Movatterモバイル変換


[0]ホーム

URL:


Jump to content
WiktionaryThe Free Dictionary
Search

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
U+83AB,莫
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-83AB

[U+83AA]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+83AC]

Translingual

[edit]

Han character

[edit]

(Kangxi radical 140,+7, 11 strokesin traditional Chinese and Korean, 10 strokesin mainland China and Japanese,cangjie input廿日大 (TAK),four-corner44430,composition or)

Derived characters

[edit]

References

[edit]
  • Kangxi Dictionary:page 1035, character 13
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31078
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1494, character 13
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3217, character 15
  • Unihan data for U+83AB

Chinese

[edit]

Glyph origin

[edit]
Historical forms of the character
ShangWestern ZhouWarring StatesShuowen Jiezi (compiled inHan)Liushutong (compiled inMing)
Oracle bone scriptBronze inscriptionsChu slip and silk scriptSmall seal scriptTranscribed ancient scripts
Characters in the samephonetic series ()(Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*mraː
*mraːɡs
*maːl
*maː
*maː, *maːɡ
*maː
*maː
*maː, *maːɡ
*maː
*maːɡs
*maːɡs
*maːɡs
*maːɡs
*maːɡs
*maːɡ
*maːɡ
*maːɡ
*maːɡ
*maːɡ
*maːɡ
*maːɡ
*maːɡ
*maːɡ, *mraːɡ
*maːɡ
*mraːɡ
*mraːɡ

Pictogram (象形) – the sun () sinking into thebushes (); dusk. Original form of (OC*maːɡs, “dusk”).

The bottom was later distorted into.

Etymology 1

[edit]
trad.
simp.#
alternative forms𦶛
𦱤

From (OC*ma, “there is no”) + distributive suffix *-k (Schuessler, 2007). For the same type of derivation, see the relationship of (OC*ɢʷɯʔ, “there is”) and (OC*ɡʷɯːɡ, “some”).

Pronunciation

[edit]

Note:
  • mŏ̤h - vernacular (“don't”);
  • mŏk - literary.
Note:
  • bo̍k - literary;
  • bo̍h - vernacular.
Note: bho6 - surname.

  • Dialectal data
VarietyLocation
MandarinBeijing/mo⁵¹/
Harbin/mɤ⁵³/
Tianjin/mo⁵³/
Jinan/mə²¹/
Qingdao/mə⁴²/
Zhengzhou/mo²⁴/
Xi'an/mo²¹/
Xining/mɔ⁴⁴/
Yinchuan/muə¹³/
Lanzhou/mə¹³/
Ürümqi/mɤ²¹³/
Wuhan/mo²¹³/
Chengdu/mo³¹/
Guiyang/mo²¹/
Kunming/mo³¹/
Nanjing/moʔ⁵/
Hefei/mɐʔ⁵/
JinTaiyuan/maʔ²/
Pingyao/mʌʔ⁵³/
Hohhot/maʔ⁴³/
WuShanghai/moʔ¹/
Suzhou/noʔ³/
Hangzhou/moʔ²/
Wenzhou/mo²¹³/
HuiShexian/mɔʔ²¹/
Tunxi/mo¹¹/
XiangChangsha/mo²⁴/
Xiangtan/mo²⁴/
GanNanchang/mɔʔ²/
/mɵʔ²/
HakkaMeixian/mok̚⁵/
Taoyuan/mok̚⁵⁵/
CantoneseGuangzhou/mɔk̚²/
Nanning/mɔk̚²²/
Hong Kong/mɔk̚²/
MinXiamen (Hokkien)/bɔk̚⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min)/moʔ⁵/
Jian'ou (Northern Min)/mz̩²⁴/
Shantou (Teochew)/mok̚⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese)/vo³³/不要
/mo³³/

Rime
Character
Reading #1/1
Initial () (4)
Final () (103)
Tone (調)Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)Open
Division ()I
Fanqie
Baxtermak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/mɑk̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/mɑk̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/mɑk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/mak̚/
Li
Rong
/mɑk̚/
Wang
Li
/mɑk̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/mɑk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
mok6
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading #1/22/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ mak ›‹ mak ›
Old
Chinese
/*mˁak//*mˁak/
Englishthere is no X such that Xdeliberate (v.) (loan)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading #1/1
No.9252
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*maːɡ/
Notes

Definitions

[edit]

  1. (literary)none;nothing;notanything
  2. (literary or dialectal Mandarin, dialectal Cantonese, Gan, Hakka, Eastern Min, Xiang)donot;don't;must not
    做聲做声[dialectal Mandarin]  ―  zuòshēng![Pinyin]  ―  Keep quiet! (literally, “Don't make a sound!”)
    細膩[Eastern Min,trad.]
    细腻[Eastern Min,simp.]
    mŏ̤h-sá̤-nê /[moʔ⁵⁻²¹(s-)lɛ²¹³⁻⁵³ nˡɛi²⁴²][Bàng-uâ-cê / IPA]
    Don't be too polite. / Make yourself at home.
    [Xiang]  ― nyi3mo6 tei3 lo[Wiktionary]  ―  You don'tjoke.
    發生火災驚慌发生火灾惊慌  ― fāshēng huǒzāi jīnghuāng  ― Don't be panicked when conflagration happens
  3. particle indicating arhetoricalquestion
  4. asurname

Notes

[edit]

In Classical Chinese, negatives like often invert the object before the verb. Example: "None commands them".

Synonyms

[edit]
Dialectal synonyms of (“do not”)[map]
VarietyLocationWords
Classical Chinese,1,,
Formal(Written Standard Chinese),不要,,別要 chiefly Hong Kong
Northeastern MandarinBeijing,別價
Taiwan,不要
Harbin
Malaysia不要
Singapore不要
Jilu MandarinJinan,別價,甭價,不要
Jiaoliao MandarinYantai(Muping)
Central Plains MandarinLuoyang,1,
Wanrong,不要
Xi'an,不敢
Xining
Xuzhou,
Lanyin MandarinLanzhou不要
Ürümqi
Southwestern MandarinChengdu1,不要,
Wuhan1,
Guiyang不要
Guilin1,不要
Liuzhou1,莫要
Xiangtan(Jiangnan Industries Group koine)1
Jianghuai MandarinNanjing不要
Yangzhou1,不要
Hefei,不要
CantoneseGuangzhou,咪個,唔好
Hong Kong,唔好,,咪個 dated
Hong Kong(San Tin; Weitou)唔好
Macau唔要
Foshan(Shunde)
Zhongshan(Shiqi)
Zhuhai(Doumen)唔好
Taishan唔好
Kaiping(Chikan)唔好
Dongguan,唔好
Shaoguan
Yunfu,唔好
Yangjiang1,無好
Xinyi
Lianjiang
Nanning冇要
Kuala Lumpur(Guangfu)
Singapore(Guangfu),唔好
GanNanchang1
Lichuan毋要,不要
Pingxiang不要
HakkaMeixian1,毋愛,毋好
Xingning毋愛
Huidong(Daling)毋好
Shaoguan(Qujiang)毋好
Lianshan(Xiaosanjiang)毋好
Changting毋要
Liancheng毋要
Ninghua毋要
Yudu毋要,毋敢
Ruijin毋要
Shicheng毋要
Shangyou(Shexi)毋要
Miaoli(N. Sixian)1,毋好
Pingtung(Neipu; S. Sixian)1,毋好
Hsinchu County(Zhudong; Hailu)1,毋好
Taichung(Dongshi; Dabu)1,毋好
Hsinchu County(Qionglin; Raoping)1,毋好
Yunlin(Lunbei; Zhao'an)2,毋好
Hong Kong毋好
Sabah(Longchuan)毋愛
Senai(Huiyang)毋好
Kuching(Hepo)唔愛
HuizhouJixi不要,
Shexian不要,
Huangshan(Tunxi)不要,
JinTaiyuan不要,不敢
Xinzhou不要,,
Northern MinJian'ou伓敢,伓讓,
Pucheng(Shibei)伓敢
Eastern MinFuzhou伓通,
Fuqing伓通
Matsu
Southern MinXiamen毋通,毋愛,2,𱰠,莫用,
Quanzhou毋通,毋愛,2,莫用,
Zhangzhou毋通,2,2,𱰠,莫用,
Zhao'an
Taipei2
New Taipei(Sanxia)莫去
Kaohsiung2
Yilan毋通,2
Changhua(Lukang)2
Tainan2,2
Penang(Hokkien)2,毋通,2
Singapore(Hokkien)2,毋通,2
Manila(Hokkien)毋通,2
Pingnan(Shangdu)
Chaozhou,2
Shantou,2
Shantou(Chaoyang)2
Jieyang,2
Haifeng2
Ho Chi Minh City(Teochew)
Johor Bahru(Teochew)
Penang(Teochew)2
Singapore(Teochew)2,
Leizhou無地
Haikou無用,2,無莫
Qionghai無用
Singapore(Hainanese)無用
Southern PinghuaNanning(Tingzi)冇要
WuShanghai勿要,𧟰
Shanghai(Chongming)
Suzhou𧟰
Wuxi𧟰
Nantong(Haimen),拗要,弗要
Danyang弗要,𫸻
Hangzhou
Hangzhou(Yuhang)弗要,,𧟰
Ningbo,
Wenzhou𧟰
Lishui⿰毋樂
Qingyuan⿰否樂
Jinhua𫸻,弗要,弗用
XiangChangsha1,不要
Loudi不要,1
Shuangfeng1
Quanzhou

Compounds

[edit]

Etymology 2

[edit]
trad.
simp.#
alternative forms

Contraction of毋愛 /毋爱(m̄-ài).

Pronunciation

[edit]

Definitions

[edit]

(Southern Min)

  1. donot;don't;must not
    按呢[Hokkien]  ― Mài án-ne![Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ― Don't do like that!
    [Hokkien,trad.]
    [Hokkien,simp.]
    Mài koh kóng--ah![Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
    Don't talk about that!
    [Hokkien]  ― Mài bong góa![Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ― Don't touch me!
  2. tonotwant

Synonyms

[edit]
Dialectal synonyms of (“do not”)[map]
VarietyLocationWords
Classical Chinese,1,,
Formal(Written Standard Chinese),不要,,別要 chiefly Hong Kong
Northeastern MandarinBeijing,別價
Taiwan,不要
Harbin
Malaysia不要
Singapore不要
Jilu MandarinJinan,別價,甭價,不要
Jiaoliao MandarinYantai(Muping)
Central Plains MandarinLuoyang,1,
Wanrong,不要
Xi'an,不敢
Xining
Xuzhou,
Lanyin MandarinLanzhou不要
Ürümqi
Southwestern MandarinChengdu1,不要,
Wuhan1,
Guiyang不要
Guilin1,不要
Liuzhou1,莫要
Xiangtan(Jiangnan Industries Group koine)1
Jianghuai MandarinNanjing不要
Yangzhou1,不要
Hefei,不要
CantoneseGuangzhou,咪個,唔好
Hong Kong,唔好,,咪個 dated
Hong Kong(San Tin; Weitou)唔好
Macau唔要
Foshan(Shunde)
Zhongshan(Shiqi)
Zhuhai(Doumen)唔好
Taishan唔好
Kaiping(Chikan)唔好
Dongguan,唔好
Shaoguan
Yunfu,唔好
Yangjiang1,無好
Xinyi
Lianjiang
Nanning冇要
Kuala Lumpur(Guangfu)
Singapore(Guangfu),唔好
GanNanchang1
Lichuan毋要,不要
Pingxiang不要
HakkaMeixian1,毋愛,毋好
Xingning毋愛
Huidong(Daling)毋好
Shaoguan(Qujiang)毋好
Lianshan(Xiaosanjiang)毋好
Changting毋要
Liancheng毋要
Ninghua毋要
Yudu毋要,毋敢
Ruijin毋要
Shicheng毋要
Shangyou(Shexi)毋要
Miaoli(N. Sixian)1,毋好
Pingtung(Neipu; S. Sixian)1,毋好
Hsinchu County(Zhudong; Hailu)1,毋好
Taichung(Dongshi; Dabu)1,毋好
Hsinchu County(Qionglin; Raoping)1,毋好
Yunlin(Lunbei; Zhao'an)2,毋好
Hong Kong毋好
Sabah(Longchuan)毋愛
Senai(Huiyang)毋好
Kuching(Hepo)唔愛
HuizhouJixi不要,
Shexian不要,
Huangshan(Tunxi)不要,
JinTaiyuan不要,不敢
Xinzhou不要,,
Northern MinJian'ou伓敢,伓讓,
Pucheng(Shibei)伓敢
Eastern MinFuzhou伓通,
Fuqing伓通
Matsu
Southern MinXiamen毋通,毋愛,2,𱰠,莫用,
Quanzhou毋通,毋愛,2,莫用,
Zhangzhou毋通,2,2,𱰠,莫用,
Zhao'an
Taipei2
New Taipei(Sanxia)莫去
Kaohsiung2
Yilan毋通,2
Changhua(Lukang)2
Tainan2,2
Penang(Hokkien)2,毋通,2
Singapore(Hokkien)2,毋通,2
Manila(Hokkien)毋通,2
Pingnan(Shangdu)
Chaozhou,2
Shantou,2
Shantou(Chaoyang)2
Jieyang,2
Haifeng2
Ho Chi Minh City(Teochew)
Johor Bahru(Teochew)
Penang(Teochew)2
Singapore(Teochew)2,
Leizhou無地
Haikou無用,2,無莫
Qionghai無用
Singapore(Hainanese)無用
Southern PinghuaNanning(Tingzi)冇要
WuShanghai勿要,𧟰
Shanghai(Chongming)
Suzhou𧟰
Wuxi𧟰
Nantong(Haimen),拗要,弗要
Danyang弗要,𫸻
Hangzhou
Hangzhou(Yuhang)弗要,,𧟰
Ningbo,
Wenzhou𧟰
Lishui⿰毋樂
Qingyuan⿰否樂
Jinhua𫸻,弗要,弗用
XiangChangsha1,不要
Loudi不要,1
Shuangfeng1
Quanzhou

Etymology 3

[edit]
trad.
simp.#

Pronunciation

[edit]

Definitions

[edit]

  1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese)Original form of (, “dusk;late”).
  2. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) a kind ofvegetable

Compounds

[edit]

References

[edit]

Japanese

[edit]

Kanji

[edit]
See also:

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

  1. late
  2. end
  3. not be
  4. must not

Readings

[edit]

References

[edit]

Korean

[edit]

Hanja

[edit]

(eumhun없을(eopseul mak))

  1. hanja form? of(donot,is not,cannot)

(eumhun저물(jeomul mo))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out andadd a translation, then remove the text{{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

[edit]

Han character

[edit]

:Hán Việt readings:mạc ((mạt)(các)(thiết))[1][2][3]
:Nôm readings:mác[1][2][3][4][5][6],mạc[1][2][5][6],mếch[1]

Proper noun

[edit]

  1. chữ Hán form ofMạc(asurname from Chinese)

Derived terms

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. 1.01.11.21.3Nguyễn (2014).
  2. 2.02.12.2Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. 3.03.1Trần (2004).
  4. ^Hồ (1976).
  5. 5.05.1Génibrel (1898).
  6. 6.06.1Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=莫&oldid=89458429"
Categories:
Hidden categories:

[8]ページ先頭

©2009-2026 Movatter.jp