Stroke order

Stroke order

背 (Kangxi radical 130,肉+5, 9 strokes,cangjie input中心月 (LPB),four-corner1122₇,composition⿱北月(GJK) or⿱北⺼(HT))

• Kangxi Dictionary:page 977, character 21
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29363
• Dae Jaweon: page 1429, character 11
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2058, character 4
• Unihan data for U+80CC

Historical forms of the character背
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled inHan)
Small seal script

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声,OC*pɯːɡs, *bɯːɡs): phonetic 北(OC*pɯːɡ) + semantic 月(“meat”). Originally written as北, semantic肉 was added to be distinguished from the derived meaning of北 (“north”).

FromProto-Sino-Tibetan*bə(q)(“to carry (on back), shoulder”).

Two pronunciations were distinguished in Middle Chinese:puʌi^H(“back”),buʌi^H(“to turn one's back to; to betray”).

背

1. (anatomy)back

   捶背  ― chuíbèi  ―  to give a back massage

   馬背／马背  ― mǎbèi  ―  horseback

   • 一個孩子突然跑過來，幾乎碰著他背上的劍尖，使他嚇出了一身汗。[MSC,trad.]
     一个孩子突然跑过来，几乎碰着他背上的剑尖，使他吓出了一身汗。[MSC,simp.]

     From: 1927,Lu Xun,鑄劍

     Yī ge háizi tūrán pǎo guòlái, jīhū pèng zhe tābèi shàng de jiàn jiān, shǐ tā xià chū le yī shēn hàn.[Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

2. back;backside;reverseside

   手背  ― shǒubèi  ―  back of the hand

   紙背／纸背  ― zhǐbèi  ―  back of a piece of paper

3. toleave; toabandon

   背井離鄉／背井离乡  ― bèijǐnglíxiāng  ―  to leave one's native place and move elsewhere

4. toback onto

   背著太陽坐／背着太阳坐  ― bèi zhe tàiyáng zuò  ―  to sit with one's back to the sun

   背山面海  ― bèi shān miàn hǎi  ―  backing on to a mountain and facing the sea

5. tobetray

   • 隨何往說九江王布，布果背楚。[Classical Chinese,trad.]
     随何往说九江王布，布果背楚。[Classical Chinese,simp.]

     From: TheRecords of the Grand Historian, bySima Qian,c. 91BCE

     Suí Hé wǎng shuì Jiǔjiāng wáng Bù, Bù guǒbèi Chǔ.[Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

6. to do somethingbehind one's back; tohide something from someone

   男朋友背著我和其他女生聊天。[MSC,trad.]
   男朋友背着我和其他女生聊天。[MSC,simp.]

   Nánpéngyǒubèi zhe wǒ hé qítā nǚshēng liáotiān.[Pinyin]

   My boyfriend chats with other girls behind my back.

7. todeviate; to gocontrary to; toviolate

   背約／背约  ― bèiyuē  ―  to break one’s promise

   背著良心說話／背着良心说话  ― bèi zhe liángxīn shuōhuà  ―  to speak against one's conscience

8. tomemorize; torecite

   這篇文章寫得多棒啊，背下來。[MSC,trad.]
   这篇文章写得多棒啊，背下来。[MSC,simp.]

   Zhè piān wénzhāng xiěde duō bàng a,bèi xiàlái.[Pinyin]

   How excellently written is this article!Memorize it.

   你背唐詩背了多少首？[MSC,trad.]
   你背唐诗背了多少首？[MSC,simp.]

   Nǐbèi Tángshībèi le duōshǎo shǒu?[Pinyin]

   How many Tang poems have youmemorized?

9. unlucky; out ofluck
10. hard of hearing

    耳朵有點兒背／耳朵有点儿背  ― ěrduo yǒudiǎnrbèi  ―  to be a bit hard of hearing

11. remote;out-of-the-way
12. (Cantonese)isolated;out of touch;out of the loop;ignorant of what is happening;uninformed of thelatestnews; notup to speed
    • 2003 February 17,杜依翹, “D場天后張茵再戰歌壇”, in《東方日報》 [Oriental Daily News]‎^[1]:

      諗極都諗唔通，於是走去問個喺D場做DJ嘅老友，佢竟然話：「乜你咁背㗎！嗰首咪係而家唱到行晒，由DJ Lorry同張茵合唱嘅《上一個不愛回家的人．下一個》囉！」[Cantonese,trad.]
      谂极都谂唔通，于是走去问个喺D场做DJ嘅老友，佢竟然话：「乜你咁背㗎！嗰首咪系而家唱到行晒，由DJ Lorry同张茵合唱嘅《上一个不爱回家的人．下一个》啰！」[Cantonese,simp.]

      nam² gik⁶ dou¹ nam² m⁴ tung¹, jyu¹ si⁶ zau² heoi³ man⁶ go³ hai² di¹ coeng⁴ zou⁶ di¹ zhei¹ ge³ lou⁵ jau⁵, keoi⁵ ging² jin⁴ waa⁶: “mat¹ nei⁵ gam³bui⁶ gaa³! go² sau² mai⁶ hai⁶ ji⁴ gaa¹ coeng³ dou³ hang⁴ saai³, jau⁴ DJ Lorry tung⁴ zoeng¹ jan¹ hap⁶ coeng³ ge³ “soeng⁶ jat¹ go³ bat¹ oi³ wui⁴ gaa¹ dik¹ jan⁴. haa⁶ jat¹ go³” lo¹!”[Jyutping]

      No matter how hard I tried, I could not think of why, so I went to ask an old friend who works at a DJ at a disco; to my surprise, he told me: "How are you sobehind the times!? Why, it's the duet by DJ Lorry and Yennis, 'Previous Person who Does Not Like To Return Home · Next Person'!"

13. (swimming)short for背泳 (bèiyǒng, “backstroke”)

背

1. tocarry on theback
2. (figurative) tocarry; tobear (blame); toshoulder (responsibility)

• (to carry on the back):馱／驮 (tuó)

• “背”, in漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[2],香港中文大學 (theChinese University of Hong Kong),2014–

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)

1. back,stature

• Go-on:へ(he)、べ(be)、はい(hai,Jōyō)、ばい(bai)
• Kan-on:はい(hai,Jōyō)
• Kun:せ(se,背,Jōyō)、せい(sei,背,Jōyō)、そむく(somuku,背く,Jōyō)、そむける(somukeru,背ける,Jōyō)

• (one's height):背(せい)(sei)

• (one's back; the rear of something):

• (Tokyo)せ[sè] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
• (Tokyo)せ[séꜜ] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]
• IPA^(key): [se̞]

• (one's height):

• (Tokyo)せ[séꜜ] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]
• IPA^(key): [se̞]

背(せ)• (se) 

1. one'sback(part of the human body)
2. one'sheight

   田(た)中(なか)さんは背(せ)が高(たか)い。

   Tanaka-san wase ga takai.

   Tanaka is tall.

3. therear of something, the area behind

• (part of the body):背(せ)中(なか)(senaka)

• (Tokyo)せー[séꜜè] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [se̞ː]

背(せい)• (sei) 

1. height

• “背”, in漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[3] (in Japanese),The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation,2015–2025

FromMiddle Chinese背 (MC bwojH|pwojH). Recorded asMiddle Koreanᄇᆡ〯(pǒy) (Yale:pǒy) inHunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

• (SK Standard/Seoul)IPA^(key):[pɛ(ː)] ~ [pe̞(ː)]
• Phonetic hangul:[배(ː)/베(ː)]
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

KoreanWikisource has texts containing thehanja:

背

背 (eumhun등배(deung bae))

1. hanja form^? of배(“back”)
2. hanja form^? of배(“betrayal”)

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary,전자사전／電子字典.[4]

背:Hán Nôm readings:bối,bội,bổi,bồi

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out andadd a translation, then remove the text{{rfdef}}.

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