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荷 (Kangxi radical 140,艸+7, 10 strokes,cangjie input廿人一口 (TOMR),four-corner44221,composition⿱艹何)
| Historical forms of the character荷 |
|---|
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled inHan) |
| Small seal script |
 |
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 砢 | *ɡ·raːlʔ |
| 柯 | *kaːl |
| 菏 | *kaːl, *ɡaːl |
| 牁 | *kaːl |
| 滒 | *kaːl |
| 哥 | *kaːl |
| 歌 | *kaːl |
| 謌 | *kaːl |
| 鴚 | *kaːl |
| 哿 | *kaːlʔ |
| 舸 | *kaːlʔ |
| 笴 | *kaːlʔ, *kaːnʔ |
| 軻 | *kʰaːl, *kʰaːlʔ, *kʰaːls |
| 珂 | *kʰaːl |
| 可 | *kʰaːlʔ |
| 岢 | *kʰaːlʔ |
| 坷 | *kʰaːlʔ, *kʰaːls |
| 蚵 | *kʰaːls, *ɡaːl |
| 呵 | *qʰaːl, *qʰaːls |
| 訶 | *qʰaːl |
| 抲 | *qʰaːl |
| 荷 | *qʰaːls, *ɡaːl, *ɡaːlʔ |
| 何 | *ɡaːl, *ɡaːlʔ |
| 河 | *ɡaːl |
| 苛 | *ɡaːl |
| 魺 | *ɡaːl |
| 袔 | *ɡaːls |
| 阿 | *qaːl |
| 妸 | *qaːl, *qaːlʔ |
| 疴 | *qaːl, *kʰraːls |
| 鈳 | *qaːl |
| 娿 | *qaːl, *qaːlʔ |
| 痾 | *qaːl |
| 跒 | *kʰraːlʔ |
| 閜 | *qʰraːlʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声,OC*qʰaːls, *ɡaːl, *ɡaːlʔ): semantic 艸(“grass; plant”) + phonetic 何(OC*ɡaːl, *ɡaːlʔ).
| trad. | 荷 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp.# | 荷 | |
| alternative forms | 𣒍 | |
Possibly related toBurmeseကြာ(kra,“water lily”).[1]
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 荷 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) |
| Final (韻) | 歌 (94) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 胡歌切 |
| Baxter | ha |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɦɑ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɦɑ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɣɑ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɦa/ |
| Li Rong | /ɣɑ/ |
| Wang Li | /ɣɑ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ɣɑ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | hé |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | ho4 |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 荷 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | hé |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ ha › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ɡ]ˁaj/ |
| English | lotus |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 荷 |
| Reading # | 2/3 |
| No. | 7463 |
| Phonetic component | 可 |
| Rime group | 歌 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 何 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡaːl/ |
荷
(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Related to Etymology 1?”)
| trad. | 荷 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp.# | 荷 | |
| alternative forms | 𦽅 | |
荷
| trad. | 荷 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp.# | 荷 | |
| alternative forms | 何 | |
FromProto-Sino-Tibetan*m-kal ~ *s-gal(“back (lower); kidney; load; carry”) (STEDT). Cognate withTibetanསྒལ་པ(sgal pa,“small of the back”),Mizokal(“kidney”),Chepangगल्(gəl,“kidney”),Tangut𗹼(*khiwa¹,“kidney”),Burmeseခါး(hka:,“waist”),可 (OC*kʰaːlʔ, “to be able to”).
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 荷 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) |
| Final (韻) | 歌 (94) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 胡可切 |
| Baxter | haX |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɦɑX/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɦɑX/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɣɑX/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɦaX/ |
| Li Rong | /ɣɑX/ |
| Wang Li | /ɣɑX/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ɣɑX/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | hè |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | ho6 |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 荷 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | hè |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ haX › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ɡ]ˁajʔ/ |
| English | carry |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 荷 |
| Reading # | 3/3 |
| No. | 7465 |
| Phonetic component | 可 |
| Rime group | 歌 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 荷 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡaːlʔ/ |
荷
| For pronunciation and definitions of荷 – see苛 (“trifling;tedious”). (This character is an obsolete form of苛). |
| For pronunciation and definitions of荷 – see訶 (“toinvestigate; tointerrogate”). (This character is an obsolete form of訶). |
FromMiddle Chinese荷 (MC haX, “load”).
FromMiddle Chinese荷 (MC ha, “lotus”).
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