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See also:
U+82DF,苟
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-82DF

[U+82DE]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+82E0]

Translingual

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Han character

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(Kangxi radical 140,+5, 8 strokes,cangjie input廿心口 (TPR),four-corner44627,composition)

Usage notes

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This character is not to be confused with, which contains instead of.

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary:page 1023, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30790
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1482, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3194, character 12
  • Unihan data for U+82DF

Chinese

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trad.
simp.#
alternative forms
𠷜
𦯗
𦴆
𦴳
ChineseWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipediazh

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character
Western ZhouShuowen Jiezi (compiled inHan)Liushutong (compiled inMing)
Bronze inscriptionsSmall seal scriptTranscribed ancient scripts
Characters in the samephonetic series ()(Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*koː, *koːs
*koː
*koː, *ɡo
*koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo
*koː, *koːs, *kʰoː
*koː, *koːʔ, *koʔ
*koː, *koːs, *ɡo
*koːʔ
*koːʔ
*koːʔ, *ko
*koːʔ
*koːʔ
*koːʔ
豿*koːʔ, *qʰroːɡ
*koːʔ
*koːs, *kʰoːs, *qʰoːs, *kos
*koːs
*kʰoːʔ, *kʰoʔ
*qʰoː
*qʰoːʔ, *qʰos
*qʰoːʔ, *ɡo
*qʰoːs
*qʰoːs, *ɡoːs
*qʰoːs
*ko
*ko
*ko
*ko
*ko
*ko
*koʔ, *kos
*kos, *ɡo
*kos
*ɡo
*ɡo
*ɡo
*ɡo
*ɡo
*ɡo
*ɡo, *qʰo, *qʰoʔ, *qʰos
*qʰo, *qʰoʔ
*qʰoʔ
*qʰoʔ, *qʰos
*qʰos

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声,OC*koːʔ): semantic + phonetic (OC*koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo) – a kind of grass, in original sense.

Etymology 1

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Pronunciation

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Rime
Character
Reading #1/1
Initial () (28)
Final () (137)
Tone (調)Rising (X)
Openness (開合)Open
Division ()I
Fanqie
BaxterkuwX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kəuX/
Pan
Wuyun
/kəuX/
Shao
Rongfen
/kəuX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kəwX/
Li
Rong
/kuX/
Wang
Li
/kəuX/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/kə̯uX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
gǒu
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
gau2
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading #1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
gǒu
Middle
Chinese
‹ kuwX ›
Old
Chinese
/*[k]ˁ(r)oʔ/
Englishif really

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading #1/1
No.7069
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*koːʔ/

Definitions

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  1. careless;casual;indifferent
    一絲不一丝不  ― yīsībùgǒu  ―  to not be the least bit negligent
  2. casually;carelessly
      ― gǒutóng  ―  to readily agree
  3. tentatively;for the time being
  4. (literary)if only;if;as long as
  5. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) a type ofgrass
  6. asurname
Synonyms
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Dialectal synonyms of如果 (“if”)[map]
VarietyLocationWords
Classical Chinese,,,使,,,,向使,向令,假令,假使,,誠使,,,當使
Formal(Written Standard Chinese),,如果,若果,果若,假如,假若,假使,假設,倘若,倘或,倘然,倘使,若是,若然,設若,設使,設令,設或,
Northeastern MandarinBeijing要是,
Taiwan要是,,如果
Malaysia如果
Singapore如果
Jilu MandarinJinan要是
Central Plains MandarinXi'an要是
Southwestern MandarinChengdu要是,假比
Wuhan要是
Jianghuai MandarinYangzhou要是,,假使
Hefei要是,倘此,倘倘
CantoneseGuangzhou如果,若果,若然,假使間
Hong Kong如果,若果,若然,若然之,假使,假使間,假如
Macau假如
Taishan如果,若果,假使
Kaiping(Chikan)若果
Yangjiang設若
Kuala Lumpur(Guangfu)如果
Singapore(Guangfu)如果
GanNanchang要是,若是
Lichuan假使
HakkaMeixian係話,若係,如果
Huizhou(Huicheng; Bendihua)若果,係講,係話
Miaoli(N. Sixian)係講,若係,假使
Pingtung(Neipu; S. Sixian)係講,係準,係準講,準講,準假,係若,若係,假使,假詐
Hsinchu County(Zhudong; Hailu)係講,若係,假使
Taichung(Dongshi; Dabu)準講,可比,假使,係講,若係,若係講,準若講
Hsinchu County(Qionglin; Raoping)係講,若係,假使
Yunlin(Lunbei; Zhao'an)若係講,假使,若講,係講,若係
Kuching(Hepo)假使
JinTaiyuan要是
Northern MinJian'ou來是,如果
Pucheng(Shibei)來是,如果
Eastern MinFuzhou儷是,若還
Southern MinXiamen設使,若是,,若欲是,假若,假若是,,欲是,甲若,甲若是
Quanzhou設使,若是,,若欲是,假若,假若是,,欲是
Zhangzhou設使,若是,,假若,假若是,,欲是,甲若,甲若是
Tainan若是,若準,,假使,設使
Penang(Hokkien)若是,若準
Singapore(Hokkien)若是
Manila(Hokkien)若是,,假使
Chaozhou若是
Shantou如果
Jieyang,若是
Singapore(Teochew)若是
Wenchang但見,
Haikou麼是,設如,設使
WuShanghai要是,如果,假使,倘然,倘使,是得
Suzhou,如果
Wenzhou若是,
XiangChangsha要是
Shuangfeng要是,要此

Compounds

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Etymology 2

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For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“to becircumspect orcautious in one'sbehaviour ”).
(This character is recorded in one or more historical dictionaries as a variant form of).

References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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See also:

(Hyōgai kanji)

  1. any,at all,in the least

Readings

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Derived terms

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Korean

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Hanja

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(eumhun진실로(jinsillo gu))

  1. hanja form? of(careless,frivolous)
  2. hanja form? of(illicit)
  3. hanja form? of(if,but,if only)

Vietnamese

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Han character

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:Hán Nôm readings:cẩu,cảu,càu,

Zhuang

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Noun

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  1. Sawndip form ofgyaeuj(head; headhair)
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