why do meteors always fall right into craters? (a joke question)

   落水  ― luòshuǐ  ―  to fall into the water

   • 花落知多少[Classical Chinese,trad. andsimp.]

     From:689—740,孟浩然 (Meng Haoran),《春曉》 (“A Spring Day's Morning”)

     huāluò zhī duōshǎo[Pinyin]

     How many are thefallen flowers?

   • 誤落塵網中，一去三十年。[Classical Chinese,trad.]
     误落尘网中，一去三十年。[Classical Chinese,simp.]

     From:Tao Yuanming,歸園田居‧其一

     Wùluò chén wǎng zhōng, yī qù sānshí nián.[Pinyin]

     But by mistakes I fell in mundane snares, and thus was entangled for thirteen years.

2. (intransitive)(to go to a lower place)
   1. togo down; todescend; toset

      日落  ― rìluò  ―  sunset

      潮水落了。  ― Cháoshuǐluò le.  ―  The tide is low.

      鳥兒落在樹枝上。[MSC,trad.]
      鸟儿落在树枝上。[MSC,simp.]

      Niǎo'érluò zài shùzhī shàng.[Pinyin]

      The bird lands on the branch

      1. (Cantonese, Southern Min) togo down; todescend(of a person, animal, etc.)

         落樓梯／落楼梯[Cantonese]  ― lok⁶ lau⁴ tai¹[Jyutping]  ―  togo down the stairs

         我落一落樓下。[Cantonese,trad.]
         我落一落楼下。[Cantonese,simp.]

         ngo⁵lok⁶ jat¹lok⁶ lau⁴ haa⁶.[Jyutping]

         I will go downstairs for a while.

   2. todecline; tosink; tocome down

      衰落  ― shuāiluò  ―  to decline; to go downhill

      家道中落  ― jiādàozhōngluò  ―  the family fortunes has declined

      落到這步田地／落到这步田地  ― luò dào zhè bù tiándì  ―  to come down to such a plight

   3. tofall onto; torest with(of responsibility, power, position, etc.)

      大權旁落／大权旁落  ― dàquánpángluò  ―  power has fallen into the hands of others

      這個任務落到了我身上。[MSC,trad.]
      这个任务落到了我身上。[MSC,simp.]

      Zhège rènwùluò dào le wǒ shēnshàng.[Pinyin]

      This task falls onto our shoulders.

   4. (Cantonese, Southern Min, Wu) toget off; toalight; toexit; todisembark(a vehicle)

      落船[Guangzhou Cantonese]  ― lok⁶ syun⁴[Jyutping]  ―  to disembark from a boat

      落車／落车[Guangzhou Cantonese]  ― lok⁶ ce¹[Jyutping]  ―  to alight; to exit a car

      落車／落车[Hokkien]  ― lo̍h-chhia[Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  to alight; to exit a car

   5. (Cantonese, Eastern Min, Southern Min, dialectal Wu) tofinish; tocomplete(class or work)

      落課／落课  ― lo̍hkè  ―  to finish class

   6. (Cantonese) togo to a morelively andbustlingarea(especially downtown)
   7. (Cantonese, Eastern Min, Mainland China Hokkien) togo tosomewhereinferior orsubordinate

      落鄉／落乡[Hokkien]  ― lo̍h-hiuⁿ[Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  to go to the countryside

   8. (Cantonese, Hokkien, Teochew)down [onto;to]

      打落地下度[Cantonese]  ― daa²lok⁶ dei⁶ haa^6-2 dou⁶[Jyutping]  ―  to hit something and cause it to fall to the ground

3. (transitive)(to move something to a lower place)
   1. tolower; toletfall; toletdown

      我把簾子落下來。[MSC,trad.]
      我把帘子落下来。[MSC,simp.]

      Wǒ bǎ liánziluò xiàlái.[Pinyin]

      I lowered the blinds.

      落價／落价[Hokkien]  ― lo̍h-kè[Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  to fall in price

   2. (literary) towrite down(with a pen)
   3. (Cantonese, Gan, Hakka, Huizhou, Min, Southern Pinghua, Wu, Xiang) tofall down; torain orsnow

      啲雨一滴都未落佢已經喺度攞住把遮行。[Cantonese,trad.]
      啲雨一滴都未落佢已经喺度𫽋住把遮行。[Cantonese,simp.]

      di¹ jyu⁵ jat¹ dik¹ dou¹ mei⁶lok⁶ keoi⁵ ji⁵ ging¹ hai² dou⁶ lo² zyu⁶ baa² ze¹ haang⁴.[Jyutping]

      He had already started to carry an umbrella before the rain even began to fall.

   4. (Cantonese, Southern Min) toadd; toput in(into food, a mixture, etc.)

      落味精[Cantonese]  ― lok⁶ mei⁶ zing¹[Jyutping]  ―  toadd MSG

      落石屎[Cantonese]  ― lok⁶ sek⁶ si²[Jyutping]  ―  topour concrete

   5. (Cantonese, Hokkien) togive orissue something to an inferior person

      落旨[Cantonese]  ― lok⁶ zi²[Jyutping]  ―  to issue a decree

      落叉廚／落叉厨[Hong Kong Cantonese]  ― lok⁶ caa¹ cyu⁴[Jyutping]  ―  to issue a charge

      落公文[Hokkien]  ― lo̍h kong-bûn[Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  to issue an official document

   6. (Cantonese) toget into or to haveput on something

      肥到著唔落條褲[Cantonese,trad.]
      肥到著唔落条裤[Cantonese,simp.]

      fei⁴ dou³ zoek³ m⁴lok⁶ tiu⁴ fu³[Jyutping]

      too fat to put on the pair of pants

   7. (Cantonese) toabort(a fetus)

      你咁狠心落咗佢。[Cantonese,trad. andsimp.]

      nei⁵ gam³ han² sam¹lok⁶ zo² keoi⁵.[Jyutping]

      How cruel of you to abort it.

   8. (Xiamen and Taiwanese Hokkien) tofell; tolop; tocut down; tohew(trees)
4. (Cantonese)added after a verb to express a reassessment after doing or experiencing something for a certain period of time

   佢睇落幾靚仔。[Cantonese,trad.]
   佢睇落几靓仔。[Cantonese,simp.]

   keoi⁵ tai²lok⁶ gei² leng³ zai².[Jyutping]

   He seems to be quite handsome.

   做落先知原來咁難。[Cantonese,trad.]
   做落先知原来咁难。[Cantonese,simp.]

   zou⁶lok⁶ sin¹ zi¹ jyun⁴ loi⁴ gam³ naan⁴.[Jyutping]

   Only after doing it for a while do you realize how difficult it is.

5. tostop; tocease

   落腳／落脚  ― luòjiǎo  ―  to stop over; to put up

   話音未落／话音未落  ― huàyīn wèiluò  ―  before one has finished speaking

6. tolag behind; tofall behind

   落選／落选  ― luòxuǎn  ―  to lose an election

   落伍  ― luòwǔ  ―  to be behind the times

7. toleavebehind; tostaybehind

   不落痕跡／不落痕迹  ― bùluòhénjì  ―  to leave no trace

8. place where onestays;whereabouts

   下落  ― xiàluò  ―  whereabouts

9. settlement;place togather together

   村落  ― cūnluò  ―  village

10. smallarea;shortpart

    段落  ― duànluò  ―  paragraph

11. toget; toreceive; tohave

    落不是  ― làobùshi  ―  to get blamed

    落褒貶／落褒贬  ― làobāobiǎn  ―  to receive praise and criticism

    落埋怨  ― làomáiyuàn  ―  to take the blame

12. (Eastern Min)Classifier for residences.
13. (Hainanese, Leizhou Min, Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Singapore and Taiwanese Hokkien, Teochew) tofade(of color)
14. (Hokkien)Classifier for a row of houses.
15. (Hokkien) toomit; toleave out
16. (Hokkien) todisassemble; todismantle
17. (Hokkien) tohavediarrhea
18. (Hokkien) toleak(of water or gas)
19. (Hokkien) tocoax out of somebody; totrick somebody intotelling(of a secret, information, the truth, etc.)
20. (Hokkien) tofalloff; todrop off(from somewhere)
21. (Hokkien) tolose; tomisplace
22. (Mainland China Hokkien) toget along well
23. (Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien)loose;about tofall off(often reduplicated)
24. (Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien)Classifier for events, deals, etc..
25. (Xiamen Hokkien) todivide into; tosplit up into
26. (Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) tounload(cargo, etc.)
27. (Taiwanese Hokkien) toshow off one'sskills inspeaking(a certain language)
28. (Taiwanese Hokkien) togather (one's own men) tohelp(used to gather a crowd for a fight)
29. (Zhangzhou Hokkien) toshake acontainer to let somethingfall out
30. (Zhangzhou Hokkien, of wind) toblow
31. (Zhangzhou Hokkien) tospace out; toleavedistances inbetween
32. asurname

• (to omit):

• (to disassemble):拆卸 (chāixiè);(Hokkien)拆落

• (to leak):洩／泄 (xiè)
• (to coax out of somebody):套 (tào);(Hokkien)擢 (tioh)
• (classifier for events):樁／桩 (zhuāng)
• (to blow):颳／刮 (guā)

• 加 (jiā, “to add”)
• 掉 (diào)

• → Ai-Cham:lau⁵
• → Thai:โละ(ló)(via Teochew loh⁸)
• → Vietnamese:lạc