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緣

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

See also:縁,缘,and綠

緣	U+7DE3,緣 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7DE3

←緢
[U+7DE2]

CJK Unified Ideographs

緤 →
[U+7DE4]

Translingual

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Traditional	緣
Shinjitai	縁
Simplified	缘

Kangxi Dictionary:page 930, character 19
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27656
Dae Jaweon: page 1368, character 18
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3433, character 7
Unihan data for U+7DE3

Chinese

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Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character緣
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled inHan)
Small seal script

Characters in the samephonetic series (彖)(Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
蠡	reːlʔ, rel, *roːl
盠	reːlʔ, reːl
彖	l̥ʰjelʔ, hljelʔ, *l̥ʰoːns
墬	*l'els
喙	hlods, l̥ʰjods
餯	*hlods
剶	ʔslon, l̥ʰon
猭	l̥ʰon, l̥ʰons
鶨	l̥ʰons, l'uːns
椽	*l'on
篆	*l'onʔ
瑑	*l'onʔ
堟	*l'onʔ
蝝	*lon
緣	lon, lons
櫞	*lon
掾	*lons
褖	*l̥ʰoːns
湪	*l̥ʰoːns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声,OC*lon, *lons): semantic 糹 + phonetic 彖(OC*l̥ʰjelʔ, *hljelʔ, *l̥ʰoːns).

Pronunciation 1

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trad.		緣
simp.		缘
2nd round simp.		𰫾
alternative forms		縁

Mandarin
(Pinyin):yuán (yuan²)
(Zhuyin):ㄩㄢˊ
Cantonese(Jyutping):jyun⁴
Hakka
(Sixian,PFS):yèn / yàn
(Hailu,HRS):rhan
(Meixian,Guangdong):yan²
Jin(Wiktionary):ie¹ / ye¹
Eastern Min(BUC):iòng
Puxian Min(Pouseng Ping'ing):oeng² / yoeng² / ieng²
Southern Min
(Hokkien,POJ):iân
(Teochew,Peng'im):uang⁵ / uêng⁵
Wu(Shanghai,Wugniu):⁶yoe
Xiang(Changsha,Wiktionary):yenn²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin:yuán
  - Zhuyin:ㄩㄢˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin:yuán
  - Wade–Giles:yüan²
  - Yale:ywán
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh:yuan
  - Palladius:юань(juanʹ)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/ɥɛn³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese,Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping:jyun⁴
  - Yale:yùhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin:jyn⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization:yun⁴
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/jyːn²¹/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl.Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ:yèn
  - Hakka Romanization System:ien^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim:yan²
  - SinologicalIPA:/i̯en¹¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl.Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ:yàn
  - Hakka Romanization System:(r)ian^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim:yan²
  - SinologicalIPA:/(j)i̯an¹¹/
- (Hailu, incl.Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System:rhan
  - SinologicalIPA:/ʒan⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong:yan²
  - SinologicalIPA:/ian¹¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary:ie¹ / ye¹
  - SinologicalIPA (old-style):/ie¹¹/, /ye¹¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê:iòng
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/yoŋ⁵³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian,Jiangkou,Nanri)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing:oeng²
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍:é̤ng
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/œŋ¹³/
- (Youyang)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing:oeng²
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/œŋ²⁴/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing:yoeng²
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/yøŋ²⁴/
- (Fengting)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing:ieng²
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/ieŋ²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:iân
  - Tâi-lô:iân
  - Phofsit Daibuun:ieen
  - SinologicalIPA (Xiamen):/iɛn²⁴/
  - SinologicalIPA (Quanzhou):/iɛn²⁴/
  - SinologicalIPA (Zhangzhou):/iɛn¹³/
  - SinologicalIPA (Taipei):/iɛn²⁴/
  - SinologicalIPA (Kaohsiung):/iɛn²³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im:uang⁵ / uêng⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like:uâng / uêng
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/uaŋ⁵⁵/, /ueŋ⁵⁵/

Note:

uang5 - Shantou;
uêng5 - Chaozhou.

Wu
- (Northern:Shanghai)
  - Wugniu:⁶yoe
  - MiniDict:yoe^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai):³hhyoe
  - SinologicalIPA (Shanghai):/ɦyø²³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary:yenn²
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/y̯ẽ¹³/

Middle Chinese:ywen

Rime
Character	緣
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	仙 (78)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	與專切
Baxter	ywen
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jiuᴇn/
Pan Wuyun	/jʷiɛn/
Shao Rongfen	/juæn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/jwian/
Li Rong	/iuɛn/
Wang Li	/jĭwɛn/
Bernhard Karlgren	/i̯wɛn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yuán
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jyun⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart):/*lon/
(Zhengzhang):/*lon/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	緣
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yuán
Middle Chinese	‹ ywen ›
Old Chinese	/*lon/
English	go along, follow
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	緣
Reading #	1/2
No.	12527
Phonetic component	彖
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	沿
Old Chinese	/*lon/

Definitions

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緣

hem(edge of a piece of clothing)
edge;brink;margin
along;down;throughout thelength of
- 晉太元中，武陵人捕魚為業，緣溪行，忘路之遠近。[Classical Chinese,trad.]
  晋太元中，武陵人捕鱼为业，缘溪行，忘路之远近。[Classical Chinese,simp.]
  From: 4th–5th century,Tao Yuanming,桃花源記
  Jìn Tàiyuán zhōng, Wǔlíng rén bǔyú wéi yè,yuán xī xíng, wàng lù zhī yuǎnjìn.[Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)
toclimb up; toclimbvertically; toascend
- 以若所為，求若所欲，猶緣木而求魚也。[Classical Chinese,trad.]
  以若所为，求若所欲，犹缘木而求鱼也。[Classical Chinese,simp.]
  From:Mencius,c. 4^th centuryBCE
  Yǐ ruò suǒ wéi, qiú ruò suǒ yù, yóuyuán mù ér qiú yú yě.[Pinyin]
  But doing what you do to seek for what you desire is likeclimbing a tree to seek for fish.
toinvolve; toimplicate; toincriminate
reason;cause;basis
無緣無故／无缘无故 ― wúyuánwúgù ― without reason
(literary)because of;due to
緣何／缘何 ― yuánhé ― why
- 災異之變，何緣而起？[Classical Chinese,trad.]
  灾异之变，何缘而起？[Classical Chinese,simp.]
  From: TheBook of Han, circa 1^st centuryCE
  Zāiyì zhī biàn, héyuán ér qǐ?[Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)
- 花徑不曾緣客掃，蓬門今始為君開。[Classical Chinese,trad.]
  花径不曾缘客扫，蓬门今始为君开。[Classical Chinese,simp.]
  From:8^th century,Du Fu,《客至》
  Huā jìng bùcéngyuán kè sǎo, péng mén jīn shǐ wèi jūn kāi.[Pinyin]
  The flower path was never sweptbecause of guests; the grassy gate was opened today for the first time ever for you.
- 中國何以強，緣有共產黨[MSC,trad.]
  中国何以强，缘有共产党[MSC,simp.]
  From:File:中国何以强缘有共产党 IMG 20141009 170747.jpg
  Zhōngguó héyǐ qiáng,yuán yǒu Gòngchǎndǎng[Pinyin]
  Why is China strong? Because of theCommunist Party.
relying on;depending on
lucky chance;luck orlot by which people arebrought together;predestined relationship;fate;serendipity
《鏡花緣》[MSC,trad.]
《镜花缘》[MSC,simp.]
“Jìnghuāyuán”[Pinyin]
Flowers in the Mirror
linkage;bondings

Compounds

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Descendants

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Sino-Xenic (緣):

→ Japanese:縁(えん)(en)
→ Korean:연(緣)(yeon)
→ Vietnamese:duyên(緣)

Pronunciation 2

[edit]

trad.		緣
simp.		缘

Mandarin
(Pinyin):yuàn (yuan⁴)
(Zhuyin):ㄩㄢˋ
Cantonese(Jyutping):jyun⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin:yuàn
  - Zhuyin:ㄩㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin:yuàn
  - Wade–Giles:yüan⁴
  - Yale:ywàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh:yuann
  - Palladius:юань(juanʹ)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/ɥɛn⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese,Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping:jyun⁶
  - Yale:yuhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin:jyn⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization:yun⁶
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/jyːn²²/

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang):/*lons/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	緣
Reading #	2/2
No.	12530
Phonetic component	彖
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	掾
Old Chinese	/*lons/

Definitions

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緣

hem;margin
(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) toedge withlace; torim with lace,border, etc.

References

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“緣”, in漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1],香港中文大學 (theChinese University of Hong Kong),2014–
李如龙[Li, Ru-long];刘福铸[Liu, Fu-zhu];吴华英[Wu, Hua-ying];黄国城[Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019), “缘”, in莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min),Xiamen University Press,→ISBN, page227.

Japanese

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Shinjitai	縁
Kyūjitai	緣

Kanji

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See also:

Category:Japanese terms spelled with 緣

緣

(Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji,shinjitai form縁)

Readings

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Go-on:えん(en)^{←えん(en,historical)}^{←𛀁ん(yen,ancient)}
Kan-on:えん(en)^{←えん(en,historical)}^{←𛀁ん(yen,ancient)}
Kun:ふち(fuchi,緣)、へり(heri,緣)、よる(yoru,緣る)

Noun

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Kanji in this term
緣
えん Jinmeiyō
on'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of緣 – see the following entry.

【縁】S	[kanji] jōyō kanji [kanji]hem [kanji]margin [kanji]reason [kanji]cause [kanji]karma [kanji]destiny;fate Kanji reading: えん,ふち,へり,よる,ゆかり,えにし,よすが